Heart Disease.

Overview.
Heart disease (also called cardiovascular disease) is a class of diseases that involve the heart, the blood vessels (includes arteries, capillaries and veins) or both. The accumulation of plaque causes the blood vessels (veins) to narrow, which reduces the ability of blood to flow in and out of the heart. Cardiovascular disease is a general term that includes many types of heart disease, such as heart attack and stroke.
Cardiovascular disease is the leading cause of deaths worldwide, though, since the 1970s, cardiovascular mortality rates have declined in many high-income countries. At the same time, cardiovascular deaths and disease have increased at a fast rate in low- and middle-income countries. Risk factors of cardiovascular disease. • Tobacco use and exposure to secondhand smoke • High cholesterol • High blood pressure • Physical inactivity • Diabetes • Inflammation of any part of the heart or major artery • Blood clots • Stress • Age • Family history • Gender
What are the symptoms of a heart attack? • Uncomfortable pressure • Fullness or excruciating pain in the chest radiating to the neck, jaw, shoulders or arms • Lightheadedness • Fainting • Increased sweating • Shortness of breath • Nausea
What are the symptoms of a stroke? • Sudden numbness or weakness of the face, arm or leg (especially on one side of the body) • Sudden confusion, trouble speaking or understanding speech • Sudden trouble seeing in one or both eyes • Sudden trouble walking, dizziness, loss of balance or coordination • Sudden severe headache with no known cause
What is the treatment for cardiovascular disease? • Regular physicals and checkups • Lowering high blood pressure • Reducing high cholesterol • Managing diabetes • Reducing stress • Reducing salt and sodium in your diet • Prescription medications • Surgery and other procedures
How can I prevent cardiovascular disease? Although cardiovascular disease usually affects older adults, the antecedents of cardiovascular disease, notably atherosclerosis, begin in early life, making primary prevention efforts necessary from childhood.
You can’t control your age, family history or gender, but you can lower your risk of cardiovascular disease. • Be physically active every day • Eat a healthy diet • Stop smoking • Lower your blood pressure • Reduce your cholesterol • Maintain a healthy weight • Manage your diabetes Words.

Heart disease – болезнь сердца.

Cardiovascular – сердечно-сосудистый.

Blood vessels – кровеносные сосуды.

Plaque – бляшка.

Heart attack – сердечный приступ.

Stroke – инсульт.

Inflammation – воспаление.

Blood clots – сгустки крови.
Excruciating (pain) – мучительная (боль).

Lightheadedness – головокружение (syn. dizziness, vertigo)

Fainting – обморок.

Shortness of breath – одышка.

Numbness – онемение.