...Ethical Decision-Making Process Dawn Brough CTU Criminal Justice Ethics / CJUS260-1202B-02 Professor: Jill Hudson Abstract Throughout this paper I will be giving two different options that I could take as an officer of the law that was present during the brutality abuse, performed by my partner, towards a criminal for child molestation. The criminal has been sentenced for 3 years to a rehabilitation facility but is also suing the department and the officer for damages afflicted on him the date of arrest. For these two options I will provide a brief explanation of the benefits and consequences for each option. I will also apply specific factors to the scenario and explain how the standard of objectivity applies particularly as it relates to personal feelings. I will finally state how I would personally respond under these particular circumstances with an outline of my decision-making process using ethical decision-making guidelines and address the counterpoints to my arguments and why I decided against them. There are two options that I could take since being subpoenaed from the court to appear at the trial regarding my partner who physically abused a criminal who was caught red handed by myself and my partner for molesting a little girl. I could one, take the vow of silence towards my partner and state that I saw nothing and lie under oath. Potential consequences of this is that I could be reprimanded by the court and be suspended from my job without pay...
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...Application of Integrated Ethical Decision-Making Model into “Giles and Regas” Case 1. Identification of Ethical and Professional Issues (a) Identification of the Relevant Facts • Regas, a senior accountant in a CPA firm, was assigned to an audit engagement project working with the firm’s CPA partner Giles who has a higher rank in the same team, and had been in a dating relationship with Giles for several months, which was an uncommon story among the partners, but became clear to most of junior staff as the audit work progressed; • Both explicitly knew the policy but tried to be discreet and hide the facts; • The firm HR has the policy that two members with different ranks within the firm should not date. After feeling distracted by Giles’ personal behaviours during the work and cautioned by her friend Revilo about the severe consequences, Regas decided to put the date aside while Giles was reluctant to give it up; • The firm was facing the possibility of jeopardizing the productivity and efficiency of the audit work, and violating the compliance with the firm’s policy and norms; • The audit’s controller Sax accidentally knew this issue and reported to the managing partner Morris who decided to talk to Giles and make ethical decisions. b) Ethical and Professional Issues • Violation of CPA’s professional and moral obligations; Noncompliance with firm’s HR policy and professional code of conduct, as well as the firm’s universally respected...
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...Ethical Decision-Making in the Military Decision-Making Process Contribution to the JSCOPE 2000 Conference “Moral Considerations in Military Decision Making”. Dr. D. (Desiree) Verweij Lieutenant Colonel G.A.A.M. (Gérard) Cloïn (drs.) Major E.C. (Erhan) Tanercan MED (drs.) E-mail: ilmo@army.disp.mindef.nl Tel: +31 76 527 46 53 begin_of_the_skype_highlighting +31 76 527 46 53 end_of_the_skype_highlighting Introduction A great deal has changed in the Royal Netherlands Army (RNLA) in recent years. Not only has the task of the RNLA changed, but so has its composition. To begin with the first aspect: the task of the RNLA and that of the armed forces as a whole has been extended. This means that operations outside the Netherlands in all manner of international frameworks, such as the UN and NATO, have become the rule rather than the exception. The composition of the RNLA and of the armed forces has also changed. We no longer have conscripts in our army; we have all-volunteer forces, forces that wish to reflect society on a number of important counts. One of the significant consequences of the changes in respect of the new task and composition of the armed forces is the confrontation with different cultures and with different and new values and standards. To ensure that military personnel are able to deal with this situation in a professional manner, education in ethics is extremely important. This article elaborates on...
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...IDEA : 1 Ethical DecisionMaking Framework Guide & Worksheets 1 The IDEA: Ethical Decision-Making Framework builds upon the Toronto Central Community Care Access Centre Community Ethics Toolkit (2008), which was based on the work of Jonsen, Seigler, & Winslade (2002); the work of the Core Curriculum Working Group at the University of Toronto Joint Centre for Bioethics; and incorporates aspects of the accountability for reasonableness framework developed by Daniels and Sabin (2002) and adapted by Gibson, Martin, & Singer (2005). Introduction Ethics is about making “right” or “good” choices and the reasons that we give for our choices and actions. Ethics promotes reflective practice in the delivery of health care. Ethics addresses the question “What should we do and why?” Another way to describe ethics is as follows. It is about: • Deciding what we should do – what decisions are morally right or acceptable; • Explaining why we should do it – justifying our decision using language of values and principles; and • Describing how we should do it – outlining an appropriate process for enacting the decision. 2 Ethical issues arise every day in health care (See Appendix A). Everyone has a role to play in ensuring the ethical delivery of care, from bedside to boardroom. Trillium Health Centre is committed to providing quality compassionate care to the community it serves. Ethical principles and values are incorporated into the way that decisions are made and care is delivered...
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...Journal of Business Ethics (2007) 73:219–229 DOI 10.1007/s10551-006-9202-6 Ó Springer 2006 A Model of Ethical Decision Making: The Integration of Process and Content Roselie McDevitt Catherine Giapponi Cheryl Tromley ABSTRACT. We develop a model of ethical decision making that integrates the decision-making process and the content variables considered by individuals facing ethical dilemmas. The process described in the model is drawn from Janis and Mann’s [1977, Decision Making: A Psychological Analysis of Conflict Choice and Commitment (The Free Press, New York)] work describing the decision process in an environment of conflict, choice and commitment. The model is enhanced by the inclusion of content variables derived from the ethics literature. The resulting integrated model aids in understanding the complexity of the decision process used by individuals facing ethical dilemmas and suggests variable interactions that could be field-tested. A better understanding of the process will help managers develop policies that enhance the likelihood of ethical behavior in their organizations. KEY WORDS: decision making, ethical framework, ethics, process, stress Roselie McDevitt Sc.D. is Assistant Professor of Accounting at the Charles F. Dolan School of Business at Fairfield University in Fairfield, Connecticut. Dr. McDevitt teaches financial and managerial accounting. Her Primary areas of research are accounting education and accounting ethics. Catherine Giapponi is an Assistant...
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...Values and Ethical Decision Making MGT/521 July 22, 2012 Week Three Abdelmagead Elbiali Values and Ethical Decision Making Ethical decision-making involves considerations about our deepest values and commitments. It allows us to think about our relations to others and what we owe to them. While ethical decisions are often our highest priority, in the real world, they often have to be balanced against other concerns. For example, business concerns involve generating a profit and maximizing individual or corporate gain. One of the biggest problems for modern businesses is how to balance ethical goals with business goals. Should a company like Verizon work with Chinese companies in securing corporate goals? Chinese finds acceptable certain practices that American culture shuns, such as child labor. By working with these Chinese companies, Verizon can secure goods more cheaply and maximize corporate profit, but on the other hand, ethical principles would be violated. As individuals, we must simultaneously make ethical and business decisions. Resourceful thinking, we can formulate goals that share a considerable overlap with the goals of business and ethics. * Tina’s Decision-making Process * Based on the outcome of the Ethics Awareness Inventory, what is the most...
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...in establishing an ethical culture. With this employees are often times going to have more ethical conduct. When establishing an effective ethics programs these are the key factors that need to be included: establish why is a program needed, code of conduct, ethics officers, appropriate delegation of authority, effective ethics training programs, system for monitoring, supporting ethical compliance and continuous efforts to improve ethics program. Included in these factors the program must also consist of research, best practices, include decision making process, Federal Sentencing Guidelines for Organization (FSGO) and the Sarbanes Oxley act (Ferrell, Fraedrich and Ferrell, 2008). Establish why a Program is Needed When employees are faced with a difficult decision within their company they often times know how to handle it or know who can help resolve the problem. People are faced with ethical dilemmas each day at work. Being able to trust that your employees have the ability to make ethical decisions can help improve the company’s overall behavior. Ferrell, Fraedrich and Ferrell (2008) suggest that “one reason why ethics programs are required in one form or another is to help sensitize employees to the potential legal and ethical issues within their work environment”(p. 209). In the efforts to establish an effective ethics program one must aware factors that influence the ethical decision making process. The ethical decision making process includes four factors...
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...ICNE YALE #98 ETHICAL PROBLEMS ENCOUNTERED BY NURSING STUDENTS IN TURKEY Fethiye Erdil and Fatos Korkmaz Nursing students increasingly encounter ethical problems during their clinical practice which sometimes infringe the rights of patients. However, so far there is no study in Turkey on the extent of problems from the perspective of nursing students, as well as how nurses are involved in ethical decision making process. This study is conducted at Hacettepe University Health Science Faculty Nursing Department with the aim of identifying the ethical problems confronted by nursing students. Eighty-four third class and 69 senior nursing students were volunteers to participate in this study. Their age ranged from 19 to 23 years. All participants have taken the course entitled ‘Nursing History and Deontology’ which include 14 hours ethical content. Students were asked to describe moral problems that they observed or encountered during their clinical practice. Ethical problems at clinical practice were reported as physical maltreatment of patients (28%), inappropriate approaches toward patients which cause psychological distress (24%), violation of privacy (21%), providing inadequate information (16%) and discrimination based on the social and economical status (16%). The reasons of these ethical problems were stated by students as the unprofessional conduct of physicians (34%) and nurses (44%), and ineffective hospital management (9%). The most striking finding of this study...
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...Applying Ethical Frameworks In Practice Ellen Kincaid Grand Canyon University NRS-437V-0504 September 5, 2015 Applying Ethical Frameworks In Practice When it comes to ethical dilemmas we can all feel challenged with complex decisions that are difficult to make. Ethical dilemmas refer to problems that arise which usually involve more than one moral correct mode of actions involving the individual responsible and the individual correcting the situation. The individual resolving the situation is often challenged by the fact that in either option he takes, he or she may be right about taking one option but wrong about leaving the other. Ethical dilemmas test our ability to use our morals and values as well as ethical principals that we have learned through out life, and put them into actions by weighing these beliefs and being able to determine the difference between right and wrong. For that reason is imperative that nursing professionals are well aware of their own beliefs, moral and values, so they can make correct ethical decisions especially when it comes to health care delivery. Ethical Dilemma I this case we have a 6 y/o child, which gets very sick while at school. The child presents with elevated temperature, vomiting and convulsing. The child is immediately taken to the closest hospital and is quickly diagnosed with meningitis. The attending physician is now requesting authorization to treat the child from the parents. The child’s parents are divorced and now...
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...1007/s11948-010-9213-7 Teaching Ethics to Engineers: Ethical Decision Making Parallels the Engineering Design Process Bridget Bero • Alana Kuhlman Received: 14 January 2010 / Accepted: 18 May 2010 / Published online: 4 June 2010 Ó Springer Science+Business Media B.V. 2010 Abstract In order to fulfill ABET requirements, Northern Arizona University’s Civil and Environmental engineering programs incorporate professional ethics in several of its engineering courses. This paper discusses an ethics module in a 3rd year engineering design course that focuses on the design process and technical writing. Engineering students early in their student careers generally possess good black/white critical thinking skills on technical issues. Engineering design is the first time students are exposed to ‘‘grey’’ or multiple possible solution technical problems. To identify and solve these problems, the engineering design process is used. Ethical problems are also ‘‘grey’’ problems and present similar challenges to students. Students need a practical tool for solving these ethical problems. The stepwise engineering design process was used as a model to demonstrate a similar process for ethical situations. The ethical decision making process of Martin and Schinzinger was adapted for parallelism to the design process and presented to students as a step-wise technique for identification of the pertinent ethical issues, relevant moral theories, possible outcomes and a final decision. Students had greatest difficulty...
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...Ethical Self Assessment Abstract * As Health care executives in this globally diverse world where cultural beliefs blends with societal ethics can one truly define ethics? What might be right to one person may not be right to another person. Ethics is one of the most important topics that should be addressed not just in this industry but in every aspects of the business world. But a major challenge with ethics is that it is a very relative term. After completing the American College of Healthcare Executives Ethical Self Assessment, the author found answers to questions included in this paper. Such this paper will address what I learn about my own ethical decision making from the self-assessments. The effect of professional ACHE standards to my ethical decision making will be discussed in this paper. How my individual ethics influence my decision making will be enumerated in this paper. Finally the strategies that I can adopt to improve my ethical decision making in the future will be enumerated in this paper. Ethical Self Assessment Paper As Hermans and Oles (1994) states, “The human person not only lives in a world of values but also is able to create values on a personal perspective” (p. 569). Value to me simply describes an individual or cultural belief system an individual may have. Values are viewed as objects or ideals important to an individual, called personal, or group of individuals, culture, or family. A personal value thus refers to an individual’s belief...
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...information with the public. It came from an initially anonymous source who hacked into the personal computer of a fellow employee. A decision has to be made on how to handle the two employees who have violated company policy and prevent further occurrences of the same situations. Decision Making The first step in the decision making process is to be attentive. In this step you pay attention to your surroundings. You need to know the facts, you need to know who has to make the decision, and you need to know what problem needs to be solved. In this scenario the sources of information are emails, background information, and knowing the issues. The second step is being intelligent. In this step in the decision making process you have to evaluate the situation. It is also important to know who the stockholders are and know the values of the stockholders. The third step in the decision making process is be reasonable. During this step in the decision making process you must apply the ethical values and legal principles identified during the preceding step to the specific problem. During this step you evaluate the ethical lenses. These lenses are rights and responsibility lens, results lens, relationships lens, and reputation lens. The fourth step is being responsible. In this step of the decision making process you make the final decision...
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...workforce and their decision-making capabilities. Many times the ethicality of such decisions have been questioned because of the profit driven strategies of these organizations. As Nobel Prize winner economist Milton Friedman quotes, “An executive’s responsibility generally will be to make as much money as possible while conforming to their basic rules of the society, both those embodied in law and those embodied in ethical custom.” The decision-making process and hence ethicality of the decisions in such organisations is greatly influenced by the culture of the workforce. Bartels (1967) was one of the first to note the importance of the role of culture in ethical decision-making. There are different studies which discuss the diversity of ethical decision-making based on different perspective for example, Vitell, Nwachukwu and Barnes, 1993 discuss the effect of culture on ethical decision-making with the help of Hofsted’s typology while Patel and Schaefer, 2009 discuss the same with the help of Douglasian Cultural Theory (CT) perspective in the Indian context. Summary Patel and Schaefer’s article discusses the impact of culture on ethical decision-making from a Douglasian Cultural Theory (CT) perspective. It explains the dynamic ethical behaviour of the individual with four solidarities of CT. The Article also discusses the business ethics in the Indian context. Authors argue that applying static conception of culture to the process of ethical...
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...Applying Ethical Frameworks in Practice Dawn M. Biggs Grand Canyon University: Ethical Decision Making in Healthcare March 29, 2015 Applying ethical decision making in the everyday practice in healthcare can be complicated. Healthcare providers must look at both sides of the issue while taking into account what is in the patient’s best interest while at the same time not letting their own opinions and beliefs dictate the decision making process. While one’s own values and ethics can help the process take shape it must never overrule the process and influence the decision. Case Scenario: “A 6-year-old develops a high fever accompanied by violent vomiting and convulsions while at school. The child is rushed to a nearby hospital. The attending physician makes a diagnosis of meningitis and requests permission to initiate treatment from the parents. The child’s parents are divorced. The mother, who is not the biological parent of the child, has primary custody. She is a Christian Scientist who insists that no medical treatment be offered for religious reasons. The biological father, who resides in another state, is also contacted. He insists that treatment be given and seeks independent consultation from another physician” (Ethical Decision Making-Week 3). The ethical dilemma takes shape due to opposing views from the parents in regards to medical treatment of the child. The mom is refusing to give consent for medical treatment due to religious beliefs and the father wants...
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...Chapter 5 – Business Ethics and Ethical Decision Making – Summary Business ethics comprises principles and standards that guide individual and work group behavior in the world of business. Stakeholders determine these conventions, and they may change over time. The most basic of these standards have been codified as laws and regulations. Business ethics goes beyond legal issues. Because individuals and groups within a company may not have embraced the same set of values, ethical conflict may occur. Questionable decisions and actions may result in disputes that must be resolved through some type of negotiation or even litigation. Codifying ethical standards into meaningful policies that spell out what is and is not acceptable gives businesspeople an opportunity to reduce the possibility of behavior that could create legal problems. Business decisions involve complex and detailed discussions in which correctness may not be clear-cut. It is important that a shared vision of acceptable behavior develop from an organizational perspective to create consistent and reliable relationships with all concerned stakeholders. Understanding the ethical decision-making process can help individuals and businesses design strategies to prevent misconduct. Three of the important components of ethical decision making are individual factors, organizational relationships, and opportunity. Significant individual factors that affect the ethical decision-making process include personal moral philosophy...
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