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Expectancy Theory

In: Business and Management

Submitted By devil1334
Words 431
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I. Three Concepts
For equity theory, people compare their pay, reward with others and see if they are fair or not. If a worker feels that the other people treat he/she equally with others, the worker might satisfy and does not change behavior, otherwise he/she will look for changing. The important thing is inequity, and it can be positive or negative. If positive, it might increase their motivation to work. if negative, they might not want to work hard.
Then, the expectancy theory focuses on what people expectation influence their motivation. if a person have a high expectancy for they work, he/she would spend more time on the work which mean increasing their motivation. if they think the work do not have good offer, they will decrease their workload (motivation).
Goal-Setting theory seems like making a plan. People set their goal and it will motivate them to achieve the goal. if a worker have a goal that to get promotion, he/she might work hard and let other people seeing them to get promotion. it mean that they have high motivation. if they do not have goal, they just want to remain the same and low motivation.
II. Expectancy Theory
It can be separate in three elements including expectancy, instrumentality, and valence.
Expectancy
People think that they will get certain value of outcome by giving certain amount of effort. For example, a student believes that if he spends more time on his writing, he will write a great essay.
Instrumentality
People think that they can get reward by showing a good performance. For instance, a student thought that he has a great essay. Then, he would think that the professor would give him a good grade.
Valence.
The value of the possible reward assign to certain work.
III. Goal-Setting
Goal is important. If a people have goals, it would make them to have a high motivation to achieve their goal. It causes people to have

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