...My View of Business Ethics Summary Paper of My ‘Ethical Position’ From My Experience, Knowledge And What I Have Gleaned From The Business Ethics Class. ABSTRACT The ability to recognize and deal with complex business ethics issues has become a significant priority in twenty-first century companies. In recent years, a number of well publicized scandals resulted in public outrage about deception and fraud in business and a demand for improved business ethics and greater corporate responsibility. The publicity and debate surrounding highly visible legal and ethical lapses at a number of well known firms, including AIG, Countrywide Financial and Fannie Mae, highlight the need for businesses to integrate ethics and responsibility into all business decisions. The field of business ethics deals with questions about whether specific business practices are acceptable. For example, should a salesperson omit facts about a product’s poor safety records in sales presentation to a client? Should an accountant report inaccuracies that he or she discovered in an audit of a client, knowing the auditing company will probably be fired by the client for doing so? Should an automobile tire manufacturer intentionally conceal safety concerns to avoid a massive and costly tire recall? Regardless of their legality, others will certainly judge the actions taken in such situations as right or wrong, ethical or unethical. By this very nature, the field of business ethics is controversial...
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...sdsdsdsdsaaaaaaaaaaaaaTen principles of finance are listed and explained in this ahort lecture. Principle 1. The risk-return trade-off Principle 2. The time value of money Principle 3. Cash—Not Profits—is King Principle 4. Incremental cash flows Principle 5. The curse of competitive markets Principle 6. Efficient Markets Principle 7. The Agency Problem Principle 8. Taxes bias business decisions Principle 9. All risk is not equal Principle 10. Ethical dilemmas persistTen principles of finance are listed and explained in this ahort lecture. Principle 1. The risk-return trade-off Principle 2. The time value of money Principle 3. Cash—Not Profits—is King Principle 4. Incremental cash flows Principle 5. The curse of competitive markets Principle 6. Efficient Markets Principle 7. The Agency Problem Principle 8. Taxes bias business decisions Principle 9. All risk is not equal Principle 10. Ethical dilemmas persistTen principles of finance are listed and explained in this ahort lecture. Principle 1. The risk-return trade-off Principle 2. The time value of money Principle 3. Cash—Not Profits—is King Principle 4. Incremental cash flows Principle 5. The curse of competitive markets Principle 6. Efficient Markets Principle 7. The Agency Problem Principle 8. Taxes bias business decisions Principle 9. All risk is not equal Principle 10. Ethical dilemmas persistTen principles of finance are listed and explained in this ahort lecture. Principle 1. The risk-return trade-off ...
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...Element “Ethics” in Business Research Management Kanak Tara*, Archana Yadav** and Ritesh Kumar*** *JRF, Indian School of Mines, Dhanbad **M. Ed., Xt. Xavier College, Patna; ***Scientist, Central Institute of Mining & Fuel Research, Dhanbad ABSTRACT India, like some of the other developed and developing countries in the world, is greatly facing problem of ethics in business research and its management. The large amount of new wealth creates incentive to cut corners to get rich. The pressure to succeed at all costs has created a ‘cheating culture’ that threatens to undermine academia as well as the social and economic fabric of society. However, good business ethics help a society as a whole, and some say that good ethics can be a source of competitive advantage for an organization. Steps can be taken to improve ethics in business research and its management at the societal level, at the individual level, and more importantly at the organizational and the governmental level. In addition to ethical leadership, we believe that one key to improving ethics at the organizational level is human resource management. Improvement can be made in the areas of recruitment, selection, performance appraisal, performance management, compensation and benefits. Personnel policies can help ensure ethical conduct within the organization. This paper outlines and discusses the ethics in general as well as in Business research. INTRODUCTION Today’s challenge to business leadership is ensuring...
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...J Bus Ethics (2011) 104:311–323 DOI 10.1007/s10551-011-0910-1 A Model for Ethical Decision Making in Business: Reasoning, Intuition, and Rational Moral Principles Jaana Woiceshyn Received: 11 February 2011 / Accepted: 16 May 2011 / Published online: 28 May 2011 Ó Springer Science+Business Media B.V. 2011 Abstract How do business leaders make ethical decisions? Given the significant and wide-spread impact of business people’s decisions on multiple constituents (e.g., customers, employees, shareholders, competitors, and suppliers), how they make decisions matters. Unethical decisions harm the decision makers themselves as well as others, whereas ethical decisions have the opposite effect. Based on data from a study on strategic decision making by 16 effective chief executive officers (and three not-soeffective ones as contrast), I propose a model for ethical decision making in business in which reasoning (conscious processing) and intuition (subconscious processing) interact through forming, recalling, and applying moral principles necessary for long-term success in business. Following the CEOs in the study, I employ a relatively new theory, rational egoism, as the substantive content of the model and argue it to be consistent with the requirements of longterm business success. Besides explaining the processes of forming and applying principles (integration by essentials and spiraling), I briefly describe rational egoism and illustrate the model with a contemporary moral...
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...Introduction The purpose of writing this paper is to describe the difference between ethical issues and moral issues. I will also explain the difference between personal ethics and business ethics. Then I will provide examples of common ethical problems in business for ethical issues, moral issues, personal ethics and business ethics. An ethical issue can be mirrored closely with a moral issue. According to Trevino and Nelson (2007), ethics can be defined as “a set of moral principles or values,” a definition that portrays ethics as highly personal and relative pg 13. Does that definition sound familiar? According to Merriam-Webster the definition of moral is “of or relating to principles of right and wrong in behavior: ethical”. An ethical issue has to be evaluated as a set of standards that most people deem as right or wrong however, a moral issue has more to do with the belief of an individual person of right or wrong. Ethical issues and moral issues are like walking a fine line therefore, making these issues differ is rather its personal or business. The term ethics can be described both in personal and business. Personal ethics is something that is a moral principle of a person’s belief. Ethics can be defined as “a set of moral principles or values,” a definition that portrays ethics as highly personal and relative (Trevino & Nelson, p. 13, 2007). This is based upon the personal ideals of what’s right or wrong. The choices that we make and the consequences behind them...
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...Applying Ethics in Business Judy Blair-Jackson Kaplan University Ethics in Business Since the past decade more companies are focusing on incorporating ethical principles in business transactions and decision-making. One of the factors that have caused this shift on ethical focus is the financial crisis in the corporate world. Many reputable companies, CEO’s, CFO’s, and auditors have been implicated for fraudulent business activities. It is hoped that if businesses focus on building an ethical culture in the organization this may act as a deterrent to management and employees engaging in unethical business transactions and decision-making. Schein (1985) posits that the “organization’s culture is a cognitive framework, consisting of attitudes, values, behavioral norms, and expectations shared by organization members” (as cited in Brooks & Dunn, 2012, p. 254). Organizational culture can positively or negatively affect employees’ behavior. Where there is no focus of management on ethical behavior, employees may get the wrong message about the company’s stance on ethical principles. On the other hand where management displays and discusses ethics with employees, this shows a commitment from them that the company’s values ethical principles and behaviors. Management’s commitment and support to ethical standards must be evident through their actions. Brooks & Dunn (2012) stated that “it is vital that organizations create an environment culture where appropriate shared...
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...| | | | | | | The Ethical Principles: How it impacts on Life in General and in Business Based on some of the recent history ethical failures committed by executives from huge organizations like Enron, Arthur Andersen, PricewaterHouseCoopers, so on and so forth, if history teaches us anything is that ethics and character count a whole lot, especially in the business world. These executives, by their failures of ethics, all because for their personal benefits, had destroyed and tarnished not only the organizations reputation but, in many cases, its financial impacts resulted in hundreds of millions of dollars as damage and tarnish their reputation and their prospective career, not to mention damaging their prospective families financial security and, in some cases, serving many years in prison as the ultimate consequences. In today’s volatile, high tech, interdependent business world, charisma leadership style without conscience and being clever without character are a recipe for economic and personal failure of epic proportions. As quote from President Roosevelt –“To educate the mind without the morals is to educate a menace to society. The following core ethical principles, if one chose to follow rigorously, can play a vital role to success to leadership: Honesty, Integrity, Promise-Keeping, Loyalty, Fairness, Caring, Respect For Others, Law Abiding, Commitment To Excellence, Leadership (Exemplify honor & ethics), Reputation &...
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...come in for nutrition counseling sessions in an attempt to better understand | |the relationships among her current domestic situation, psychological state and weight issues. During a treatment team meeting, the RD | |reports on the client and is questioned by one of the team members about why he did not refer the client to the mental health professional. | |What should be done in this situation? | |Questions for Discussion | |Is the situation described an ethical issue? Or, is it a business dispute? It is an ethical issue. | |What principle(s) of the Code of Ethics does it relate to and how/why? | |Indicate the Category for the Code of Ethics: Responsibilities to Clients. | | | |Indicate the...
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...the International Business Ethics Gabriela Dubcová* ABSTRACT The ethics triangle: national law, culture and political economic system. Key factors of current ethics issues in an international environment. The most visible changes in environment dimensions. Principles of international business ethics. Current ethics challenges in international environment. Common issues of the international business ethics. Comparison of ethical standards in different cultures. Accelerating development of globalization and assimilation between Europe and the USA. Differences between Europe, the United States and Asia in the business ethics perspective. Development processes of global business ethics. Levels of global business ethic level. Principle of normative guidelines for business conduct of multinational corporations. Current functioning of institution engaged in the international business ethics. Key words: The ethics triangle; Current ethics issues; International business ethics; Ethical standards; Global business ethics; Institution engaged in the International Business Ethics. JEL classification: K2, M1 Introduction The present economic situation in the globalized world generates very efficient processes in international companies with large profits for managers but with a relevant risk in economic and noneconomic ambit to eliminate any negative impacts of the crisis from one country to another. In this case, it is necessary to enact and apply ethics principles in international companies...
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...Running Head: ETHICAL AND MORAL ISSUES IN BUSINESS Ethical and Moral Issues in Business MGT 261 University of Phoenix Ethical and Moral Issues in Business Business will always have ethical and moral issues to face. It is how the business solves or addresses the issues that will define a business’s level of morality and values. Businesses want to be known for their ethical traits for many good reasons. Revenues will be greater, improved brand recognition, greater employee motivation and retention, and better financial resources. These good reasons come with a price. Increased costs related to purchasing fair trade products, increased overhead related to training and communication, and a risk of building false expectations. Differences in ethical and moral issues The differences in ethical and moral issues are slim, because what is considered ethical is based from what is considered moral. Moral issues are based on beliefs, judgments, and feelings of an individual or group (Trevino, 2007). The set of moral principles or values are used to evaluate people and business’s actions, like a set of rules. The rules of human behavior assist in defining what is right and wrong. Ethics are defined as “the principles, norms, and standards of conduct governing an individual or group” (Trevino, 2007). Ethics are considered a set of moral principles or values extremely personal and relative to people or groups. In a business, the ethical guidelines are...
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...Synthesis on Ethical Foundations Of An Enterprise By: Rufino A. Santos III For many years people in "business" have had the reputation of needing to be ruthless in order to succeed. We've all heard remarks and jokes that perpetuate such stereotypes and caricatures, to the effect that there is no such thing as an honest person in business. Such comments would not be made unless there were at least some truths behind them on many occasions. We all know examples of people in business who have done things we consider dishonest, repugnant and socially irresponsible, all for the sake of personal monetary or material gain and, in many cases, ‘got away with it’ as far as the law is concerned. According to Charles Francis Adams “Failure seems to be regarded as the one unpardonable crime, success as the all redeeming virtue, the acquisition of wealth as the single worthy aim of life. The hair-raising revelations of skullduggery and grandscale thievery merely incite others to surpass them by yet bolder outrages and more corrupt organisations”. These were words written over a hundred years ago not by a management guru but an ordinary person who have concretely experienced such trends. In fact, so many revelations are reported that people who wish to be honest in the business world may be tempted to believe that they, too, must be sneaky, deceitful or dishonest in order to pay their way and make a decent profit. Various gurus have consciously defined ethical conduct in which one view...
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...THE CASE FOR ETHICAL BEHAVIOUR IN TODAY’S BUSINESS ENVIRONMENT Despite the presence of professional ethical codes designed to govern professional conduct in specific industries, there has been numerous cases of unethical conducts which have led to the collapse of great companies in the past such as Enron and Worldcom. In recent times however, many organisations have been taking practical steps to incorporate ethical principles in the daily operations of the business in. The importance of business ethics cannot be overemphasized in the role it plays for any organisations whose objective is to continue in business for the foreseeable future. In the bid to maximize profitability, several managers have failed in their responsibility to act ethically in the conduct of their business because they have given less consideration to the ethical issues, which will have long term impact on the organisations, while focusing on short term financial considerations. Unethical behaviours do not just affect the organisation itself but also negatively affects all stakeholders of the organization – for example, giving bribe to a customer representative does not only affects the company’s reputation but also promotes the societal ill of dishonesty and lack of integrity; when a company is declared insolvent as a result of a fraud perpetrated by senior management, there is a threat to the source of livelihood of the employees of the organisation. Therefore, in order for a business to remain sustainable...
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...Chapter 9 Quiz | Question 1 | | 1 / 1 point | Integrative social contracts theory maintains that Question options: | there is no such thing as "moral free space"�all ethical standards are determined by societal norms, and individuals have an implied social contract to live up to these standards. | | few nations or cultures have common moral agreement on what is ethically right and wrong. | | there should be no absolute limits put on what actions and behaviors fall inside the boundaries of what is ethically or morally right and which actions/behaviors fall outside. | | "first-order" universal ethical norms take precedence over "second-order" local ethical norms. | | each country/culture/society has commonly held views about what constitutes ethically appropriate actions/behaviors; these common standards of what is ethical and what is not combine to form a "social contract" that all individuals in that country/culture/society are obligated to observe. | Question 2 | | 1 / 1 point | Which one of the following is not a part of the business case for why companies should act in a socially responsible manner? Question options: | Every business has a moral duty to be a good corporate citizen. | | Acting in a socially responsible manner reduces the risk of reputation-damaging incidents. | | Acting in a socially responsible manner is in the overall best interest of shareholders. | | To the extent that a company's socially responsible behavior wins...
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...Ethical decision making is an essential aspect in understanding and demonstrating the values of an organization. The intense pressures of business may not always allow time for reflection, and the high stakes may tempt us to compromise our ideals. Many of us already have well-developed ethical outlooks but by considering various approaches to ethical decision making, we are better equipped to make the right choices when the need arises. Joseph Weiss (2009) identifies fundamental ethical principles that guide decision making: utilitarianism, universalism, rights, justice, and ethical virtue. John Rawls contributes his Theory of Justice as Fairness as another approach for consideration in resolving ethical dilemmas. Utilitarianism The utilitarian view states that an action is considered right or good based on its consequences (2009). The utilitarian approach tries both to increase the good done and to reduce the harm done. An ethical corporate action is the one that produces the greatest good and does the least harm for all who are affected, including customers, employees, shareholders, the community, and the environment. Universalism The universalistic approach holds that moral authority is determined by the extent to which the intention of an act treats all persons with respect (2009). Respect and compassion for all others are a requirement of this reasoning. This approach also calls attention to the common conditions that are important to the welfare of everyone: a system...
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...BUSINESS ETHICS Business ethics is nothing but the application of ethics in business. Business ethics is the application of general ethical ideas to business behavior. Ethical business behavior facilitates and promotes good to society, improves profitability, fosters business relations and employee productivity. The concept of business ethics has come to mean various things to various people, but generally it‘s coming to know what it right or wrong in the workplace and doing what‘s right - this is in regard to effects of products/ services and in relationships with stakeholders. Business ethics is concerned with the behavior of a businessman in doing a business. Unethical practices are creating problems to businessman and business units. The life and growth of a business unit depends upon the ethics practiced by a businessman. Business ethics are developed by the passage of time and custom. A custom differs from one business to another. If a custom is adopted and accepted by businessman and public, that custom will become an ethic. Business ethics is applicable to every type of business. The social responsibility of a business requires the observing of business ethics. A business man should not ignore the business ethics while assuming social responsibility. Business ethics means the behaviour of a businessman while conducting a business, by observing morality in his business activities. According to Wheeler Business Ethics is an art and science for maintaining harmonious...
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