...best employees by providing the best working environment. Its main key objective is to be a responsible company. Vodafone is committed to high standards of ethics, corporate social responsibility and corporate governance that are considered critical to business growth and integrity. The company does not treat CSR as a gesture or add-on; it is part of its core business to achieve sustainable organization success. Vodafone's success is supported by its commitment to ethical conduct in the way it interacts with stakeholders and the way it carry on its business operations. Pressure has been continuously applied on telecommunication industry to improve business ethics through new public initiatives and laws. There are many important ethical and social responsibility developments that forced Vodafone to continuously incorporate and update their corporate social responsibility policies. Vodafone takes a strategic approach to its ethical and corporate responsibility issues. It has a much publicized and unique CSR policy, and its social responsibility strategy...
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...Managing in the context of turbulence has become an ongoing reality. Readers will learn how to modify their strategies and management practices and adapt to this new reality. SOCIAL FORCES The subject of ethical codes and CSR crystallizes many social challenges. At the one extreme are those who, like Milton Friedman (1970/2001), advocate the guiding principle of shareholder value maximization as the sole determinant of managerial decisions. At the other extreme are those who expound an altruistic philanthropy based on philosophical beliefs concerning universal ethics, such as those related to human rights. Within this range of perspectives, many authors offer distinct typologies for analyzing social forces and for developing appropriate firm responses to each set of social forces. Meanwhile, the rise of activist groups who threaten public criticism and boycotts means that even Friedman’s dictum of maximizing shareholder value now requires a wide range of CSR strategies. Some analysts, such as Porter and Kramer (2006), believe that each firm should create a competitive advantage through appropriate CSR strategies. From this perspective, CSR morphs into political strategies through which a firm’s reactions can be designed in order to achieve desirable government decisions. For multinational enterprises (MNEs), it is clear that CSR has become a subject of major importance, but the complexity of dealing with social forces that differ among nations has created uncertainties about...
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...‘Community engagement’ shows us the ways of how ethical communication can encourage individuals and groups participate and involve in political debates (Demetrious, 2012). It gives individuals in the society has the right and freedom to speak, to challenge, to provoke awareness through participation in public debate. ‘Democracy’ is the conceptual provenance of ‘community engagement’ (Demetrious, 2012). In other words, community engagement plays an important role in our democracy system. As Birch and Glazebrook (2000, p.41) state that corporate is under a great pressure to increase its profit, to keep a good relationship with its investors. Without doubt that ‘spin’ is a strategy for corporate in common use to frame information in a way that can be easily accepted by public who are related tosw. Gare also state that ‘The business community is becoming more isolated from the community at large and looking after its own interests’ (cited in Birch and Glazebrook 2000, p.41). Using the theories of the citizenship (Hudson & Kane 2000) and the communication (Habermas 1989) this essay will discuss the role and relationship of ‘community engagement’ to society and how ‘community engagement’ can be a solution to ethical problems associated with spin. The case study “The Wrribee toxic dump” will be used to demonstrate the arguments. Community engagement is a big theory that included both citizenship theory and communication theory. Hudson and kane (cited in Demetrious 2012, p.2) define...
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...Chapter 1 -The global manager’s environment Sources of Risk for International Managers -Exogenous- General environmental factors, industry-related uncertainties and some firm-specific uncertainties. -Endogenous- Uncertainties that arise from within the firm, and include managerial perceptions, attitudes and organizational perspectives. -Top two exogenous risks facing business leaders and policy makers for 2012 and the next decade would be severe income disparity (The unequal distribution of household or individual income across the various participants in the economy) and chronic fiscal imbalances (situation where all of the future debt obligations of a government are different from the future income streams) -Other issues: natural disasters such as 2011 earthquake in Japan, flood in Thailand, Political uncertainty in China and Middle East -Globalization has compounded the types and level of business risks. *Typical challenges that managers face involve politics, cultural differences, global competition, Terrorism and Technology. Managers in companies are struggling to find ways to balance their social responsibilities, their images, and their competitive strategies. -PESTEL- An analytical tool to develop and understanding of exogenous risk -Pestel analysis- Political, Ethical, Social, Technological, Environmental and legal understanding or environmental scanning that is CRITICAL if we are to strategically plan and develop our value proposition. -> Exogenous creates...
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...CHAPTER 1: THE IMPORTANCE OF BUSINESS ETHICS Ethics- Inquiry into the nature and grounds of morality where the term of morality is taken to mean moral judgments, standards and rules of conduct. The American Heritage Dictionary- Ethics- The study of the general nature of morals and of specific moral choices, moral philosophy, and the rules or standards governing the conducts of the members of a profession. Applying Ethics to business: 1.To survive, business must earn a profit 2. Business must balance their desires for profits against the needs and desires of society. Business ethics comprises the principles and standards that guide behavior in the world of business. CHAPTER 2: STAKEHOLDER RELATIONSHIPS, SOCIAL RESPONDSIBILITY, AND CORPERATE GOVERNANCE. In a business context, customers, investors and shareholders, employees, suppliers, government agencies, communities, and many others who have a “stake” or claim in some aspect of a company’s products, operations, markets, industry, and outcomes are known as stakeholders. These groups are influenced by business, but they also have the ability to influence businesses; thus, the relationship between companies and their stakeholders is a two-way street. Stakeholders provide resources that are more or less critical to a firm’s long-term success. These resources may be both tangible and intangible. Primary stakeholders are those whose continued association is absolutely necessary for a firm’s survival; these include...
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...Human Resource is characterized and challenged by increasing levels of decentralization. Most international and domestic organizations address this challenge by maintaining one primary Human Resource department with independent regional departments. The primary HR department (particularly in international organizations) faces the challenge of consistency across all locations and offices. The top three challenges include: 1. Variations in social, political, and economic circumstances. 2. Different locations/offices have their own way of doing things and are resistant to change. 3. The perceived value of the HR function varies across locations/offices TECHNOLOGY The increasing complexity of the Human Resource role has prompted managers to find modern solutions to new challenges. Software vendors have stepped up to the plate with software that will streamline information, saving countless hours HR workers previously spent compiling information. New software programs allow employees to have access to personal information in their files so they can assume the responsibility of updating files. This shift in responsibility enables HR staff to spend more time on higher level tasks. DIVERSITY Diversity has become one of the most important business and employment issues of modern times. Diversity includes issues related to race, gender, age, disabilities, religion, job title, physical appearance, sexual...
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...to identify and examine social and ethical issues within the global market. This document will also review how international management and cultural diversity are pertinent to the success of an organization that is operating in a foreign country. Based upon the above mention, this paper will focus on examining and providing frameworks and strategies that implement the concept of corporate social responsibility and cultural diversity. A number of factors are identified in the study, using literature reviews and numerous online research engines. Introduction Business firms that operate in foreign countries face an assortment of ethical and social challenges. These challenges run from fair treatment of employees, stakeholders, and customers, product safety, plant safety, advertising practices, human resources management, environmental problems, business practices, corruption, bribery, kidnapping, torture, and even murder. Therefore, organizations are increasingly concerned about how their actions affect the environment and social welfare. This in turn creates a demand by employees, consumers, investors, lenders, governmental agencies, and other stakeholder groups for demanding firms to operate in an ethical and socially responsible manner. Nevertheless, organizations cannot wantonly abandon their profit maximization aims while internalizing societal goals. As with other organizational decisions, ethical and social decisions should not be made in a vacuum but...
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...INTRODUCTION At multiple points in their careers, public relations (PR) practitioners are likely to face decisions that are ethical in nature. Such decisions reflect a range of ethical dilemmas between, for example, truth vs. loyalty, justice vs. mercy, short-term vs. long-term consequences, and the individual vs. the collective (Kidder 1995, p. 18; Stacks & Wright 1989, pp. 53-67). Public relations practitioners, by nature of their position and job responsibilities, are often in a crossroad of a range of competing interests. Often, the tension may be between the practitioner’s own values and the culture of the organization. In other cases, it may be a conflict between the practitioner’s professional code of ethics and organizational norms and expectations. In yet other circumstances, they may be faced with competing interests between the organization and its various publics. At the very least, practitioners will frequently confront contradictions between business demands for economic performance and public expectations for ethical conduct. Concerns over these competing responsibilities and the ethical dilemmas they produce for public relations are the subject of this essay. In it, a range of challenges faced by public relations practitioners related to issues of ethics and corporate social responsibility (CSR) are explored. It is argued that CSR has, in many respects, altered the expectations and demands placed on the profession. As a profession, public relations...
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...ETHICAL CHALLENGES FOR BUSINESS IN THE NEW MILLENNIUM: CORPORATE SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY AND MODELS OF MANAGEMENT MORALITY Archie B. Carroll Abstract: As we transition to the 21 s« century, it is useful to think about some of the most impor tant challenges b u s i n e s s and other organizations will face as the new millennium begins. What will constitute "business as usualI" in the business ethics arena as we start andiiiuvc iniu intonew i^eiiiuiyr iviy uvciaii iiiijugiii I3 tiioi wethought is that we will move me the new iry? My overall win aiiu pulsate into the future on our current trajectory and that the new century will not cause cataclysmic changes, at least not immediately. Rather, the problems and challenges we face now we will face then. Undoubtedly, new issues will arise but they will more likely be extensions of the present than discontinuities with the past. A s we transition to the 21*' century, it is useful to think about some of the most important challenges business and other organizations will face as the new millennium begins. As I write this essay, the public seems to be more concerned with the Y2K problem and whether their computers will keep working, their power will stay on, their investments will be secure, there will be food in the pantry, airplanes will still fly, and that life as we know it will continue as usual. Optimistically, by the time this is published we will all look back and conclude that technology is amazing...
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...Managing Corporate Integrity Yiyang Zheng BUSA 552 Dr. Kerlin May 7th, 2015 INTRODUCTION This paper will review the ethical business practices of Duke Energy in the light of the recent Coal-Ash spill. It will review ethical principles, business considerations, stakeholder impact, and the company’s internal policies related to preventing environmental damage. The thesis of this research essay is that Duke Energy did not only suffer financial loss due to being made to pay a fine for environmental damage, but also the company’s actions negatively affected its reputation and share price. Therefore, companies should carry out ethical practices and risk assessments to best serve the needs of all stakeholders. BACKGROUND INFORMATION In February, 2014, Duke Energy released a high amount of coal ash into the Dan River, Rockingham County, N.C., which violates the Clean Water Act (CWA) (1972). The CWA is a waste-water and pollution reduction programs, setting guidelines and regulatory standards for different industries (EPA). Specifically, The CWA of 1972, amended in 2002, states that “it is the national policy that the discharge of toxic pollutants in toxic amounts be prohibited” (Clean Water Act, SEC. 101.3). Duke Energy was found guilty on nine misdemeanor violations (Smith) and was ordered to pay compensation. As a result, Duke Energy’s leadership agreed to pay $102.2 million for the damages caused, and the CEO confirmed that the company took responsibility...
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...Quiz # 1 Note’s Chapter # 1-3 Business Ethics Chapter # 1 1. Why Business Ethics? * Business decisions under great scrutiny Global financial crisis created diminished stakeholder trust Deals with questions about whether practices are acceptable No universally-accepted approach for resolving issues 2. Business Ethics * Comprises principles, values, and standards that guide behavior in the world of business 3. Principles: Specific boundaries for behavior that are universal and absolute Freedom of speech, civil liberties 4. Values: Used to develop socially enforced norms Integrity, accountability, trust, Norms: Accepted behaviors. Morals: Rules of right conduct: right/wrong 5. A Crisis in Business Ethics * Consumer trust of businesses is declining, No sector is exempt from ethical misconduct, Stakeholders determine what is ethical/unethical ,Investors Employees, Customers, Interest groups, Legal system, Community 6. Why Study Business Ethics? * Reports of unethical behavior are on the rise, Society’s evaluation of right or wrong affects its ability to achieve its business goals, Studying business ethics is a response to Sarbanes-Oxley, FSGO, and stakeholder demands for ethics initiatives, Individual ethics alone is not sufficient, Studying business ethics helps identify ethical issues to key stakeholders 7. A Timeline of Ethical and Socially Responsible Concerns * Environmental issue, Civil right issue, increased employee employer...
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...Ethical Health Care Issues In 1953, two scientists James Watson and Francis Click published the description of the double helix structure of the DNA. Little did they know that voyage from the double helix to The Human Genome Project (HGP) would become a reality. Fifty years later in 2003, National Institute Health accomplished mapping of 32,000 genes of the human genome. Gene mapping was a significant research that enabled researchers to focus on gene specific diseases and birth defects. More than 1000 research projects started inward voyage discovery of human kind rather outward exploration of the planets. Clinical research involving human beings have greater potential for risk of misusing the technology. Potential for misusing the genetic research and fear of unknown long term effects on the successive generations have sparked bioethics debates. Like abortion, gene mapping is a very controversial subject and both sides have strong views. For example, should a woman abort the pregnancy based on the abnormal genetic screening results? Genetic technology provides an enormous power within our grips and with this enormous power comes following the ethical standards. Ethical standards should be followed involving human subjects. Genetic screening standards should align with four ethical principles of: • Respect for the human autonomy, dignity, and obtaining informed consent • Genetic screening should cause the minimal amount of harm to the subject • Provides maximum benefit to...
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...Learning Portfolio for IFSM 304. These activities, along with class discussion and any other assignments your professor may require will enable you to achieve the course objectives and demonstrate knowledge of key concepts and apply this understanding to real-world digital ethics topics and situations. Understand that your work will comprise a Learning Portfolio for the course and these assignments are linked! You will be faced with work that advances with a progression from a general basic framework for decision making to more specific analysis and critical thinking about more complex ethical issues. Current Events 5% Conference Posting of articles on IT-related Ethical Global issues (multi-national corporation) The purpose of this assignment is to analyze a current event article on global ethical issues from a multi-national corporation perspective. This assignment is designed to increase your knowledge from a corporate viewpoint and enable you to analyze ethical issues from a current GLOBAL situation or event. This will also enhance your research and writing skills and your critical-thinking abilities. Select a current topic (2010 source or later) and find an appropriate article on the topic. Provide the persistent URL (one that anyone can click on to read the original article) or paste the article in the Conference or provide the article as an attachment. The following elements must be addressed: Summarize its key points Analyze its multi-national and global...
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...Health Advocacy Campaign Development Tiffany E. Snowden Walden University NURS 5050/6050 Section 06, Policy and Advocacy for Improving Population Health February 8, 2015 Health Advocacy Campaign Development Living a long, thriving and healthy life is a vision many Americans strive to make a reality. Unfortunately, many are deprived of that dream because of smoking and tobacco use. It is estimated that approximately 16 million Americans suffer from a disease as a result of smoking in addition to the one in five deaths that occur annually from smoking (Smoking & Tobacco Use, 2014). The purpose of this paper is to describe the population affected by smoking, summarize the attributes of two successful health advocacy programs and develop a successful health advocacy campaign for smoking. Smoking and the Affected Population Tobacco use is the leading cause of preventable deaths in the nation (Smoking & Tobacco Use, 2014). There are many reasons that an individual chooses to partake in tobacco use including stress and peer pressure. In 2012, with an estimated 42.1 million Americans aged 18 years or older, approximately 18% of the adult population was cigarette smokers (Smoking & Tobacco Use, 2014). Aside from adult users, it is estimated that more than 3,200 adolescents smoke their first cigarette on a daily basis (Smoking & Tobacco Use, 2014). According to the 2012 Surgeon General’s Report, approximately 9 out of 10 smokers initiate smoking by the...
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...ethics and how it is related to the organizational design of a corporation. The first section of this review defines the concepts of business ethics and organizational design to establish their meaning and use throughout this paper. The second aspect of understanding the relationship between business ethics and organizational design comes from understanding how and/or why ethics is important to organizational design. This will illustrate any underlying influences ethics has on business structure and design. The third section of this paper reviews and groups the literature found linking ethics and organizational design. Literature is grouped together based on the similarities found in authors’ opinions, research and/or results. The next section discusses the ideas of micro and macro ethics; first defining them, illustrating the differences and then explaining how they come into play when examining the link between ethics and design. The following sections of the review, provides examples of formal organizational structures, ethical programs, and the ethical decisions that impacted them. Finally, in the conclusion of the review it summarizes the relationship between business ethics and organizational design, how this relationship impacts business, and what this means for business managers. Introduction To sustain in a global economy, organizations must strategically decide how to divide work and activities and coordinate these activities so that related functions are controlled...
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