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Essay On Welding

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Methods for joining metals have been known for thousands of years, but for most of this period the only form of welding was forge welding by a blacksmith. A number of totally new welding principles emerged at the end of the 19th century. It became possible to combine and store safely gases such as oxygen and acetylene to produce a flame with enough heat. At the same time sufficient electrical current could then be generated for resistance welding and arc welding. The intensity of the heat source enabled heat to be generated in, or applied to, the work piece quicker than it was conducted away into the surrounding metal. Consequently it was possible to generate a molten pool which solidified to form the unifying bond between the parts being joined. The basic welding methods of resistance welding, gas welding and arc welding were all developed during the time before World War I [5].

Figure 2.1: Thomson’s …show more content…
AEG in Germany developed a welding generator in 1905. It was driven from a three phase asynchronous motor and had suitable characteristics for welding. The weight was 1000 kg and it developed 250 A. DC current was normally used for arc welding until the 1920s. The development of stick electrodes made it possible to use AC current. The welding transformer soon became very popular, as it was cheaper and had lower energy consumption[11].
At the end of the 1950s static welding rectifiers were introduced. Selenium rectifiers were used initially, followed later by silicone rectifiers. Thyristor rectifiers that came later made it possible to control the welding current electronically. This type of rectifier has since become very common at least for larger welding power sources. However, the most remarkable development in welding power source started when the welding inverter was developed in 1980[11].
2.3.2

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