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Federal Bureau of Investigation

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Criminal Investigation can be defined as an authorized effort to uncover information on a crime. It can also be the process by which discovering, collecting, preparing, identifying, and presenting evidence can determine what happened and who is responsible. Some goals of criminal investigators can be to determine whether a crime has been committed, legally obtain information and evidence to identify the responsible person, arrest the suspect, recover stolen property and resent the best possible case to the prosecutor. While all these investigations take place many different special operation units and federal agencies intervene in the cases. The Federal Bureau of Investigation is a unit that handles financial crime, violent crime, organized crime, public corruption, violations of individual civil rights, and drug-related crimes. They are a unit that has been around for a long time and has helped solve many cases. “The Federal Bureau of Investigation was founded in 1908 when the Attorney General appointed an anonymous force of 34 Special Agents to be investigators for the Department of Justice. Before that, the DOJ had to borrow agents from the U.S. Secret Service. In 1909, the Special Agent Force was renamed the Bureau of Investigation, and after countless name changes, it became The Federal Bureau of Investigation in 1935. When the FBI was established, there were not an abundance of federal crimes, so it investigated criminal acts that dealt with national banking, bankruptcy, naturalization, antitrust, peonage, and land fraud. In June of 1910, the FBI grew larger because the "Mann Act" (Made it a crime to transport women to other states for immoral reasons). The FBI could now prosecute people whom tried to flee over states lines. Due to its continued worth and effectiveness, the FBI's number grew to over 300 special agents and 300 support employees over the next few years” (History of the FBI. 2003. August) The Federal Bureau of Investigation is the chief investigating branch of the United States Department of Justice. The FBI is responsible for investigating 260 kinds of federal offenses. The agents collect information about individuals or groups that the agency believes to be a threat to our nation’s security. The investigators that compile the information are called FBI agents. The agency is headquartered in Washington, D.C. and has sixty offices located throughout the United States and Puerto Rico.
FBI agents are responsible for investigating crimes such as assaults on the President, bank robberies and kidnappings. Additionally, they investigate other crimes such as stolen property, stolen vehicles and crimes against victims when state lines are crossed. The bureau fights organized crimes and pursues criminals who cross state lines while fleeing capture. They work closely with the Drug Enforcement Agency (DEA) to curb drug trafficking and curtail distribution of illegal drugs. The main function of an agent is to gather information.
Within the process of criminal investigation both the patrol officers and detectives divide the investigation into preliminary investigation and follow up investigation. “Preliminary investigation is when patrol officers collect information at crime scenes and write incident reports describing what they learned (Myers B. Laura, Myers J. Larry, Samaha Joel, 09-10 page 78) According to (Myers B. Laura, Myers J. Larry, Samaha Joel, 09-10 page 78) “police departments and prosecutors rely heavily on incident reports in deciding whether to continue the criminal process”. As for a follow-up investigation, “detectives conduct an investigation after the preliminary investigation by patrol officers”. (Myers B. Laura, Myers J. Larry, Samaha Joel, 09-10 .page 79) “Most cases are solved by patrol officers already arresting the suspect, detectives identifying suspects before they get the case, and arrested suspects confessing to other crimes they have committed”. (Myers B. Laura, Myers J. Larry, Samaha Joel, 09-10 .page 79)
The FBI contains many missions but, their main focus is to “protect and defend the United States against terrorist and foreign intelligence threats, to uphold and enforce the criminal laws of the United States, and to provide leadership and criminal justice services to federal, state, municipal, and international agencies and partners”. (The Federal Bureau of Investigation Quick facts) They also “focus on threats that challenge the foundations of American society or involve dangers too large or complex for any local or state authority to handle alone”. (The Federal Bureau of Investigation Quick facts)
In order to become an FBI agent there are many different policies and procedures that need to be followed and addressed. All FBI agents go under rigorous training to become an agent. It takes a lot of skill and people who are qualifying for the position need plenty of physical training. For someone to become an FBI agent there is a lot of experience and education that people need in order to apply for this job. There are also many requirements that need to be met before a person decides they want to take on this role. For example, you need to be between the ages of 23-37 and you must be a U.S. citizen. The person must have 20/20 vision in at least one eye, they need to have a bachelor’s degree in a really great college, and they need to major in law, accounting, science, or language. The individual will need to be able to pay special attention when it comes to trying to get a job like this and will have to prepare to have their work to come first. By obtaining a job like this it will become and intervene in your personal life. A person will also learn that they will need to drop whatever they are doing at any given moment. In addition FBI agents will be required to take extremely hard written tests and will have to take very strict background checks As well as four months of extreme conditioning. Agents that work for the FBI agency are very intelligent, fit, and sharp. They will be expected to be able to use deadly force. As well as carry a gun with themselves everywhere they go. The first 2-4 years they will be sitting at a desk writing up reports.
Once a person completes the training program they will be assigned to a department according to their primary skills observed during the training program. There are different departments within the FBI which deal with a surplus of crime related activities. A person might get to work on organized crime, public corruption, espionage, bank robbery, kidnapping, etc. Special agents are also required to use firearms while doing their job as a law enforcement officer. They will also have to go through criminal databases during their investigations.
The job profile includes inspecting the crime scene and collecting vital clues that will help solve the crime. Interviewing witnesses also forms a major part of their job description. They also need to interact and share information with other law enforcement agencies like local police department and Interpol. Interrogating suspects and getting statements from them is one of the things that a special agent undertakes during the job. Maintaining records related to crimes and criminals is also a part of their job. The job is also very demanding and the agents are on call 24/7 due to the nature of work. As there are different departments dedicated to solving a specific category of crime, salary for agents depends on the department they work. FBI agents having specialized skills will earn more, as their contribution to the agency is far greater than their counterparts. The pay also depends on the experience of the candidate and the level of education they have.
Overall becoming an FBI agent is a huge responsibility and is a position that should be given to those who are willing to take on the challenge. In order for an individual to take on that role they must attend college and obtain many degrees. A person without any knowledge on this specific field should not be qualified for the position. Someone with physical stability can and will fit the job description with the ability to take on any encounters. Once a person becomes an FBI agent they are automatically a member of a family that takes on great tasks and duties. They then are part of the government and their duty is to protect the United States. In conclusion with crime growing at steadily increasing rate it is not likely that the FBI will phase out.

References Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) (August 2003) History of the FBI http://www.policyalmanac.org/crime/archive/fbi.shtml CJUS (2010)
Quick Facts (The Federal Bureau of Investigation)
http://www.fbi.gov/about-us/quick-facts

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