Free Essay

Example

In: Business and Management

Submitted By swatisighal
Words 721
Pages 3
Evidence-based policy-making offers the potential to strengthen the quality and effectiveness of environmental policy at each stage of the policy cycle.

Introduction:
According to Davies, 2004, the evidence decision making policy is the approach that helps the masses informed about the decision, policies, programme and project by putting the evidences in the policy and making it the heart of the policy development and the implementation. Evidence based policy making is that approach that promotes the particular method for producing particular evidence in the process of the policy making. It helps in assessing the policy, in term of what works. The evidence based policy making is about 10 years old. And it is used widely by the government in its environment policy making. It is generally consider that the policy Making based on the evidence is generally a good process. But this practice is very challenging and is still evolving. The link between the researcher and the policy maker is still need to be stronger, as it is required that the policy maker should tell the demand of the evidence in much advance and the researcher should be able to do it routinely. But still it is the area of weakness.
Policies are all around us and indirectly or directly they affect many aspect of our life often we ask our self that what is the procedure of formation of these policies, why politicians have decided to implement that policy, and not another one. In formation of any policy some international agreement, the laws and agreement, a macro economic plan and some politician’s interest may involve. In last few years citizens becoming an active part in the policies do not wait some obscure decision for top down, but they wish to know and to be informed about the decisions of government and their action. They also want to receive the explanation before accepting any decision. In present context public is not a subject but an active part in democracy in this sense public participation have become crucial for continuation of democratic process as well as to avoid opposition phenomena. That is why now policy making is more accountable and evidence based rather than based on supported opinions. In 1997 the concept of evidence based policy making was introduce. The idea of creating polices on the bases of available research and knowledge on the specific issue is not new however we need to deepens into the concept and its peculiarity.
Chart
In this paper it is discussed the evidence based policy making effectiveness and strength in terms of environment policies. The two environment policies are discussed in detail to have a clear picture of the topic. 1. Waste to resource policy: Environment protection (waste to resources) 2010-2011 has been introduces by authority of the UK. That includes six part and five schedules related to management of waste in such a way that they optimise up to the level of resources. This policy also refers the safe collection handling recycle and reuse of domestic as well as bio medical waste.
Table------------
The objective of this policy is to achieve the economical and sustainable waste management by applying the waste management hierarchy consistently with the principles of ecology.
In order to meet the waste management objective we should promote best practise an accountable waste management, however we should not avoid the regional differences within the state because the quality and quantity of waste vary from location to location. The evidence based management policy (waste to resource) includes effective recording, monitoring and reporting system with respect to waste transport, resource recovery and waste disposal. In addition, it should also promote environmental responsibility, waste minimization and waste management within the community by promoting and education of people about waste management practises.
Local trends of waste generation in UK: Nearly 12 million tonnes of waste was generated and processed by environment agency in year 2009. In which about 3.3 million tonnes (28%) of this total was inert waste while only two lack tonnes (2%) was hazardous waste. The majority of hazardous waste was waste water which was treated by using asbestos. UK has to permit hazardous land site and the non hazardous site with the capacity to dispose of capacity. To dispose of stable non reactive hazardous waste

2. Clean air act amendment.

Similar Documents

Free Essay

Community Issues

...being un-supervised. Other people in the community speed over the limit posted and children play there and may be hit or injured. Even though the children play in the street it cause a safety risk to drivers that don’t speed or drive wreck less do to the children running in and out of the streets without looking for cars. The children are our future and they need to be protected. When a person is looking to buy a future home they want to see a nice neighborhood that looks respectable and not as if it’s a bad neighborhood. The appearance of a home in my belief can say a lot about the people who live there. Someone who takes care of their home for example pressure washing, not trash in yard, paint nicely applied. Also there are some resident that don’t have the money but the residents should do as much as they can. To give an example of this a resident in my neighborhood has fixed the garage door which is tilted half way closed and it’s not very appealing. The appearance of a residents lawn as well as home its self make a community. A yard or lawn care should at the minimum have the grass mowed. The plants should be not over grown or deceased. Living in Florida the grass isn’t always...

Words: 519 - Pages: 3

Free Essay

Stress

...The poor people usually depends of this places for basic things like food or sleep,without that help some of them don`t survive winter. Most of these institutions exist thanks to donations made it by average people and not government assistance. Every day there is more people living on the streets and the help is simply not enough, even when these kind of institutions exist. The people which suffer of poverty even when we see them like a kind of dog in the street, they are human and they want a decent life like normal people. Is normal to say that those poor people are living on the streets by their own choice, but like I said before, that is ignorance. That people suffer a lot of things, even things that we never going to feel, for example the hungry . The sad of these situations is that most of these people is...

Words: 485 - Pages: 2

Free Essay

Artificial Inteligence Problems

...Search Quiz ICS171 Name___________ ID____________ No text, no notes, no questions. Do the best that you can on each question. No questions will be answered about the quiz questions. If you think a question is ambiguous, write your interpretation and answer your modified question. Be reasonable. The following abbreviations are used: BF = branching factor, DFS = depth first search, BFS = breadth first search, IDS = iterative deepening search, A* = A* search, LI = local improvement search, HC = hill-climbing search. [pic] 1. For the 8-tile puzzle, what is the average branching factor, assuming the blank is equally likely to occur in any position. Show your work. (4*2 + 4*3 +1*4)/9 = 24/9 = 2 & 2/3. 2. Suppose that you are solving the 8-tile puzzle where it has solution. Which of the methods (DFS, BFS, IDS) is guaranteed to find a solution, assuming no computational limits are reached. List all that are correct. DFS, BFS, IDS 3. For the same puzzle, which of the methods (DFS,BFS,IDS) is guaranteed to find the shortest solution? List all that are correct. BFS, IDS 4. For the same puzzle, which methods are guaranteed to use no more than O(BF * length of solution) amount of memory. DFS, IDS 5. Suppose you apply the A* algorithm to the same problem. You decide to let f = current cost of the path. Would it be appropriate to let h = 0 for all states? Yes or no and why. ...

Words: 504 - Pages: 3

Free Essay

Examples of Examples

...EXAMPLES EXAMPLES EXAMPLES EXAMPLES EXAMPLES EXAMPLES EXAMPLES EXAMPLES EXAMPLES EXAMPLES EXAMPLES EXAMPLES EXAMPLES EXAMPLES EXAMPLES EXAMPLES EXAMPLES EXAMPLES EXAMPLES EXAMPLES EXAMPLES EXAMPLES EXAMPLES EXAMPLES EXAMPLES EXAMPLES EXAMPLES EXAMPLES EXAMPLES EXAMPLES EXAMPLES EXAMPLES EXAMPLES EXAMPLES EXAMPLES EXAMPLES EXAMPLES EXAMPLES EXAMPLES EXAMPLES EXAMPLES EXAMPLES EXAMPLES EXAMPLES EXAMPLES EXAMPLES EXAMPLES EXAMPLES EXAMPLES EXAMPLES EXAMPLES EXAMPLES EXAMPLES EXAMPLES EXAMPLES EXAMPLES EXAMPLES EXAMPLES EXAMPLES EXAMPLES EXAMPLES EXAMPLES EXAMPLES EXAMPLES EXAMPLES EXAMPLES EXAMPLES EXAMPLES EXAMPLES EXAMPLES EXAMPLES EXAMPLES EXAMPLES EXAMPLES EXAMPLES EXAMPLES EXAMPLES EXAMPLES EXAMPLES EXAMPLES EXAMPLES EXAMPLES EXAMPLES EXAMPLES EXAMPLES EXAMPLES EXAMPLES EXAMPLES EXAMPLES EXAMPLES EXAMPLES EXAMPLES EXAMPLES EXAMPLES EXAMPLES EXAMPLES EXAMPLES EXAMPLES EXAMPLES EXAMPLES EXAMPLES EXAMPLES EXAMPLES EXAMPLES EXAMPLES EXAMPLES EXAMPLES EXAMPLES EXAMPLES EXAMPLES EXAMPLES EXAMPLES EXAMPLES EXAMPLES EXAMPLES EXAMPLES EXAMPLES EXAMPLES EXAMPLES EXAMPLES EXAMPLES EXAMPLES EXAMPLES EXAMPLES EXAMPLES EXAMPLES EXAMPLES EXAMPLES EXAMPLES EXAMPLES EXAMPLES EXAMPLES EXAMPLES EXAMPLES EXAMPLES EXAMPLES EXAMPLES EXAMPLES EXAMPLES EXAMPLES EXAMPLES EXAMPLES EXAMPLES EXAMPLES EXAMPLES EXAMPLES EXAMPLES EXAMPLES EXAMPLES EXAMPLES EXAMPLES EXAMPLES EXAMPLES EXAMPLES EXAMPLES EXAMPLES EXAMPLES EXAMPLES EXAMPLES EXAMPLES EXAMPLES EXAMPLES EXAMPLES EXAMPLES EXAMPLES EXAMPLES EXAMPLES...

Words: 981 - Pages: 4

Free Essay

Data Structures

...Data Structures & Algorithms Coursework Assignment 1 Q1. (a) Algorithm swap(x, y): Node n head While (n.getNext () != x ) do n n.getNext() Node v y.getNext () n.setNext(y) y.setNext(x) x.setNext(v) (b) Algorithm swap Doubly(x, y): DNode n x.getPrev() DNode v y.getPrev() n.setNext(y) y.setPrev(n) y.setNext(x) x.setPrev(y) x.setNext(v) v.setPrev(x) (c) The run time complexity for the singled linked algorithm is O (n) and for the doubly linked algorithm is O (1). Doubly linked list has the best time complexity. Time complexity in singly linked list take more time because we have to move from head to the node before x Q2. (b) RedBlueStack implements Stack{ protected Object A[]; Int capacity; int top = -1; RedBlueStack(int cap) { A = new Object [capacity]; capacity = cap; } int size() { return (top + 1); } void push(Object obj) throws FullStackException { if (size() == capacity) throws new FullStackException("Stack is full."); A[++top] = obj; } Object top() throws EmptyStackException { if (isEmpty()) throws new EmptyStackException("Stack is empty."); return A[top]; } Boolean isEmpty() { return (top < 0); } Object top() throws EmptyStackException { if (isEmpty()) throws new EmptyStackException("Stack is empty."); return A[top]; }  Object pop() throws EmptyStackException { Object elem; if (isEmpty()) throws new EmptyStackException("Stack...

Words: 551 - Pages: 3

Premium Essay

Example

...students in AIS courses have already taken a survey computer class, the discussions here are brief. This chapter may nonetheless serve as a review of computer hardware and software concepts or as a study of how IT helps organizations accomplish strategic accounting goals. It is helpful to view an accounting information system as a set of five interacting components: (1) hardware, (2) software, (3) data, (4) people, and (5) procedures. Computer hardware is probably the most tangible element in this set, but ‘‘hardware’’ is only one piece of the pie—and not necessarily the most important piece. For example, most organizations spend more money on people (in wages and salaries) than on computer hardware and software combined. Similarly, computer hardware must work together with the other system components to accomplish data processing tasks. Without computer software, for example, the hardware would stand idle. Without data to process, both the hardware and the software would be useless. Without procedures, accounting data could not be gathered accurately or distributed properly. And finally, without people, it is doubtful that the rest of the system could operate for long or be of much use. What all this means is that ‘‘information technology’’ is a fuzzy term that includes more than computer hardware. In this chapter, we concentrate on computer hardware (in the next three sections of the chapter) and software (in the final section). But you should remember that these...

Words: 306 - Pages: 2

Free Essay

Example

...11/5/2004 Noise Margins 1/12 Noise Margins The transfer function of a digital inverter will typically look something like this: vO V+ d vO = −1 dv I Transition Region d vO = −1 dv I vO = f (vI ) I III II V+ vI Note that there are essentially three regions to this curve: I. The region where vI is relatively low, so that the output voltage vO is high. II. The region where vI is relatively high, so that the output voltage vO is low. III. The transition region, where the input/output voltage is in an indeterminate state (i.e, an ambiguous region between high and low. Jim Stiles The Univ. of Kansas Dept. of EECS 11/5/2004 Noise Margins 2/12 Note that the transition region is rather arbitrarily defined by the points on the transfer function where the magnitude of the slope is greater than one (i.e., where d vO dv I > 1.0 ). Although this transfer function looks rather simple, there are actually several parameters that we use to characterize this transfer function—and thus characterize the digital inverter as well! 1. First of all, let’s consider the case when vI=0. The output of the digital inverter in this condition is defined as VOH (i.e., OH “output high”), i.e.: VOH vO when v I = 0 Thus, VOH is essentially the “ideal” inverter high output, as it is the output voltage when the inverter input is at its ideal low input value vI=0. Typically, VOH is a value just slightly less than supply voltage V+. 2. Now, let’s consider the...

Words: 1599 - Pages: 7

Premium Essay

Example

...International American University Shaping tomorrow’s leaders today! General Course Policies supplement this syllabus and are available through IAU Online as a digital soft copy. Please make sure that you review the General Course Policies so that you can be successful in this course. 4201 Wilshire Blvd., Suite #610 ♦ Los Angeles, CA 90010, CA, U.S.A. ♦ T: (323) 938-4428 ♦ F: (323) 938-4-4429 ♦ E: www.iau.la MGT 620a Operations Management & Supply Chain Syllabus Class Details Name: Email: Phone: Room: Method: Steve B. Young, Ph.D. (A.B.D.) syoung18@verizon.net (818) 360-6115 LA-Classroom C Hybrid Term/Year: Days: Time: Start Date: End Date: Spring Session 1 / 2015 Wednesdays 6:00pm-10:00pm January 05, 2015 February 27, 2015 Instructor’s Biography Steve Young graduated from Western Michigan University with a Bachelor of Science in Engineering and Business. He spent time as an HR director and consultant with many Aerospace firms. Steve has worked in numerous management positions for Boeing, Lockheed Martin, Eco Polymers, Hughes, and PM-10 Consultants specializing in the area of Human resource, business management, and business operations. Steve received his MBA from West Coast University with an emphasis in management and is looking to receive his PhD from Walden University in Applied Management and Decision Making with specializations in Organizational Change and Leadership in 2008. Steve is a senior faculty member and has been teaching for the University of Phoenix...

Words: 4036 - Pages: 17

Premium Essay

Example

...Replace this file with prentcsmacro.sty for your meeting, or with entcsmacro.sty for your meeting. Both can be found at the ENTCS Macro Home Page. An Example Paper My Name 1,2 My Department My University My City, My Country My Co-author 3 My Co-author’s Department My Co-author’s University My Co-author’s City, My Co-author’s Country Abstract This is a short example to show the basics of using the ENTCS style macro files. Ample examples of how files should look may be found among the published volumes of the series at the ENTCS Home Page http://www.elsevier.nl/locate/entcs. Key words: Please list keywords from your paper here, separated by commas. 1 Introduction This short note provides a guide to using the ENTCS macro package for preparing papers for publication in your conference Proceedings. The Proceedings may be printed and hard copies distributed to participants at the meeting; this is an option to Conference Organizers may choose to exercise. The Proceedings also will be par of a volume in the series Electronic Notes in Theoretical Computer Science (ENTCS), which is published under the auspices of Elsevier Science B. V., the publishers of Theoretical Computer Science. It’s home page is http://www.elsevier.nl/locate/entcs The ENTCS macro package consists of two files: entcs.cls, the basic style file, and 1 2 3 Thanks to everyone who should be thanked Email: myuserid@mydept.myinst.myedu Email: couserid@codept.coinst.coedu c 2003...

Words: 3426 - Pages: 14

Premium Essay

Example

...Replace this file with prentcsmacro.sty for your meeting, or with entcsmacro.sty for your meeting. Both can be found at the ENTCS Macro Home Page. An Example Paper My Name 1,2 My Department My University My City, My Country My Co-author 3 My Co-author’s Department My Co-author’s University My Co-author’s City, My Co-author’s Country Abstract This is a short example to show the basics of using the ENTCS style macro files. Ample examples of how files should look may be found among the published volumes of the series at the ENTCS Home Page http://www.elsevier.nl/locate/entcs. Key words: Please list keywords from your paper here, separated by commas. 1 Introduction This short note provides a guide to using the ENTCS macro package for preparing papers for publication in your conference Proceedings. The Proceedings may be printed and hard copies distributed to participants at the meeting; this is an option to Conference Organizers may choose to exercise. The Proceedings also will be par of a volume in the series Electronic Notes in Theoretical Computer Science (ENTCS), which is published under the auspices of Elsevier Science B. V., the publishers of Theoretical Computer Science. It’s home page is http://www.elsevier.nl/locate/entcs The ENTCS macro package consists of two files: entcs.cls, the basic style file, and 1 2 3 Thanks to everyone who should be thanked Email: myuserid@mydept.myinst.myedu Email: couserid@codept.coinst.coedu c 2003...

Words: 3426 - Pages: 14

Premium Essay

Example

...Procter & Gamble: A Case Study Analysis Abstract Procter & Gamble is a consumer-goods company that began in 1837 and has grown to be a leader of its industry. It has over 800 brands worldwide, 25 of which generate more than 1 billion dollars in sales, including Tide, Downy, Always, Oral B, Crest, Gillette, Febreze, Swiffer, and Duracell. However, in the last 10 years, P&G has experienced a loss of sales. Through an analysis of the company and its history, its visions and goals, a SWOT analysis, and the Porter’s Five Forces Model, the problems Procter & Gamble face will be identified, discussed, and possible solutions and recommendations will be given. Keywords: Procter & Gamble, brands, analysis, consumer-goods Procter & Gamble: A Case Study Analysis Procter & Gamble is a company that specializes in consumer products for households, such as cleaning supplies, hygienic products, and cosmetics. The company has more than 25 recognizable brands that “each generate more than $1 billion in sales”, including Pampers, Downy, Olay, Crest, Febreze, Tide, Braun, Duracell, and Pantene, making P&G one of the most well-known consumer products companies in the world. It has also recently acquired brands such as Gillette, Wella, and Clairol. Although P&G is one of the most recognized enterprises in the world, for the past 6 years, the company has been struggling to keep sales up and increase growth. Through an analysis of the company, these...

Words: 4807 - Pages: 20

Premium Essay

Example

...Sport Psychology Papers University of Amsterdam Index Paper 1: Superstition in Sports Words: 1011 Page: 2-4 Paper 2: Attentional Focus in Motor-Skill Acquisition Words: 1183 Page: 5-8 Paper 3: The Relationship between Emotional Intelligence and Athletic Performance Words: 950 Page: 9-11 Paper 4: Why is there a Home-Court Advantage? Words: 1110 Page: 12-14 Paper 1: Superstition in Sports In sports weird rituals and superstitions are not uncommon and if they lead to success they are even respected. For example, Johan Cruijff played his whole career with shirt number 14. Besides, he always left the dressing room last, followed by tapping the goalkeeper in his belly and spitting out is gum over the middle line just before the whistle. Many athletes develop comparable illusionary pattern perceptions, such as crossing their fingers or carrying a lucky charm (Vyse, 1997; Wiseman, & Watt, 2004, cited from cited from Damisch, Stoberock, & Mussweiler, 2010). However, it is questionable if superstition is useful because it is based on irrational beliefs that logically unrelated objects, actions, or circumstances positively influence performance. This paper will answer the question if and why superstition improves performance. First, the purpose of superstition is will be explained and subsequently the effects of superstition on performance will be discussed. Personal control is understood as a fundamental human motivation (e.g., Heckhausen, & Schulz, 1995;...

Words: 2778 - Pages: 12

Free Essay

Example

...Jacqueline Nock – Team Reflection This week I learned about strategies to help develop effective groups and teams as well as resolving conflict within organizations. This week I also learned about resolving conflicts. An interesting thing I learned about conflict is that it can be either functional or dysfunctional. I learned that conflicts can be resolved by using a mediator, an arbitrator, a conciliator, or a consultant. These are impartial third-party people who are trained to help others resolve their conflicts (Robbins, S. P., & Judge, T. A. (2011), p. 475). I felt comfortable with all the topics discussed this week and didn’t struggle to understand any of them. I work for the local utility company where we have teams to accomplish our projects. In very simple terms, when new gas or electric service is requested, I handle the initial paperwork for new service, another person does the pricing and billing and a technician goes go to the job site to install the meters. As a team, we all do our separate parts to get our customers the utility service they need. Mari Lowry – Team Reflection I thought determining strategies to develop groups and teams were an easy rational way of creating an effective team. Developing groups are a different rational because they are not working towards a common goal but for self-interest only; whereas, a team finds a cohesive path to completing a goal (Robbins, S. P., & Judge, T. A. (2011), These strategies are very...

Words: 627 - Pages: 3

Premium Essay

Example

...This paper is written to gain access onto a site explaining difference between economists, Rostow and Gercshenkron. This paper is written to gain access onto a site explaining difference between economists, Rostow and Gercshenkron. This paper is written to gain access onto a site explaining difference between economists, Rostow and Gercshenkron. This paper is written to gain access onto a site explaining difference between economists, Rostow and Gercshenkron. This paper is written to gain access onto a site explaining difference between economists, Rostow and Gercshenkron. This paper is written to gain access onto a site explaining difference between economists, Rostow and Gercshenkron. This paper is written to gain access onto a site explaining difference between economists, Rostow and Gercshenkron. This paper is written to gain access onto a site explaining difference between economists, Rostow and Gercshenkron. This paper is written to gain access onto a site explaining difference between economists, Rostow and Gercshenkron. This paper is written to gain access onto a site explaining difference between economists, Rostow and Gercshenkron. This paper is written to gain access onto a site explaining difference between economists, Rostow and Gercshenkron. This paper is written to gain access onto a site explaining difference between economists, Rostow and Gercshenkron. This paper is written to gain access onto a site explaining difference between economists, Rostow...

Words: 341 - Pages: 2

Premium Essay

Examples

...Common Title: | 2015 VIOS 1.3BASE MANUAL DOWNPAYMENT 64K ONLY! | Body Style: | Sedan | Price: | PHP 592,000 | Condition: | New | Built: | 2015 | Additional information Transmission: | Manual | Drive Train: | 2WD | Fuel: | Gasoline | Exterior Color: | BLACK | Doors: | 4 | Additional information / Mobile Number: | TOYOTA OTIS RAINY SEASONPROMO! OFWs, Seamen, and persons living outside Metro Manila are very welcome to apply! 2015 VIOS 1.3BASE MANUAL Unit Price P592,000.00 15% Down Payment thru Eastwest Bank and UCPB All-in Promo = Php 64,000 downpayment only! 3yrs. P18,870/mo. 4yrs. P14,903/mo. 5yrs. P12,535/mo. 20% Down Payment thru TFSPH leasing, BDO and PS Bank All-in Promo = Php 80,000 downpayment only! 3yrs. P17,497/mo. 4yrs. P13,892/mo. 5yrs. P11,640/mo. All-in Promo includes the following FREEBIES: -1 Yr Comprehensive Insurance with Acts of Nature -3 Yrs Third Party Liability -3 Yrs LTO Registration -Chattel Mortgage Fee -Tint -Seat Cover -Rust Proof/Under Coat -Toyota Genuine Matting -Early Warning Device -Car Cover - Complete Set of Tools and Jack -10 Liters of Fuel -Toyota Key Chain - Toyota Umbrella -Free Labor on 1st 1K km and 5K km Check-Up HOW TO AVAIL THE PROMO? Step 1: Call/text/email me your email address so I could send you an Application formfor you to fill-up. Approval usually takes 2-3 days. Step 2: While waiting for the approval, you can place a reservation fee for fasterallocation of...

Words: 520 - Pages: 3