...Introduction Nearly 80% of the cut flowers we buy in the UK are imported from the Netherlands, Colombia and Kenya. The world's largest flower-farming nations are the Netherlands, Colombia, Kenya and Israel and they are main exporters to the UK. For years, the flower industry suffers from social and environmental problems. Environmental issues A lot of people do not concern so much about what pesticides are used to grow flowers. According to a Guardian report (Siegle, 2012), 12 different pesticides are used to help flowers grow in Columbia. Furthermore, some flower farmers use toxic pesticides which are banned in industrialized nations in Ethiopia. Moreover, the issues over the carbon foot print have been increased as the use of air-freighted flowers increased (Siegle, 2006). With issues over pesticides and carbon foot print, water shortage, impacts of greenhouses on landscape, and packaging issues were also being associated with the cut flower industry. Social issues Besides the environmental problems, social issues such as low wages, health and safety issues and labour rights are also being associated with the cut flower industry. In Colombia, flower farmers are exposed to systematic labour abuses and toxic chemicals exposure remains an important concern among farmers. Health issues persist as farmers are forced to work double shifts to meet consumers’ demand with depressing labor rights. The flower industry is comprised of between 65-75 percent of women workers, women’s...
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...Supply Chain Management and Fair Trade Executive Summary Resources are scarce and overstretched as a result of the fiercely competitive global environment which is as a result of globalisation, population increment and development of new technologies. On the basis of food food supply chain’s dependency on these scarce resources, sustainability of food has to be adopted through various approaches – the conventional approach (freetraide food supply chain) and the alternative approach (fairtrade food supply chain). This report focuses on sustainability, challenges of sustainability, key reasons for sustainability, food supply chain sustainability theme as well as a critical examination, analysis and appraisal of the fairtrade food food supply chain as advocated by Fairtrade Foundation and Fairtrade International and the normal freetrade food food supply chain through a comparative analysis which is based on consultation of materials from Fairtrade Foundation, Fairtrade International as well as other secondary sources (such as textbooks, articles, journals and websites). The report concludes that freetrade is a better option to manage the partnership between producers and consumers within a food food supply chain. However, fairtrade could still flourish if its techniques and principles are exposed to a continuous external and internal scrutiny against the continuous movement of the forces of demand and supply which always shape the dynamic nature of the competitive market...
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...international environmental groups such as World Wildlife Fund (WWF) and local organisations such as the Auckland Zoo (over the potential loss of Orang-utan forest habitat to palm oil plantations). The negative publicity from the palm oil debate created damaging ‘noise’ for Cadbury’s ongoing worldwide ethical brand building efforts and its high profile announcements that it would shortly be using the Fairtrade logo for the flagship Dairy Milk brand in key global markets, including Australia and New Zealand (Fairtrade Foundation 2009). Less than three months later Cadbury caved into the conservationists’ demands and reversed their palm oil policy (e.g. New Zealand Herald 17th August 2009). This case study illustrates the relevance of buyer behaviour theories...
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...Coopératives des Yungas). Synthèse on the impact of Fairtrade Certification FLO PREAMBULE A reflective work around the impact of FTC (Fairtrade Certification)’s activities, on the main group of beneficiaries, has been initiated in 2005 by Max Havelaar France and its federation FLO. Indeed, the substantial work done until now around guarantee (referring to the guarantee of the means (standards, prices, etc.) and the direct results of those means (verified through certification, ie: whether volumes sold have been paid at the defined levels, to democratic organisations, etc.)) only gave an incomplete overview of the sustainable and substantial changes brought by the FTC to organisations and its members. The action taken of measuring the FTC’s impact is thus aiming at better understanding the mechanisms and the reality of the FTC’s impact, in order to 1/ being able to explain it and to have more solid information, and 2/ being able to improve its tools and interventions. Several studies have been carried out in parallel to the elaboration and to the improvement of a common methodological frame. Those activities have been coordinated by FLO and supported by different structures: consultants specialised in Fairtrade or impact measuring (AVSF, IDS, Oreade-Breche) and financing bodies (MAE, F3E (also involved in the elaboration of the methodological approach), ICCO), and have benefited from the implication of FLO and some of its members (Certification initiatives: Max Havelaar France,...
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...PRESS RELEASE EMBARGOED FOR: 00:01 24/08/2009 ORGANISATION: Cadbury plc MAIN CONTACT: xxxxx xxxxxxxxx LAUNCH PARTY FOR CADBURY’S FIRST FAIRTRADE PRODUCTS Cadbury is holding a party for the launch of its new Fairtrade-certified Dairy Milk bars. The event is being held on 31st August in Bournville, the original birthplace of Cadbury; at the ‘Cadbury World’ museum. Press are invited to be among the first people to try the new Dairy Milk and to hear from Cadbury’s Chief Executive, Todd Stitzer, about his travels to Ghana. This will include a presentation of video-casts to show the contributions Cadbury is currently making to Ghanian cocoa farmers and their communities. As part of the event, Cadbury will also be unveiling the new Fairtrade exhibition at its museum, which aims to teach visitors why Fairtrade is important and how Cadbury is helping Ghanaian farmers as part of the Cadbury Cocoa Partnership (CCP) initiative. In March this year, Cadbury announced its plans to achieve Fairtrade certification for Cadbury’s Dairy Milk products by joining forces with the Fairtrade Foundation. The reasons behind this groundbreaking move were to further improve living standards and conditions for cocoa farmers and their communities in Ghana, as well as create a sustainable supply of high quality cocoa for Cadbury. Cadbury’s Chief Executive, Todd Stitzer, says that after the the launch party, the value of Fairtrade chocolate sales in Britain will leap from £45m to £225m. Chief...
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...1) Charakterystyka przedsiębiorstwa 1.1. Opis przedsiębiorstwa Konkurenci Globalni (Sprzedaż 2013) | W Polsce | | Mars | 17,640 USD (millions) | Ferrero | | Mondelez | 14,862 USD (millions) | Mondelez | | Nestlé | 11,760 USD (millions) | Stork | | | | Wedel | | | | Wawel | | Target Group * Young and cosmopolitan consumers * For those who understand lifestyle as a personal statement * Young trend-conscious consumers Marketing Objectives * World’s biggest manufacturer of premium chocolate products * Modern * Enticing * Sinfully delicious * Luxury & prestige * Easygoing lifestyle * Sensual experience * Unusual taste combinations * (e.g. Salted Caramel, Strawberry Cheesecake...) Quantitative * Market volume ca. 100 USD billion (only 2012 available) * Market growth saturated chocolate markets in Europe and North America * Group sales 2 883 CHF million (~ 3 459 EUR million) * Group profit 404 CHF million (~ 485 EUR million) * Share price (ISIN: CH0010570759) 46 288,- CHF Przewagi Konkurencyjne * Quality strategy * Unique selling proposition (USP) * Premium Quality * Brand image * Extensive advertising policy Pozycjonowanie - produkt Wysoka cena I jakość, bardzo premium, duża różnorodność smaków (od gorzkich do bardzo delikatnych czy nietypowych) Cena Na rynku konkurencja oligopolistyczna kilku dużych graczy: market...
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...Module name: Perspectives on Business and Management Shopping for tomorrow: promoting sustainable consumption within food stores The aim of this review of a journal article is to evaluate the way the top ten food retailers in the UK foster the concept of sustainable consumption as well as to investigate how the retailers encourage their customers to be more environmentally friendly. The authors discuss the influence the large retailers in the UK have on the nation’s food buying behaviour and on reduction of waste. While they promote sustainable consumption they also prevent it with marketing strategies which encourage bulk buying. The authors have assessed the model of sustainable consumption the top ten food retailers are following. In recent years, there has been an increasing awareness about the concept of sustainable consumption. Although it is debatable and it is difficult to be given a clear definition this paper will use the one introduced by The United Nations Environment Programme (1995, cited in Jones et al, 2011, p. 938) who state that sustainable consumption is the reasonable balance between the use of services and manufactured goods needed to improve our quality of life and the reduction of the destructive impact on the environment during the process. Furthermore, there are two models of sustainable consumption: weak and strong. The former implies the idea of uncoupling economic growth from overuse of natural resources while the latter suggests a fundamental...
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...THE MARKET FOR ORGANIC AND FAIR-TRADE COFFEE Study prepared in the framework of FAO project GCP/RAF/404/GER “Increasing incomes and food security of small farmers in West and Central Africa through exports of organic and fair-trade tropical products” September 2009 The designations employed and the presentation of material in this information product do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) concerning the legal or development status of any country, territory, city or area or of its authorities, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries. The mention of specific companies or products of manufacturers, whether or not these have been patented, does not imply that these have been endorsed or recommended by FAO in preference to others of a similar nature that are not mentioned. The views expressed in this information product are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the views of FAO. All rights reserved. Reproduction and dissemination of material in this information product for educational or other non-commercial purposes are authorized without any prior written permission from the copyright holders provided the source is fully acknowledged. Reproduction of material in this information product for resale or other commercial purposes is prohibited without written permission of the copyright holders. Applications for such permission should be addressed...
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...Singer and songwriter Ke$ha was born Kesha Rose Sebert on March 1, 1987, in Los Angeles, California. She was exposed to music at an early age through her mother Pebe, a songwriter. Her mother's biggest songwriting success was "Old Flames Can't Hold a Candle to You," which was a hit for Joe Sun and Dolly Parton. The first few years of Kesha's life were a struggle for her family. Her mother had difficulty earning enough to support Kesha and her older brother. "We were on welfare and food stamps," the artist explained on her website. "One of my first memories is my mom telling me, 'If you want something, just take it.'" When she was 4, Kesha moved to Nashville with her family, where her mother had landed a songwriting contract. Sometimes tagging along with her mother, Kesha spent a lot of time in recording studios during her early adolescence. Her mother encouraged her interest in singing, allowing Kesha to work on some of her song demos. Kesha also went to a music school, where she learned about songwriting. Deep in the heart of the country music scene, she was inspired by the likes of Johnny Cash and Patsy Cline. Pursuing a Career in Music At 17, Kesha left high school to pursue a music career. She changed her name to Ke$ha and moved to Los Angeles to work with producer Dr. Luke, who had worked on hit singles for Katy Perry and Kelly Clarkson among others. "I thought her voice was distinctive, and I fell in love with her personality," Dr. Luke explained to Entertainment...
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...Executive Summary The aim of this report is to focus on the major decision that the management team of Nestlé had to take in determining whether to introduce the Partners’ Blend Coffee into the UK market with their own Nestlé Initiative or to introduce the coffee into the market with Fairtrade certification. This decision was prompted by the feedback they received from their customers to introduce a coffee line that has Fairtrade certification. The main idea of the Fairtrade movement is to address issues of unfair conventional trade practices that discriminate against the poorest and weakest producers in order to empower them to improve their position and have more control over their lives. In the course of analyzing where to introduce Partners’ Blend, the management decided to incorporate it with Nestlé UK because the UK has a natural desire to donate to other less fortunate nations especially as they are a relatively wealthy nation. As a result, many charity organizations have their headquarters in UK. This report would analyze the challenges and opportunities that Nestlé should consider in making the final decision to introduce the coffee either with or without the Fairtrade logo. It includes analyzing the power of suppliers, consumers, the competitive rivalry, the threat of substitute goods and the threat of new entrants when they want to take advantage of the opportunity to position Nestlé in a positive light with ethical coffee line. This report concludes...
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...Scientific Inquiry Javier Bryon AIU Online Abstract By using the controlled experimental method we can prove or disprove hypothesis in question. During the experiment we can come to a conclusion on whether further experimentation is needed or other hypothesis need to be implemented to solve a question. Introduction Blue porch ceilings are quite prevalent along the east coast, there are many theories as to why, from keeping evil spirits out of the home to fooling spiders and wasps into thinking that the ceilings are actually the sky. Many old houses around the Victorian and Colonial era bear this color in their porches due to the popularity at the time, but even now the popularity of the color is prevalent. Besides keeping evil spirits from entering the homes and fooling bugs, the blue ceiling reminds the owners of the blue skies even on cloudy days. Hypothesis The blue paint used in the painting of porches of the Victorian and Colonial homes contains an ingredient that repels insects, a natural insecticide used in the popular paint color. Prediction If there is an ingredient that naturally repels insects in the blue paint then the results should be obvious. Painting two porches ceilings one with blue paint and another one with white paint should demonstrate that the one with blue paint is bug free during the time of the experiment. Controlled Experimental Method First three enclosures were built; enclosure number one ceiling is painted sky blue. Enclosure...
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...Testing A Theory PSY/201 May 12, 2013 A couple of years ago, I decided to test a theory on myself by trying to lose fight while gaining more muscle mass. I have heard so many different theories on how to lose fat while gaining muscle mass, but I could not find a good routine that gave me the best results. Before I began my research, I had to think critical about what was causing me to gain fat, and why my workout routine was not as effective on myself as it was for others. I began to search for credible sources on the Internet, so that I can have a better understanding of the relationship between nutrition and the human body. Once my understanding on nutrition was clear, I then began to do research on fat burning and strength conditioning. After my research was complete, I began to test these theories on myself. I created a chart that kept track of each exercise, the amount of repetitions completed, weight loss or gain, and body fat percentage. I used this chart to compare my before and after results within 90 days, and the end results were stunning. I could lower my body fat percentage, and gain more muscle mass, which was exactly what I wanted. The type of informal research that was used to test this theory was experimental research. According to the textbook, Psychology and Your Life, it tells us about experimental research, which states, “Investigator produces a change in one variable to observe the effects of that change on other variables” (Ch. 1, pg. 33)...
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...scientific method was trying to plant roses and trying to keep them alive. I would plant the roses and water them and even planted them in the sun. I would not try to figure out why they would keep dying. If I would have went through and tried fertilizer and tried to figure out why they kept dying then I would have at least came to a conclusion. If I would have found out how to take care of roses and then started to water them the way they are supposed to be watered and gave the roses the fuel they need to live they would not have died. I would have first seen how to take care of roses. Then I would have measured out the water and how much sun they needed and applied that then tested my theory I could have seen if they would have lived. If the roses had died after that then I would have tested other theories to see what works like trying to put fertilizer around the base of the rose bush to see if the ground was not the reason the roses were dying. If the ground does not have enough nutrients then the roses would not have been able to get the food it needed from the...
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...Scientific Method Sharon Childers Unit 1 Individual Project May 5, 2013 Biology American Intercontinental University Biology is the study of life. When studying Biology one will study the way organisms live and their lives. How are humans created? How are cell formed? What is DNA made of? All of these questions are some form of Biology. Even the color of certain birds is a part of Biology. When dealing with the Sciences you will come across the Scientific Method. This method consists of: Question, Hypothesis, Research, Experiment, Analysis and Conclusion. Below we will discuss a question and complete the steps of the Scientific Method to come up with an answer to the question. Question Do ruby-throated hummingbirds prefer some colors more than others when visiting flowers? Hypothesis In my opinion I believe hummingbirds prefer bright colors opposed to darker colors. The hummingbird has a red throat so considering that I would think they prefer red or something similar to red when it comes to picking flowers to visit. Research Ruby-throated Hummingbirds are primarily in the United States. These small birds are hard to find in the sky because they are only 2-3 in and can flap their wings 53 times in one second. That’s kind of hard to believe or even imagine. When it comes to the type of feeder a hummingbird feeds on doesn’t really matter. They tend to eat from any kind of feeder. When it comes to flowers they prefer, red and yellow are their preference...
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...relevant to modern society. Poverty tends to be the greatest ill that plagues the Filipino as a society. The poor ranges from poor, very poor, and to the very, very poor. The topic URBAN POOR was selected from a group of topics given and then given emphasis by the author according to the relevance of this specific group in today's world. Each condition is specifically analyzed in different aspects and parts to further understand the study. In doing so, one will be able to broaden one's ideas and analysis in certain conditions in relation to the topic about Urban poor. This will also have an analysis of their general condition using a theory application- which most probably is CONFLICT THEORY, a theory discussed in class with relation to the Sociological Theories presented. This paper was developed as a requirement and further study of the Sociological Theories presented in class and as a meaningful output of all the lectures and discussions that happened during class. Analysis was done by choosing a theoretical orientation from the ones discussed in class. Students and professionals are the intended audiences of this study. This study will hopefully be of help in the development of concrete analysis and plans not just towards the Sociological development of the urban poor, but of the holistic development as well. The informations contained in this study were based on researches provided by related literature and on- line based sources, more of secondary sources. Sources related...
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