...The reason why humans first look for water when they travel to other new planets due to the fact that in order for living organisms to survive in those planets, there needs to be sources of water to sustain life on those planets. If humans can find water on a different planet, then they could make the claim that life could already be on these planets, or that life can be sustained on these planets. My evidence is that in order for life to be sustained on a planet, this planet must contain the six most common elements needed for life, known as SPONCH. SPONCH stands for Sulfur, Phospherous, Oxygen, Nitrogen, Carbon, and Hydrogen. Hydrogen as well as Oxygen are both required in order for water molecules to be formed, which means that these six elements should be found and attainable on these planets in order for them to be very sustainable for any forms of life to be able to actually live on...
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...Merth Undefined sample was found on a new planet called Merth. New sample from that new planet shows characteristics of life. This living thing is made up of units called cells. Other characteristics of life is reproduction, have DNA, grow and develop. Also living things obtain and use materials and energy, respond to their environment, maintain a stable internal environment and change over time. In order for a sample to be a living thing it needs to have those characteristics of life. Since the sample have those characteristics of live it can be classified and a living thing. One of eight characteristics of live is that is shows evidence of cellular organization. The sample dose shows evidence of cellular organization. In the sample there is vacuole which store material such as water salts and proteins. Other organelle is cell membrane which regulate what enters and leaves the cell. Also the living organelle is multicellular...
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...Geology Notes Origin of Planet Earth and Solar System: * Earth as a unique planet 1. Presence of a “hydrosphere”/ there’s liquid water/ makes life possible 2. Presence of a life supporting atmosphere/ there’s oxygen: not too much, not too little (too much oxygen results in fires) 3. Distance from the sun/ controls overall temperature of planet, Goldilocks Zone: not too hot, not too cold/ also controls composition of planet * Terrestrial Planets- Mercury, Venus, Earth, Mars, Asteroid Belt (all relatively small and rocky) * Jovian Planets- Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, Neptune (huge and gaseous) 4. Size- Dictates gravitational pull (larger body= more gravity)/ gravity holds in atmosphere/ 2 most abundant gasses are hydrogen and helium/ cooling rate of planet- over time interior of planets cool down (smaller planet cools quicker, larger planet cools slower) 5. Presence of an internal heat engine- breakdown of radioactive substances gives off heat, causing interior of Earth to be hot/ due to internal heat engine, we have: earthquakes and volcanoes (most abundant material ejected form volcanoes is water * Basic observations of our solar system 1. Jovian vs. Terrestrial planets 2. All planets revolve around sun in same direction 3. All planets and our sun are coplanar/ lie along same imaginary surface in space 4. All planets and our sun have a common age of formation, 4.6 billion years ago The Nebular Hypothesis: Formation of solar system ...
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...based on what we know from studying life on Earth Is it reasonable to imagine life beyond Earth? * Prior to the 20th century, for example, some scientists guessed that Venus might harbor a tropical paradise -> this guess was based on little more than the fact that Venus is covered by clouds and closer than Earth to the Sun * Mars was the subject of even more intense debate, largely because a handful of scientists thought they saw long, straight canals on the surface * These canals, which don’t actually exist, were cited as evidence of a Martian civilization * Why has scientific interest in life beyond Earth exploded in the past few decades? * Although large, multi-cellular life in our solar system seems unlikely anywhere but on Earth, new discoveries in both planetary science and biology have given us some reason to think that simpler life – perhaps tiny microbes – might yet exist on other planets and moons that orbit our Sun * We have only...
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...The Lowell Observatory did not concentrate wholly on Mars; “his other planetary observations - of Venus, Mercury, and Saturn - were also useful.” (Bruce Bond). Consequently, Slipher came to the observatory as a temporary assistant and he made a significant discoveries which is “how to measure the expansion of the universe.” (Bruce Bond). Then, Christopher Crockett in “Pluto: Explored. (Cover Story)” said that on February 18, 1930, the astronomer Clyde Tombaugh discovered new planet. Clyde Tombaugh discovered the dwarf planet Pluto from the Lowell Observatory in Flagstaff,...
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...The Planet of Aliens An alien is what we know to be something that is not native to planet earth, also known as an extraterrestrial life form. Although I do not believe that the green, one-eyed, Hollywood-influenced alien exists, I do believe that there are living organisms on other planets in this universe. The universe is so large that it is next to impossible to be able to examine every aspect of it, as we are still discovering new species here on earth. I do not believe that Aliens have not come to our planet; however, I do believe that there is life on other planets. As Joshua Kennon once wrote: Add in the possibility of multiple, or even infinite dimensions, which means entire civilizations could exist on a planet like Earth right alongside us without us knowing it, throw in the nature of time and time travel as it interacts with gravitational forces like black holes, and the concept exceeds the human mind’s ability to grasp. (Kennon) I agree with Kennon because if there are billions of stars in the universe, there has to be one relatively similar to that of the sun, and also a planet revolving around it the same distance away as earth is to the sun. Due to this assumption, there must be some planet somewhere with conditions similar to those of earth. I do not believe that in our solar system there is one however because the planets that are in our system are either too far or too close to the sun for life to be maintained. In another solar system there must be...
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...through the submission box provided in the Assessments page on Moodle. You can submit in a range of file formats (MS Word, WordPerfect, PDF, Postscript, HTML, RTF and plain text). Essay Topics — Choose one of the following 1. History of Radio Telescopes Describe the development of single dish radio telescopes and advantages of radio interferometers. Discuss major discoveries that were possible after detection of radio waves from space and how they changed our understanding of Universe. 2. The Earliest Evidence for Life Review the earliest evidence for life on Earth. What form does the evidence take and where is it found. Discuss the controversies relating to some of this evidence and give your conclusion on the earliest date at which we can be confident that life was present on Earth. 3. Atmosphere Evolution on Rocky Planets Compare evolution of atmosphere on Earth, Venus and Mars, and explain differences in current atmospheric conditions on these planets. Describe how the Earth’s atmosphere helped life to originate, survive and develop, and how has life affected the atmosphere over time. 4. Life in Extreme Conditions Explain what extremophile life forms are and where they are found on Earth. In view of what we have learnt about extremophiles discuss the possibility of extraterrestrial life in different places of our Solar system. 5. Key Space Missions Choose ONE of the following space missions and give an account of the mission describing the challenges...
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...they do not exist. Extraterrestrials are any form of life that does not originate, or did not originate from Earth. When people think of aliens, they imagine creatures like Megamind, E.T., and many others that they have seen on television or read about in fiction books. What people really forget is that life can be as simple as an individual cell, or a microbe; so when asked, without thinking, many people say they do not believe in the possibility of life elsewhere. Over the years, scientists have dedicated a significant amount of their life looking for any type of evidence. There is a great possibility of extraterrestrial life existing on other planets as is evidenced by the history of the universe, the extant research, and the expanse of the universe. The past of the universe substantiates the possibility of aliens living on other worlds. In order to find the proof of life, the scientists have intensely studied planet Mars. About 16 million years ago, the collision of an asteroid with Mars blasted martian rocks in space; Earth’s gravity attracted one of these rocks and it landed in Antarctica. The rock sample from Mars was named ALH84001. Attached to it the scientists found, “fossilized (stone-like) microscopic shapes that strongly resemble living and fossil Earth bacteria” (Nardo 26). It is actually possible that the rock could have contained the bacteria from Mars. The reason is the fact that Mars used...
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...Life on Mars Mars (Greek: Ares), our fourth planet in the Solar system, is named after the ancient roman god of war, Mars. People also called it the “Red Planet” as its surface if covered by iron oxide (loose dust and rock) which gives it a red bright rust colour surface appearance. During the Solar System's formation, Mars was created out of the protoplanetary disk. Also, Mars has two moons: Phobos and Deimos. Mars’ size is relatively smaller than our Earth and approximately half the size of the Earth; therefore, it takes longer to orbits the Sun (about two Earth years). Mars also has a surface area about the same as the land surface area of Earth. The Earth is about nine times more massive than Mars. Truly, there are some similarities between Mars and Earth which kept our interest to discover this mystery planet over decades. For example, Mars have a relatively thin atmosphere similar to Earth’s. Its atmosphere contains oxygen, carbon dioxide, nitrogen and argon, but proportionally different to our Earth. Moreover, it has similar observable features like volcanoes, valleys, deserts and polar ice caps. Mars’ seasonal cycles are likewise similar to those of Earth as well. These integrated features give rise to our suspect about the past or existing presence of life and many more questions related to its history. As Mars is the neighbour of Earth, its history of ideas about the presence of life has been a controversy issue over decades. Therefore, the research...
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...torical Analysis “Can Life Exist on Other Planets” Professor Danny Faulkner is the speaker in his article “Can Life Exist on Other Planets” and it summarizes the evolution of life on Earth and how we would need liquid water the gold standard to live and thrive on another planet. Faulkner’s purpose is to propose the idea of life on other planets by providing information of the evolution on Earth, searching for life on Mars, the need for liquid water, and the planets in our solar system's attributes. He acknowledges an informative tone to provide information of life existing on other planets for the audience. Faulkner begins to explain the broad definition of abiogenesis, the spontaneous appearance of life from a nonliving matter. He implies “if life did arise on Earth by itself, it would be inconceivable that this is the only planet upon which there is life”(Faulkner 7-8). He describes life on Earth as abiogenesis. If Earth were the only place that held life it would be a very “special” place; the definitive response from Faulkner suggests the evolution of life on Earth would support life on other planets. According to Lloyd Bitzer, exigence used for this article is that if life was found on other planets than ours. We would have a portion of people wanting to destroy...
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...of life on Earth, the prospect of life on other planets becomes even more intriguing. Discoveries show that the possiblity is greater that life does exist.Scientists have discovered microbes that are resilient to levels of heat, cold, salt, acidity, and radiation that would kill humans. Some of these so-called "extremophiles" have been found thriving in complete darkness, in parched deserts and even miles below ground. So, they would be more easily adaptive to not so harsh situation on other planets. The most basic requirement of life on Earth is the presence of liquid water. Water is important to life because, in liquid form, it is an excellent medium for carrying chemical and biological compounds. It is also stable as a liquid over a wide temperature range, a temperature range that (conveniently) accommodates a wide range of biological processes. In identifying places where life may exist, astrobiologists are looking for signs of water, particularly in liquid form.Saturn's moon, Titan is a perfect candidate: the discovery of evidence of liquid water-ammonia on Titan provides the potential for life-bearing polar fluids outside what is normally regarded as the habitable zone. Astronomers have discovered a new planet called Gliese 581 c.It is the most Earth-like planet ever found. It orbits a star and may have habitats capable of supporting life. Various discoveries are made which reminds us how close we are of getting planets like earth. But still we don't have...
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...debated topics in America today is Global Warming. Regardless of whether or not it is fact or fiction, the American public needs to pay more attention to growing scientific evidence, and make a greater attempt to ensure a prosperous future. I. The Problem A. The Problems Are Just Beginning B. Man Is Having An Affect II. The Ecosystem A. The Domino Affect B. A Few Degrees Of Consequence III. Not Just Hot Air A. Crying Wolf B. Uninformed Public IV. The Real Problems A. Short Term Ideals B. Selfish Americans C. Religion D. Big Bussiness V. What Can Be Done A. Think Long Term Global Warming: Fact or Fiction? Most skeptics of Global Warming have said and will say again, “The earth has taken care of itself for millions of years. It goes through cycles from time to time. It doesn’t matter what humans do, Mother Nature is stronger than us all.” Although these opinions have some truth and relevance in the argument against the reality of Global Warming and its effects on the planet, it also seems incredibly short sighted to not explore the emerging data that has continued to grow in recent years supporting the idea that humans do indeed have an affect on how the planet and her inhabitants will continue to live and grow in the years to come. With advances in technology measuring these effects more accurately and faster than ever before, it is...
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...Stedman 1 ! Jack Stedman February 15, 2015 Ms. Rindler Exploratory Essay Should we be worried about abrupt climate change and the resulting effects? Climate change is an issue that has been the talk of the last decade. It is an issue of great concern, and in my opinion there should be more news coverage and awareness of what is happening on our planet. In a study done by the China Center for Climate Change Communication (jointly established by the Research Center for Journalism and Social Development of Renmin University and Oxfam Hong Kong) where they called and surveyed 4,000 Chinese adults they reported that "93 percent of respondents say they know at least a little about climate change. 11 percent say they know a lot, 54 percent know something, and 28 percent know just a little about it. 7 percent have never heard of climate change"(Kim 319). Personally, I find this to be abysmal. I feel it should be educated in every school. In this essay, however, we will explore whether we have to be worried as to what is going to happen to our home planet, Earth. In the article, Storm Warnings: Extreme Weather Is a Product of Climate Change, from Scientific American, the author, John Carey, explores the effects that climate change has had on our weather. John Carey is a freelance science writer and editor. He was the senior correspondent for Business Week magazine for 20 years. This article is the first part of a three-part series, and Carey goes on to explain that in the past few years...
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... Yet, almost all of them end up being IFOs – Identified Flying Objects, as bright planets or stars, aircraft, balloons, flares, peculiar clouds, meteors, and satellites. The remaining sightings are hard to confirm due to the lack of photographic taken, inaccurate reporting, or delusions. Some people have given evidences to support the appearance of the UFOs, arguing that there is a conspiracy to hide the truth. The paper deals with UFOs phenomenon, which is an unexplained aerial event that has happened for a long time. It discusses the evidences of UFOs’ existence and the question of whether we are not alone in this universe as well as the theories surrounding these aerial events. 2. Discussion of findings 2.1. The Evidences For centuries, the UFOs reports have been familiar with people throughout the world. According to UN (2011), it is estimated that since 1947, about 150 million people have witnessed the UFO phenomenon and most of the reports from these people are general sighting. Many picture and video have been taken and recorded to be the evidence of this unexplained aerial event, however, this type of evidence is not convincing enough and hard to confirm due to the lack of the photographic quality, technical problems and photoshop. So if UFOs exist, do they leave some physical evidence? The answer is yes, they do. The first type of physical evidence is radar evidence. With so many radar tracking systems...
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...developed advanced methods for predicting astronomical events such as eclipses. They made careful observations for their calendars and religious reasons, but never attempted to explain the phenomena they witnessed. The Babylonians called Mars Nergal - the great hero, the king of conflicts. The Egyptians were the first to notice that the stars seem "fixed" and that the sun moves relative to the stars. They also noticed five bight objects in the sky (Mercury, Mars, Venus, Jupiter, and Saturn) that seemed to move in a similar manner. They called Mars Har Decher - the Red One. Greeks called the planet Ares after their god of war, while the Romans called it Mars. Its sign is thought to be the shield and sword of Mars” (NASA, 2015). Mars is the fourth planet from the sun and referred to as the god of War. The planet probably got this name due to its red color; Mars is sometimes referred to as the Red Planet. Mars has been known since prehistoric times, and of course, it has been extensively studied with ground-based observatories. But even very large telescopes find Mars a difficult target, it's just too small. It is still a favorite of science fiction writers as the most favorable place in the Solar System (other than Earth!) for human habitation. “The first person to watch Mars with a telescope was Galileo Galilei, and in the century after him, astronomers discovered its polar ice caps. In the 19th and 20th centuries, researchers...
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