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Fatherly Duties

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Promoting Responsible Fatherhood Programming: Factors Affecting Low Income Fathers' Involvement in Child Protection Services and Court-Restricted Access to their Children

Fatherhood programs are there to protect against child maltreatment. Child maltreatment is described to be a function of many ecological systems: ontogenetic, microsystems, exosystems, and macrosystems. Ontogenetic factors (individual) refer to fathers with criminal records. It has been documented that over 600,000 men are released from prison every year. Researchers have shown fathers with criminal history can have a positive affect on their child's life. Fathers released from incarceration want involved in their child's development because of the motivation. Studies suggest that parental involvement after incarceration has positive effects for both the parent and the child. Substance use in fathers has been documented to increase the risk of physical abuse and neglect. It was documented that 206 serious chold maltreatment cases have been reported has been involved with substance use. The more drugs the father is indicated to use, the greater the likelihood the reporting of CPS involvement. Child sexual abuse has been described as a long lasting vulnerability risk factor for child maltreatment. In the microsystem factors (family), intimate partner violence or male violence against their female partner is a risk factor for child maltreatment. It is documented that men who engaged in more than one aggressive acts towards their spouses were also more violent and abusive to their children. Positive parental involvement is another factor of microsystems. It involves behaviors like effectively communicating with their children and reinforcing positive behavior. These behaviors have been shown to support their healthy development, when integrated into a consistent pattern. Studies

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