...captivity. Some of the differences between the two environments are the whales behavior, how they eat, and their dorsal fins. Killer whales are amazing creatures that can live up to 29 years. What exactly determines how long they live? The main factor is usually if they are kept in captivity or in the wild. In the wild, killer whales’ swim up to 100 miles a day. They socialize with other members of their pod and usually have close ties with their families. Most whales are very playful and rely mainly on their hearing. In the wild, whales spend close to 90% of their time under the water. Whales eat various types of fish throughout the day. This animal is around hundreds of different species of marine life throughout a single day. Whales dorsal fins, in the wild, usually stick straight up....
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...Introduction 2. Literature Review: Aquaculture in Algoa Bay 3.1. Fish farming 3.2. Algoa Bay 3.3. Economic Methodology: Cost/Benfit analysis 3. Case Study: Algoa Bay fin fish farming project 4. Analysis and Policy Implications 5. Conclusion 1. Introduction The global level of fish stocks are on an overall decline due to overfishing. Areas within South Africa such as the Eastern Cape Province are considered to be the second greatest producing province of aquaculture commodities. Because of the rich aquaculture within the Eastern Cape, the Departments of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries, through various criteria based on a Strategic Environmental Assessment (SEA), have selected Algoa Bay within the Eastern Cape to introduce fin fish farming. The various fin fish that are intended to be farmed in this area are linked fishery exports that contribute approximately R411 million per annum in the Eastern Cape. Thus study intends to investigate the development proposal aimed at increasing the growth of the aquaculture industry within South Africa as well as conducting an investigation into the economic and environmental issues associated with the introduction of aquaculture within areas such as Algoa Bay. The objectives with the introduction of fish farms are to increase job creation within the area and more importantly to manage the dwindling stocks of wild fin fish. A cost and benefit analysis will be applied to the Algoa Bay case study...
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...January 11, 2013 Fish have a very unique anatomy and physiology so that they can thrive in underwater environments. Fish have a closed circulatory system, in a fish blood flows from the heart, to the gills, to the body and back. Gills are comparable to the lungs of humans but the way they take in oxygen is very different. Water flows over the gills and the gills absorb dissolved oxygen. Fish sense their environment in a number of different ways that are unlike humans. Some fish can smell their environment through their skin in addition to using their nares. Additionally fish can sense electric fields and their environment using a structure called a lateral line. These structures are unique to fish and allow them to perceive their environment and live successfully. Fish maintain their buoyancy through an anatomical structure called a swim bladder. This is like a built in float that can inflate and deflate to help achieve neutral buoyancy at different depths. Some fish have swim bladders; while others that dwell on the bottom of the sea floor, which do not move up and down the water, do not have a swim bladder. The swim bladder also helps the fish to produce sounds. These sounds can be warning and mating signals to other fish. To help fish swim they have a number of fins (dorsal, ventral, pelvic, anal and caudal) and these fins could be rayed or composed of adipose tissue. Some fish have fins that can retract to help reduce drag while swimming and some fish only have a couple...
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...about the Whaling Debate on whether countries should be allowed to continue to hunt whales or should we leave them protected and my beliefs on the subject. This debate has also focused on issues of sustainability and conservation as well as ownership and national sovereignty. Some of the issues included in these debates is the question of cetacean intelligence this refers to the Cetacea order of mammals, which includes whales, porpoises, and dolphins; and the level of suffering which the animals undergo when caught and killed (The Whale Debate: Whale Wars, 2014). Another hot topic in the debate right now is the right to kill a certain amount of whales for scientific research, Japan kills 1000 minke whales a year and about 100 endangered fin and humpback whales. Whales are mammals the same as we are and they are intelligent and have feelings such as pain and a sense of loss. Before I get into my opinion I will list the pros and cons of this particular activity. There are a few of each so I will start with the reasons for whaling, many indigenous people, such as the Inuit’s of Alaska, rely on whales for food and other materials to survive in such harsh environments and they are...
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...” 6. What does this visual want from its viewers? What message does it convey? To make people think about the fact that if an animal is considered “cute” or beautiful everything possible is done to prevent its extinction, and that people need to think about other animals as well. The picture portrays a school of blue-fin tuna in the ocean, but focuses directly on one wearing a panda mask. The text underneath it states, “Would you care more if I was a panda?” We all know that the panda is an endangered species and is near extinction. This visually argues that the blue-fin tuna is also becoming endangered, but with much less worry over the likelihood of extinction of this species. People care more about the panda than this fish. The reason the blue-fin tuna is becoming endangered is likely due to excessive fishing. People are more likely to eat fish rather than eating panda, which is why one of the fish is hiding behind a panda mask. Due to our excessive fishing and consumption of this fish, the blue-fin tuna will most likely become extinct. This is similar to a campaign by People for the Ethical Treatment of Animals, ‘to rename all fish...
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...I hooked up to a monster fish! It jumps, flying into the air like a torpedo! I catch a glimpse of a long bill and a spear-like dorsal fin. I've hooked up to a blue marlin... Or a swordfish. I don't know. These beasts of the ocean have many similar characteristics, foods, and places to live, but one favors some things more than the other. But I do know one thing- they sure do fight hard! Both blue marlins and swordfish are, for the most part, similar, but minor differences set them apart. The ways their bodies are built are very similar. Blue marlins and swordfish are similar in that they both have a streamlined, aerodynamic, body in water, and a long, spear-like crescent dorsal fin. Unlike the blue marlin's tapering dorsal fin, the swordfish's dorsal fin stops abruptly. A blue marlin can reach 14 feet in length and has been recorded to be a whopping 1,985 pounds! A swordfish is longer but not as "bulky" and heavy as a blue marlin, and can reach more than 14.5 feet in length and weigh up to 1,400 pounds. These creatures of the ocean both have long pectoral fins, "side fins," that keep them stable in the water so they don't flip over. Their bills, however, have a minute difference. The blue marlin's bill is rounded at the end, while the swordfish's bill is pointed....
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...Chapter I INTRODUCTION Background of the Study One of the major sources of protein in human diet is fish. In fact, marine animals were assumed by ancient writers to be symbols of good health. However, nowadays, marine animals are far from being representatives of good health. They are subjected to diseases just as much as their terrestrial counterparts. Disease, in fishes, is closely linked to environmental stress. In the wild, they generally have some degree of freedom to modify their environment. They can move to more suitable conditions if faced with a negative environmental change such as a reduction in oxygen level. In culture conditions, on the other hand, they have limited opportunity to choose their external environmental conditions. Most individual fish, may it be in wild or cultivated populations are infected with parasites. The number of parasites necessary to cause harm to the fish varies considerably with the species and size of the host and its health status. Many parasite species are host-specific to at least some degree and are capable of infecting one or only a limited number of host species. Parasites disease of fish (and livestock) reduces the amount of food available to people around the globe. This is why many researchers mention that it is imperative to investigate the relationship between the environmental factors which affects the parasites that affect production and quality. Even today, it remains difficult to convince governments and...
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...How Fish Have Evolved To Become Suited To Its Environment Erica Twilley BIO 101: Principles of Biology October 30, 2012 Angela Romo, Facilitator University of Phoenix Fantasy Literature and Fantastic Language Fish are aquatic organisms that have several features that allow them to survive in their environment. All fish have fins, which help them keep going in a specific direction by guiding them and providing thrust. Their bodies are streamlined to help reduce friction as they swim through the water. Their skeleton is important for this, too. The skeleton provides the framework for the outer structures and the muscles provide the power that allows the fins to thrust them through the water. The hindbrain is responsible for sending the signals for movement and keeping the fish balanced. The swim bladder is also important for swimming. It is a gas-filled organ found in the abdomen of fish that allows the addition or removal of gas to let the fish move up or down in the water. If fish did not have this organ, they would have to keep swimming so that they would not sink. This organ allows them to expend less energy as they adjust the depth at which they want to float. Some fish can use their swim bladder to send or receive sounds. Their eyes allow them to see their prey and predators. The midbrain of the fish is responsible for vision, motor responses, and learning. Gills allow for gas exchange so that they can breathe in the water. The oxygenated blood will be circulated...
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...game fish and taste delicious. Most of the cobia you’ll find in the market comes from aquaculture operations. In the wild, cobia are rarely seen in large groups, so only a small amount is wild-caught. Commercial fishermen do not specifically target cobia and only harvest them incidentally when fishing for other species. China is the leading producer of farmed cobia. Other nations are developing technology to produce cobia, so global production of cobia will likely expand in the future. Ocean-cage operations are under way in Panama, the Bahamas, Vietnam, and Central America. In the United States, a freshwater facility in Virginia is producing and marketing farmed cobia, and research efforts are ongoing to enhance commercial aquaculture of cobia and demonstrate its technical and economic feasibility. LOOKING AHEAD Attaining a maximum length of 2 m (78 in) and maximum weight of 78 kg (172 lb), the cobia has an elongated fusiform (spindle-shaped) body and a broad, flattened head. The eyes are small and the lower jaw projects slightly past the upper. Fibrous villiform teeth line the jaws, the tongue, and the roof of the mouth. The body of the fish is smooth with small scales. It is dark brown in color, grading to white on the belly with two darker brown horizontal bands on the flanks. The stripes are more prominent during spawning, when they darken and the background color lightens. The large pectoral fins are normally carried horizontally, perhaps helping the fish attain...
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...Introduction There are many forms of life that live on the Earth, which means the Earth is diverse. Most forms of life can be put into groups. Some groups would be the kingdom and the order. To be classified in a certain group, the species must consist of some of the same characteristics. All animals can be classified under the Animalia kingdom, which could also be called the Metazoa kingdom. In order to be classified in this kingdom the species must be multi-celled, eukaryotic, rely on other organisms for nourishment, some type of skeletal support, show levels of some type of organization, cells made for particular functions, ingest and digest food, and reproduce sexually. Research will be done on two mammals, two insects, two birds and two fish. This research will show just how diverse the Earth is. Mammals: Zebras and Rabbits Zebras and rabbits belong to the Animal Kingdom; however, they belong to different orders. The zebra belongs to the Perissodactyla order because they have hooves. Horses and donkeys belong to the same order as the zebra. The rabbit belongs to the lagomorpha order because they have long ears and they have four teeth on the upper jaw. Hares and pikas also belong to the same order as the rabbit. There are some similarities and differences in characteristics when it comes to the zebra and the rabbit. The two things they have in common would be that they both graze on grass for food and they both reproduce sexually. One difference would be their...
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...Coral my wife wanted at least one of the kids name to be Nemo. I preferred to keep it simple and wanted to name half of the kids Marlin Jr. and the other half Coral Jr. after both of our names. I really didn’t care at the time and in the back of my mind I liked the name Nemo. Well that evening we were outside our anemone. We just bought the house and we needed a place to raise the kids we were going to happen. We saw a huge fish on the horizon and it seemed hungry from my eyes and I never liked big fish being a little clownfish. I told Coral to get into the house but she didn’t listen she charged for the eggs and the fish did the same. I tried to protect her but the fish knocked me into a big rock and I blacked out. I woke up sometime later in the same position I was in. I was dazed and confused but I recollected my thoughts and got up. I went searching for my wife and the kids but no matter where I looked I couldn’t find them. Then out of the corner of my eye I saw something. It was one of my eggs from earlier. I swam over and picked it up in my fins. I was happy at least there was one of them left so I wasn’t alone. I have had issues in the past with depression and loneliness. So I often made friends since a young age. Without hesitation I gave the egg his name and his name was Nemo. A few years later I was sleeping when Nemo was jumping on my stomach telling me to get up because it was time for school. I got up and told him to get ready although I was worried...
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...pipefishes, stargazer fishes, threadfin fishes, marlins, tunas, sharks, anchovies, moray eels, skates, and rays. Also, dolphins and whales, otters and seals – mammals that can survive (and able to live) in water. And of course, reptiles like turtles that can live up to hundreds of years, snakes, and alligators that can go back and forth to land and water. In general, these fishes in aquatic ecosystems have fins and scales, they utilize their gills for breathing, and obviously, they are cold-blooded. This includes the bony fishes (belonging to Class Osteichthyes), cartilaginous fishes (belonging to Class Chondrichthyes), and the jawless fishes (belonging to Class Agnatha). And they all have spinal columns which makes them “vertebrates”. In some dictionaries, the meaning of “fish” is the meat of a fish eaten as food, which is right. Most people know that fishes are only food – white meat, just like that. There are also people, especially children, that haven’t really seen a fish, a real fish, a live fish with fins, scales, gills, bones, and head. Because when they eat fish in restaurants, only the meat is served on their plates. Consider the context that before fishes could be eaten, they also need to eat first, to grow. Even though they differ in their physical appearance, the common denominator of fishes is...
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...to cross breed two different species of fish in an attempt to combine certain traits of the two species in the offspring. Research suggests that breeding the common swordtail breed aka the Xiphophorus helleri and the common Platy breed aka Xiphophorus maculatus will result in viable offspring that have the swordtail trait.The objective of this experiment is to determine what percentage of offspring will get the swordtail trait. Research Question:When breeding six female platies to two male swordtails how many offspring will have the swordtail trait? Hypothesis: If six sixe female platys bred with two male swordtails then I believe that fifty percent will have the swordtail trait. Background Research Scientific names of fish Kingdom-Animalia Phylum-Chordata Class-Actinoptergii Order-Cyprinodontiformes FamilyPoecilidae Scientific name-Xiphophorus maculatus “platy” Scientific name-Xiphophorus hellerii “green swordtail” (Source:http://www.itis.gov/) Platies are little freshwater 5.1-6.4cm fish that live for 3-5 years they were found in South America and now are household pets. Females have a fan shaped anal fin with wide bellies and a dark gravid spot witch is a sign that they are pregnant and as the fish gets more pregnant the gravid spot becomes darker and darker . Males on the other hand have a rod like anal fin and the fish are smaller than the females. A good ideal living environment these freshwater fish need to have a water temperature of 70-78...
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...place. Although water temperatures can vary widely, aquatic areas tend to be more humid and the air temperature on the cooler side. Marine regions cover about 3/4 of the surface and there are hundreds of different fish to cover each square foot of it. It includes oceans, coral reefs, and estuaries. Marine algae supply much of the world’s oxygen supply and take in a huge amount of atmospheric carbon dioxide. The evaporation of the seawater provides rainwater for the land. Populations of organisms in the marine biome are limited by salt level, light, temperature, water pressure, and nutrients available. Animals found in the Marine: are whales, dolphins, sharks, and seals which are some of the most popular kinds of sea mammals. Also the walrus, star fish, eel, crabs, and lots of other fish also, but this is just a small list compared to the many different kinds of fish that inhabit the biome. In general these fish have about five different adaptations. These adaptations include sleek bodies to cut down on friction when swimming through the water, gills to allow them to breath underwater, eyes on the sides of their heads so they can see enemies coming, fins to help them swim faster, and they have color coded skin to help them hide from their enemies. Most of the small fish are herbivores Along the ocean floor you will find many creatures disguised as plant. While they are truly primitive animals. Some...
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...fisheries, hundreds of miles out to sea. Oceanic fishing fleets target valuable fish such as tuna, using thousands of baited hooks on miles of long-line, and freezing their catch onboard. Unfortunately, long-liners often catch several times as many sharks than they do tuna. Until relatively recently, this shark 'bycatch' was considered a nuisance, and sharks were cut loose and allowed to swim away. However, as shark fins have become increasingly valuable, fewer sharks are being released. Bycatch is often not officially landed at ports, therefore data on the extent of the trade are limited. Traditionally Hong Kong was the centre for shark fin imports, however the economic rise of China has seen an increase in imports through mainland routes making accurate tracking of trade in shark fins more difficult. (We can mention Taiwan too) In small inshore fisheries in tropical countries, sun-drying of fins requires minimal technology and artisanal fishermen are encouraged by shark fin-traders to target local populations of sharks. As a result, even coastal shark populations in the remotest parts of the world are now vulnerable to over-exploitation, and rapid depletion of local shark populations often results from such trading activity. * Finning occurs worldwide and is most common in high seas fisheries * Bycatch is often not officially landed at ports * Traditionally Taiwan was the centre for shark fin imports; however the economic rise of South East Asia as a whole has seen...
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