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Exp 9

In: Science

Submitted By mkh11
Words 984
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Experiement 9
Melodi Hay
Tuesday 2-3:50pm
October 27, 2014

Purpose: The purpose of the experiment is to study the laws of reflection, refraction, and total internal reflection; to measure the focal lengths of the mirrors with convex and concave surfaces; and to measure the index of refraction of water.

Theory: If a ray of light is incident on a flat surface: the angle of incidence a is the angle that the incident ray makes with respect to the normal, which is a line drawn perpendicular to the surface at the point of incidence. The angle of reflection r is the angle that the reflected ray makes with the normal. The incident ray, the reflected ray, and the normal to the surface all lie in the same plane, called the place of incidence, and the angle of reflection r equals the angle of incidence a – the Law of Reflection describes the behavior of the incident and reflected rays: a = r When light strikes the interface between two transparent materials, such as air and water, the light generally divides into two parts. Part of the light is reflected, with the angle of reflection equaling the angle of incidence. The remainder is transmitted across the interface. If the incident ray does not strike the interface at normal incidence, the transmitted ray has a different direction than the incident ray. The ray that enters the second material is said to be refracted.

When light travels from a material with refractive index a into a material with refractive index b, the refracted ray, the incident ray, and the normal to the interface between the materials all lie in the same plane. The angle of refraction b is related to the angle of incidence a by: na sina = nb sin b

When light passes from a medium of large refractive index into one of small refractive index, such as water to air, the refracted ray bends away from the normal. As the angle of incidence

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