...P4 & M3 Ethical concerns facing the communities Introduction I will be describing the ethical concerns facing the communities in which Apple oversees. For this part of the assignment I have chosen to continue using Apple as my selected organisation and look at them in more detail for this part of the task. Describe the ethical concerns facing the communities in which the selected business operates. Local communities Many businesses are of national importance and their activities have a crucial significance to local communities. Apple for example is a powerful presence in any community and can have an influence in many different ways. For more than 150 years, the British coalfields offered mining work to the communities around them. However, these communities were scarred for generations, because of them. Mining communities suffered a lot of environmental damage, with ugly slag heaps and, in some coalfields, serious coastal damage. Even today modern businesses leave their mark in many different ways on communities. Despite the environmental and other negative effects, local authorities still welcome new businesses. They bring jobs and cash to areas. When businesses of any size operate within a locality, there are always ethical concerns. Regional and national communities When entire communities go through difficulties, there are regional, and often national, effects. The UK car industry suffered from poor planning, inefficiency and bad industrial relations. The coal industry...
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...research children as young as 11 were working in a squalid conditions, sewing tiny beads and sequins onto cheap T-shirts and also Primark’ s fashion sweatshops pay them just 60p a day which is lower than a minimum wage. Primark was alerted to the use of child labour in southern India by a BBC Panorama investigation. A spokesman from Primark said that ‘Primark is an ethical organisation and take its responsibilities seriously’. So at this point, I would say that it can be improved if the British government introduce regulation to prevent using child labour. Primark is working overtime to gain back its reputation and try to avoid any illegal labour practices and poor working conditions in its supply chain. Another issue was that one of Primark’s UK suppliers was found to be employing illegal workers and paying staff less than the minimum wage. Ethical Trading Initiative investigation was launched after a BBC report claimed that the chain was supplied by workers who were being paid less than the minimum wage and this happened at Manchester-based knitwear factory TNS. Primark had to explain itself and also to the Ethical Trading Initiative (ETI), Primark...
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...and go on to new things with you. Thank you for your peace and your love in my life. Thank you for your kindness and care for me. Amen. ______________________________________________________________________________ Prayer for exam anxiety (a prayer for God's peace to come) Heavenly Father, Only your peace can sustain me through the anxiety and stresses of exam nerves. Your peace surpasses all understanding. I ask for this gift and choose to lean upon you at this time. Lord, come and remind me of your unfailing love. Remind me that you hold me safe, you understand me, and you cherish me. I lay down my fears before you. I leave them at the foot of the cross, for you have overcome the world. I choose to give you all my concerns, worries and fears of failure. I trust that your loving hand will hold me through these exams and lead into a bright future....
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...ETHICS IN NURSING Ethics: Are a branch of philosophy which seeks to address questions about morality; that is, about concepts such as good and bad, right and wrong, justice and virtue. Moral principles in health ethics: Autonomy: is the process of including clients in their health care decisions. * Informed Consent Beneficence: is the act of taking positive action to help others, it encourages people to do good for others and working in the best interest of the clients. * Performing a task for a patient that otherwise is not necessary but makes the client feel more at ease. For example crushing their pills in applesauce, at their request, even though they are perfectly capable of swallowing. Nonmaleficence: this involves the avoidance of hurt or harm to an individual. When referencing health care it refers to the will to do well as well as to do no harm. A good health care professional will balance the risks and benefits to ensure the best path of care for their patient. * Considering the associated discomfort or pain associated with a procedure that is designed to treat the patient. For example, radiation is designed to help treat cancer, but does have side effects that are undesirable. Justice: in simple terms it means fairness; in health care providers strive for fairness in medical treatment. Justice most often arises in discussion of health care resources. * Fair distribution of organs. Because the number of recipients outweighs the number of...
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...JOURNAL #1-Scenario 3 A party in the residence hall is already a highly tense situation, made only more difficult to deal with the unexpected presence of another resident assistant at the party. Although the situation might be difficult to approach, as it involves not only one’s residents, but one’s colleagues, it is absolutely necessary that one should follow protocol and perform her duties as instructed. If I were put in a situation where a fellow RA was at a student dorm party, I would choose to include the staff member in the report. Certainly, it would be a tough and rather awkward decision to make, but I feel that it would be irresponsible to leave out information, and unjust to write up certain students having the party and purposefully exclude one person simply because he or she was my colleague. Of course, I would explain to the person that I would be writing them up, and express my sympathies, because everyone does make mistakes. However, being that the person involved serves as a RA, she should understand that including her in write up is one of our responsibilities. I would definitely speak to the person and assure them they would have options, depending on how many violations they had had previously. I would also express to the person my own feelings, how I personally feel responsible to make a fair decision, and to not report some but exclude others based on personal relationships. I would hope that the RA involved and I would be able to reach a certain understanding...
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...influences”. This paper will provide positive and negative views that the general public has in regard to GPS technology usage. It will explore the intended purpose of the GPS and how useful the technology is for navigation assistance and the advantages it affords law enforcement. This paper will also examine the GPS’ unintended uses and expand upon the public’s concerns about over relying on technology and stalking. It will demonstrate that, while the GPS is immensely useful for navigation purposes, safety and security, it also causes potential risks and threats, primarily to the privacy and personal lives of individuals. Next, the political implications and influences will be examined and the nation’s national security dilemma will be analyzed. The intent of this paper is to look at the GPS as more than simply a navigation technology and provide alternate theories on intended versus unintended uses. Public opinion on GPS technology While the majority of people across the globe agree that a GPS is an extremely useful tool that has become integrated into our everyday lives, there are some that raise valid concerns regarding misuse. Opponents argue that this type of advanced technology, if used for unintended purposes, could potentially cause great harm, leaving the GPS surrounded by mixed reviews and opinions. However, the two issues that cause the greatest amount of debate are directions and individual security. Smartphone and tablet PC manufacturers have taken full advantage...
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...Ethical Concerns in Computing: Robot Ethics Ashley Ramos INF 103: Computer Literacy Cathy Johnson November 26, 2013 From a cash register to driverless cars, technology is all around us whether we like it or not, and it is only going to continue to grow. The more technology advances, the more we can do or use it for, and the more concerns it raises. When a computer was first introduced, we weren't thinking about if it could tell right from wrong, we were thrilled that we had a machine that could do somewhat complex calculations. As technology advanced these issues of morals came into play. The first person to look into ethics and the issues that go along with it was James Moor (Bowles, 2013). Since then it has been a highly debated topic that continues to grow. There are many different ethical issues involving information technology, some of which are mentioned in our textbook. Just like with any personal data (Social Security Numbers, bank account information, etc), we expect this information to be kept private and only give it out to who we believe to be trusted people. "Privacy of that data and the importance of ensuring that only authorized people know certain things about other people's lives." (Bowles, 2013). Another issue mentioned in the textbook is the accuracy of our personal information that is entered into the various systems. This information is only as accurate as the human typing it in makes it. Because digital information is so much easier...
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...Research Methods Project Report Ethical Concerns of Marketing towards Children Submitted to: Fatima Saman Qaisar Date: 30th November, 2013 FAST School of Business National University of Computer & Emerging Sciences Acknowledgements Thanks to Allah-The Almighty who helped us in completing this tremendous task. Then we would like to offer our very special thanks to our respected instructor, Miss Fatima Saman Qaisar, whose constant and untiring support helped us at every stage of the project. Without her devoted and sincere assistance, we would never have been able to complete this project in an organized way. Last but not the least, we would also like to offer our thanks to our parents and our friends who supported us at every stage of completion of this task. TABLE OF CONTENTS List of Tables iv Executive summary 1 Introduction 2 Background 2 Consequences 2 Research Problem 3 Significance of the study to practice and to the wider academic world 4 Research Objectives 4 Research Questions 4 Literature Review 5 Theoretical Framework and Research Objective 23 Purpose of study 23 Research questions 23 Research Hypothesis 24 Theoretical Framework 24 Research Methodology & Methods 26 Research Methodology 26 Research approach and research method 26 Findings 28 Project Management 52 Project Charter 52 Analysis of key findings 54 Conclusion 57 Recommendations 58 Bibliography...
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...REPORTING DATE CIA 1003 INTERMEDIATE FINANCIAL ACCOUNTING AND REPORTING CAEA 1214 FINANCIAL ACCOUNTING AND REPORTING II Semester 2, 2015/2016 Learning outcome • Determine the different types of events after the reporting period in accordance with MFRS110. • Apply MFRS 110 to account for events after the reporting period either to: • Make adjustments in the financial statements • Prepare the necessary disclosures • Present the different types of events after the reporting period in the financial statements in compliance with MFRS110. Lecture outline • Introduction • Definitions • Types of Events -Adjusting Events -Non Adjusting Event • Other Issues -Date of authorization for issue -Dividends -Going concern -Disclosure Introduction • Bursa Malaysia requires large publicly traded companies to lodge their unaudited financial statements within 2 months of fiscal year-end and full financial statements within 4 months • Business continues during this “subsequent period” and events could take place that have an impact upon the firm’s financial statements for the preceding year • These events are referred to in the accounting literature as subsequent events or post-balance sheet events. Introduction • The IASB has released IAS 10, dealing specifically with the accounting for subsequent events. • IAS 10 requires that companies adjust the reported amount of assets and liabilities if events occurring after the balance...
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...Empathy is a very important trait in people because it shows that you care about the other person. It shows that you care even if you have went through the same thing. There's also a lot of different kinds of empathy. First of all, there's different kinds of empathy. First there is effective empathy, that is where you can share the emotions of others. Then their is cognitive empathy where you understand the emotion but don’t share them. Like a psychologist who who gets the emotion in a rational way even though client tells them. Last their is emotional regulation in this you can regulate someone’s emotion like a surgeon needs to control their emotions during operating on a patient. Secondly, we need to have empathy to feel someone's emotions....
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...Going concern concept The going concern concept assumes that an enterprise or the accounting entity has an indefinite or unlimited life or existence. It means that the intention of the business is to carry for a sufficiently long period of time to carry out its existing activities and commitments. It will not be liquidated or dissolved in the immediate future unless there is clear evidence or a specific instruction to the contrary. For Example: - where the venture is for a specific purpose like setting up a stall in an exhibition or fair or the construction of a building or bridge etc. under a contract, the business comes to an end on the completion of the project. Experience indicates that in spite of several business failures, enterprises have a fairly high continuance rate; certain entities have been in existence for more than a century even though the owners have changed. The business entities are therefore going concerns in the majority of the cases and it has proved useful to adopt continuity assumption for accounting purposes. Advantages 1. It provides a sound basis for the income or profit measurement. It means that the items which provide future economic benefit or which are used for more than one year are recorded a fixed assets rather than as expenses only because of the going concern assumption. 2. The going concern assumption facilitates the classification of assets and liabilities into short-term and long-term respectively 3. It is due to the...
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...Fundamental Design Principles Separation of concerns • To prevent overlapping between components of the system, all “concerns” (aspects and mechanisms) of the system should be separate. The codes for each concern should be separated from the other to prevent co-locating. This also prevents interdependency within the system and helps to maintain the system easily. • This is beneficial in architecture because separation of concerns promotes organization. Each application of a software has a specific code, and separation of these codes leads to an effective and organized layered effect. A software may have business aspects, user interfaces, structure and design codes, etc., there may be more than one application of the software working together. As long as the codes of these mechanisms are separated, there will not be an overlap leading to malfunctioning. Also if each section of a system consists of a specific set of features, going back and modifying or repairing a certain feature is easily done without disturbing other aspects of the system. Single responsibility principle • In a software or system, each module should only have one task or responsibility. Responsibilities can also be described as “reasons for change.” • Each mechanism of the system should only be responsible for one task. Providing multiple tasks for one module can overload that aspect of the system and lead to faults. In an example of opening a browser page, there is a functional aspect and the cosmetic...
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...Inside Look into Ethical Concerns of For-Profit and Not- For-Profit Organizations Matthew Morton PHI445: Personal & Organizational Ethics Instructor: Robin McCart-Brown 10/12/2015 “Ethics: an area of study that deals with ideas about what is good and bad behavior: a branch of philosophy dealing with what is morally right or wrong (Merriam-Webster)”. The theory of ethical issues dates back to the first known human beings, as even the oldest settlers of this planet, had some guidelines distinguishing right from wrong doing. This day in age, the actual study of ethics and morals has come a long way, while many famous philosophers and ancient hierarchy’s have their own beliefs and set of rules they believe is right or wrong. When we look at the use of ethics and moral code in relation to business and organizations around the world there is allot to be said. In a world that has evolved beyond the imagination of our earliest settlers, ethics and business have allot in common as every business, for or not for-profit, strives to hold the highest reputation to acquire and retain as much public interest and business as possible. While there are many famous not- for profit organizations and even more for-profit business’s, they are not all as favorable and ethically inclined as they might seem on the surface, leaving the research of these organizations in the hands of the consumer and also the determining of whether a particular organization does good by their own ethical and moral code...
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...'Definition of the 'going concern' concept The 'going concern' concept directs accountants to prepare financial statements on the assumption that the business is not about to go broke or be liquidated (i.e. where the business closes and sells all the assets for whatever price they can get). So, unless there is significant evidence to the contrary, accountants will base their valuations and their reporting of financial data on the assumption that the business will remain in existence for an indefinite period. An indefinite period means the foreseeable future or long enough for the business to meet its objectives and to fulfill its commitments. It is important to note that the 'going concern' concept does not imply or guarantee that the business is profitable and will remain so for the foreseeable future. So, the 'going concern' concept assumes that the business will remain in existence long enough for all the assets of the business to be fully utilized. Utilized assets means obtaining the complete benefit from their earning potential. (i.e. if you recently purchased equipment costing $5,000 that had 5 years of productive/useful life, then under the going concern assumption, the accountant would only write off one year's value $1,000 (1/5th) this year, leaving $4,000 to be treated as a fixed asset with future economic value for the business). The 'going concern' concept supports the assumption that when a business buys assets like land, equipment, and buildings, it does...
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...Modularization, Commodization Modularity Definition: Modularity is a very general set of principles for managing complexity. By breaking up acomplex system into discrete pieces—which can then communicate with one another onlythrough standardized interfaces within a standardized architecture (Langlois, 2000) * Modularity is based on a systems theory view of organizations and their processes. It seeks to investigate how a system’s components are ‘coupled’ together and how tight these bonds are. * Modularity is important today because of the increased complexity of modern technology. * The driving normative basis for the investigation is that increased modularity enables the parts of a system to be separated and combined with much greater flexibility, and that such flexibility is desirable. * What is new is the application of the idea of modularity not only to technological design but also to organizational design. * A complex modern society might be made more productive through a modular design of social and economic institutions. * In a world of change, modularity is generally worth the costs. The goal is to find the modularization that minimizes interdependencies and most cleanly decomposes the system. * Innovation that takes place through change in the modules we can call modular innovation. * Handling complex systems become easier if break them up into sub-systems. * Complex product or process composed of smaller sub-systems that can be...
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