Ratification: an agent secures a contract on behalf of the principle and the principle agrees to it.

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The law of agency applies to both the two individuals in the case given that they possess an agent-principal type of relationship. Thus, the law of agency between the two is narrowed-down to the duties of the agent in respect to their respective principals. It should be noted Ashgan, the personal assistant, is the agent while Amber, who happens to be the employer, is her immediate Principal,
The first duty of Ashgan, as an agent, is not to become the principal as against her employer’s or principal’s knowledge. This duty, on the part of the agent, is meant to prevent her from situations in which there will be possible conflict of interest between her duty as an agent and her personal interest. Notwithstanding, a breach against this course of duty renders the contract, entered into by the agent, as voidable at the desire of the true principal. For this case, the contract to purchase the limited edition, sliver Bays-water Tote handbag created the aforementioned type of conflict and thus, it was Amber to decide whether or not the contract was voidable.
Second, the agent has a duty not to engage in business activities and hence making secret profits. It should be noted that secret profits is a phrase taken to mean any form of material or financial benefit that may be accrued on the part of the agent without the immediate knowledge of the principal. In this scenario, the principal is allowed to undertake any of the following measures: first, the principal is entitled to recover the amount of secret profit from the agent. Second, the principal might decide to sue the agent for any damages suffered. In the case provided, if it comes to the principal knowledge that Ashgan needed the bag in order to