...Ethics Essay Andrew Urey ETH/316 July 31, 2012 David Cheatham Ethics Essay It is well notice that people response differently to the various issues of life. The ethical lance in which a person chooses to use is to a large extent a reflection of their cultural make-up. Outline in this paper we are going to discuss the similarities and differences as it pertains to these ethical theories, utilitarianism, virtue ethics and deontology. A personal example will be provided to illustrate a situation in which deontology as an ethical theory was applied in a real life situation. Striving to find the goodness in human actions is the similarity in which the ethical theories utilitarianism, virtue ethics and deontology seeks to provide. It is an ancient fact that if an individual wants to find happiness within oneself, it is important to provide that same happiness in the lives of others. Utilitarianism is a “theory that suggests that an action is morally right when that action produces more total utility for the group than any other alternative” (Boylan 2009 Pg. 153). This theory seeks to provide the greater good for the greatest amount of people. Utilitarianism differs from the ethical theory deontology in that deontology is a “moral theory that emphasizes one’s duty to do a particular action just because the action, itself is inherently right and not through any other sorts of calculation” ((Boylan 2009 Pg. 71). Deontology does not take into consideration...
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...Research is the investigation of a particular topic using a variety of reliable, scholarly resources. The three major goals of research are establishing facts, analyzing information, and reaching new conclusions. The three main acts of doing research are searching for, reviewing, and evaluating information. What are the characteristics of a good researcher? A good researcher will be able to extract relevant information from large amounts of info. Complete research will have a) the core information, or sets of core information, which together answers the question (problem) directly, and b) the contextual information, which determines whether or not the core research is applicable to given circumstances. That is, the research must be relevant! Good research is that which paints a complete picture, but not so bogged down with detail ast to detract from the overall picture - i.e. the solution to given problem. The researcher should also be able to convey the research in an accessible format, that is the research must be easy to make use of. This might mean illustrating hundreds and hundres of numbers, for e.g the ages of women working in childcare, into categories of relevance such as the region they live in or their ethnic background, depending on the question being asked. Types of Research Quantitative and Qualitative Quantitative research is the collecting of objective numerical data. Features are classified and counted, and statistical models are constructed to analyze...
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...The Food Regime Theory – first specified by Friedmann & McMichael in 1989 and initially applied for the USA – identifies two periods of stabilized food systems within the past two centuries. The extensive ‘First Food Regime’ also called the ‘Imperial Food Regime’ is described to range from approx. 1870 until the beginning of World War I in 1914 (Friedmann & McMichael, 1989; Pritchard, 2009) and according to Friedmann & McMichael (1989) it got into its final crisis with the Great Depression and the beginning of World War II. The intensive ‘Second Food Regime’ lasted from the end of World War II in 1945 until approx. 1973 (Friedmann & McMichael, 1989; Pritchard, 2009). In regard to the Food Regime Theory the development of organic agriculture in Germany can be arranged in the Second Food Regime, which is characterized by mass production, durable and cheap food and surplus (Pritchard, 2009). The German organic movement fits into the Second Food Regime not only because of the time frame – the stable period ranged from 1945 until 1973 and during that time organic agriculture began to develop (Holt & Reed...
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... 2 Abstract The essay material will examine the viewpoints of the Assumptions Tyack and Cuban concerning the Public Schools traditional strategies and social change will blend gradually to form the essay that compare the theories of John Dewey involving traditional and progressive approaches of schooling pertaining to their purposes and assumptions about Public Education. Comparing Tyack and Cuban With Dewey on Social Change 3 How Tyack and Cuban Assumptions and Purposes Differ from John Dewey approaching Public Education The title of the essay paper is How Tyack and Cuban Assumptions and Purposes Differ from John Dewey Approaching Public Education. The essay will discuss the assumption and purposes of both theorist John Dewey and Tyack and Cuban about public schooling reform and social change. The organization of the essay will first analyze the central concepts of Tyack and Cuban and the theories of John Dewey. The Assumption and Purposes of Public Education will be discussed from three view points. Similarities, Differences, and Uniqueness are researched from three topics. (1) The Assumption and Purposes of Public Education. (2) Quality and Integrity with the Politicization of Education and (3) The Interaction of Social Change and School Reform. The conclusion will summarize the objective of what has been accomplished in the essay paper....
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...Eunjung Carney English 848 Mrs. Escamilla 03/16/2013 An Essay on a Miss Representation Images of women are presented in all different kinds of mass media. Such images of women in the media portray the ideal women’s body as very thin and as a sexual object. These unrealistic images are particularly found in women’s magazines all over the country. Many young women between the ages of 14 and 32 hold these unrealistic and unattainable images of ideal models’ bodies. There are numerous studies regarding the negative effects of women’s body portrayal in the media. Two of these studies, cultivation theory and self-schema theory, explain why and how women internalize unrealistic and unattainable ideal body images in three ways: women’s body objectification, repetitive exposure to unrealistic images, and women’s internalization of the idealized body. These cause women to have eating disorders and low self-esteem. Women should be aware of theses subtle but strong influences and these negative effects should be eliminated. Many fashion magazines objectify the woman’s body in order to sell products by portraying women in very sexual ways and by emphasizing women’s body images rather than women’s health and ability. For instance, a recent American Apparel ad in a magazine, with the copy “now open,” sends the message that a woman in the ad spreading her leg widely is open for sex. This sexual availability of the woman in this ad implies that she can be had by anyone. Usually...
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...detailed, academically supported body of work, designed to retort the following questions: How and why are semantically sexualised women used as a perceptive marketing stunt’ and ‘what role does the media play in legitimizing gender discrepancies through framing and cultivation strategies? Coaxed by the issue of female objectification in the mass media, the following research was conducted both practically, and theoretically, to overtly annunciate the social and democratic problems associated with advertised female subordination. The relative research involves a semiotic analysis of two sources, coupled with a survey of 40 candidates of varying ages. Furthermore, theoretical mechanisms of media framing and cultivation have been deconstructed throughout this article to uncover the impact of magnified female subordination on the domestic expectations of children and young adults. Through the collection of data, it was able to be conclusively recognized the impact of objectification on social attitudes. Results had shown the many conceptions concerning the female purpose, these include; a woman’s role as a domestic and sexual slave to her male partner. Through the convergence of data, semiotic analysis and academic theory, it may be meticulously understood how female objectification in the mass media is a social complication in the construction of an egalitarian future. ‘Women’s bodies are predominantly valued for its use to others’ Fredrickson & Roberts 1997 During the past decade...
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...Discuss the consequences of depicting violence on television with reference to effects theory As the development of economy and technology, there are many diverse forms of media in the digitized twenty-first century, including TV, radio, newspapers, and the Internet. Especially the television plays such a significant role in the lives of modern citizens nowadays. However, it may cause some negative aspects such as the television violence because children who watch violent television shows are more likely to commit crimes than those who do not (Marc, 2001). In this essay it will attempt to bring these claims into perspective and discuss critically that the consequences of depicting violence on television with reference to effects theory. The structure of the paper is as follows.How television violence affects children will be firstly presented according to the hypodermic needle theory. Subsequently, it will illustrate the impacts of depicting violence on TV by uses and gratifications theory and media cultivations theory under the conditions of media content and audience variables. Firstly, it is generally believed that television violence can result in the real violence and aggressive behaviour (Mcquail, 2005).Through statistic analysis, children can spend more time watching television which can reach twenty five hours per week than other activities (Violence on prime time broadcast TV 2001). Besides, a large number of violent programs are showed in television nowadays (Children...
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...Confucius inspired a humanistic and ethical outlook that was developed further by prime disciples Mencius and Xunzi. This development took place amidst the background of arguments against other thinkers or in response to their criticisms of Confucianism. However, there was a disagreement within the Confucian school, as well, as shown by Xunzi’s critique of Mencius. It may be perceived that Mencius has the dominant position in the Confucian tradition as Mencius’s belief that human nature is originally good has often been interpreted into certain sayings of Confucius. Additionally, Xunzi’s claim that human nature is “evil” and that people can be transformed to become good may be inconsistent, as they imply Mencius’s claim that human nature is inherently good. For this reason, it is crucial to analyze both thinkers separately as integration of one thinker’s original thought to another may obscure the important aspects of the assimilated thinker’s position. Secondly, this method of analysis will show that the debate is not one conducted from extreme opposites as it may seem at first sight, for both Mencius and Xunzi agreed that man must cultivate his goodness consciously regardless of whether he is born with it or acquires it from the state. The differences in their views on human nature lead to the ultimate difference of interpretation of the betterment of human nature. Although both philosophers had differences, their ultimate goal was to suggest that human beings can be good and...
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...Prominent Painters and Painting from Song to Qing Dynasty Hee Dam Yoon (52775031) Song Dynasty The Song Dynasty was the golden age of landscape painting in Chinese history. Many artists developed landscape painting during Five Dynasties so, the development in the Song period was smoothly started. Especially emperor Song Huizong enjoyed contribution on art cultivation during the Song Dynasty, so, the soaring of Chinese landscape painting was possible (Hough, “Sung Dynasty (1960-1179)”). Features of this period are vision of nature and scholarly officials’ participation in the art field. These officials expressed their political view and cultivated themselves through natural images (Department of Asian Art). Guo-Xi was one of the prominent painters in this era. As a well educated court professional, he took a side with peasantry or poor people so, emperor Huizong wanted him to spread out the harmonious social atmosphere as a representative. Even though he was a high ranking official, he valued different perspectives from different people and classes. So, his painting style includes “angle of totality” which connotes different views that reflect his life belief (The Famous Artist). Guo-Xi. Early Spring. 1072. Ink and color on silk. National Palace Museum. Taipei This is a Guo-Xi’s most popular masterpiece called Early Spring. He expressed landscape of spring after winter by showing mountain surrounded by clouds. By using the floating perspective, another name of an angle...
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...Introduction Mass Media such as films, advertisements and magazines are the huge influence on the definition of feminine beauty. From watching movie to passing through the subway station, it is quite often to see numerous images of female faces and bodies. Women are exposed in the world where most women display in films and on subway advertising boards are striking poses with little clothes on. Moreover, every image showed is airbrushed with Photoshop. Women are exposed with images produced by the media on what is considered to be the ideal face and body. The way media portray feminine beauty today changes the publics’ standard on feminine beauty and even how females view themselves. This essay will explain the impact of media in feminine beauty and how they portray it to women. Feminine beauty in the past and today There are a thousand definitions of feminine beauty Way back in the mid-nineteenth century, the ideal feminine beauty was reflected by sculptors’ pieces, the women’s nose and forehead run in a line which is indented by only a hair’s breath, the upper lip is very short, the ear is far back (Clark, 1980). The standard apply to one of the most famous figures, the Venus of Milo and many more. During the 1920’s, women aimed to hide their curves and wore bold make-up. And in the 1950’s, Marilyn Monroe and her hourglass figure were considered as the feminine ideal. As time goes by, people’s definitions of feminine beauty alter along. The standard is based on people’s...
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...The Incredibles, Cars and Ratatouille. Pixar merged with The Walt Disney Company in 2006 and Steve now serves on Disney's board of directors. Jobs also previously served as chief executive of Pixar Animation Studios; he became a member of the board of The Walt Disney Company in 2006, following the acquisition of Pixar by Disney. With Steve Job , Apple commands a dedicated consumer base and is know for its premium brands like iPad, iPhone, iPod, iTunes etc . Apples success is known under Steve Jobs Leadership. Although it is not easy to characterize Steve Jobs' leadership style to any one particular theory, to evaluate his leadership style two theories of leadership will be used the Transactional and Transformational theory and secondly the Hershey Blanchard's situational theory. Steve Jobs' leadership style seems to be both transactional and transformational theory. According to...
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...In this essay, I will be analyzing several schools of philosophy that emerged from the Hellenistic period. The Hellenistic civilization was known to be the final phase of ancient Greek philosophy. This civilization lasted from approximately 399 BCE to 200CE. These philosophy’s came about after Alexander’s attempt at a new descended upon the Greek population. After being alienated from the Centre of government, the Greek society realized that they were no longer in control of their own political destiny. For this reason, they decided to develop what would later be called a philosophy of retreat. During the Hellenistic times, philosophical questions were primarily ethical and centered around how to live well in difficult circumstances....
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...Essay on Key Topic on Organizational Behavior MBA 545 People and Systemructor Essay on Key Topic on Organizational Behavior November 11, 2010 The topic I am going to analyze in my Essay on Key Topic on Organizational Behavior assignment is Leadership. Starting with its definition, leadership is the organization of a group of people, so as to achieve a number of specific goals that the group and mostly the leader set. More specifically, a leader is considered to be somebody, who creates and communicates a vision, provides his “followers” with guidance and motivation, in order to achieve certain targets, influences others through his use of power, establishes and maintains group culture, clarifies roles and empowers the members of his group, and of course, has the ability to make tough decisions with limited information. Being a leader is totally different comparing to being a manager of a group of people. Being a leader, as already mentioned, means giving motivation, influencing and changing the behavior of people, when necessary, inspiring and creating a vision for the group of people...
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...In his essay titled "What is Enlightenment?" Immanuel Kant defines enlightenment as "man's leaving his self-caused immaturity." (145) In order to fully comprehend his definition, one must first clearly understand Kant's use of the term "immaturity." He explains that immaturity is not thinking for oneself because of a "lack of determination and courage to use one's intelligence without being guided by another." (145) To Kant, immaturity is the individual's fault. He explains that a pattern of immaturity is difficult to break, because it becomes comfortable for the individual to rely on others for knowledge. (145) The chief example that Kant provides to illustrate this point is domesticated animals. As an allusion to the role of government on its citizens, he explains that the animal's guardian domesticates it, and then warns it of the dangers of straying from his or her guidance. However, as Kant explains further: "this danger is not really so very great... [but] an example of this kind intimidates and frightens people out of all further attempts." (146) Much like the guardian in Kant's domesticated animal example, governments sometimes facilitate an individual's immaturity by providing the individual with a ready-made set of beliefs to which he or she can cling. (148) Kant identifies a clear distinction between the individual's pursuit of enlightenment as opposed to that of the public: "It is difficult for the isolated individual to work himself out of the immaturity which...
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...Application of Watson’s Caring Theory Name Institution Affiliation Application of Watson’s Caring Theory Human Caring Theory by Jean Watson contributes to the existential nursing. It concentrates on authentically caring concerning the whole patient. This caring involves the patient’s spirit, body and mind to facilitate the healing process to persist at an optimum level (Watson, 2011). Watson defined it as a caring model, which includes both science and art; providing a framework that intersects with and embraces science, art, spirituality, humanities, and new dimensions of spirit-body-mind medicine in addition to nursing. The essay describes the idea of Watson’s theory, the application of Human Caring theory in nursing practice connected to personal case, and the relevance of Human Caring theory in nursing leadership related to nursing problem. Watson supposes that the theory is ever changing and ought to be open to the evolving nursing practice as well as the human phenomena dynamics. Watson elaborates by explaining that caring art and science goes past an intellectualization of the subject luring us into endless, but timely space to re-examine the recurrent phenomenon of the human ailment. Using such abstract notions of faith, love, hope, caring, trust, and spirituality to nursing art and science could help stratify the human caring concept (Watson, 2011). The current nursing practice is incredibly affected by the theories designed by Dr. Watson. Various...
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