...Flow Chart for Process Christie Losch OPS 571 January 21, 2011 John Sobel Flow Chart for Process A person that wakes up each morning and hits the ground running and I have so much in common. On a daily basis I look for ways to improve my time management. Each and every day I wake up at the break of dawn and prepare my day for a long and strenuous workdayand not to mention my second job as a single-parent. The responsibility that lies on my shoulders is tough and can be overwhelming. I have chosen to design a flow chart to outline my routine in the evenings after work until bedtime. The time spent in traffic getting home, time spent doing homework, and cooking and are factors that can be shortened in my routine. The process flow of the routine begins with getting from work and driving home . My commute to and from work has many obstacles as it relates to traffic during those times. My work schedule cannot be manipulated for ease in the morning or the afternoon. Once my kids are picked up from school and we reach home then the process gets a little bit more stringent. Homework for a small child in elementary school is tough on them and the parents. The next step comes cooking, and then putting food after dinner, cleaning the kitchen can take some time. [have not included end of the process flow – getting ready to bed] The metric is time in this flow chart. I wish there was some way that the time spent doing homework, cooking and...
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...them they became a part of my daily life. Several factors come into play when caring for foster cats, particularly when they are unrelated. Fortunately, two of the three are siblings. The following is the daily morning routine of cleaning the kennels and litter boxes in flow-chart form accompanied by further explanation to include details. 1. Open kennels and release the foster cats. There are three kennels with two doors per kennel. 2. Remove the litter boxes one by one and place them in the center of the room on the floor. There is one litter box per kennel. 3. Remove the kennel rugs. There is one rug per kennel. 4. Slide out the kennel trays, one per kennel. a. Tip the tray to remove scattered litter and wipe each tray into the trash can. 5. Replace the kennel trays. 6. Retrieve a small trash bag from a container and place on the floor by the boxes. 7. Scoop each litter box. This metric will be measured. 8. Dump the waste into the trash bag. b. Tie and dispose of the bag into the trash can. 9. Add litter to each box as required. 10. Replace the rugs and litter boxes into the appropriate kennel. 11. Proceed with feeding. Several factors affect the process design. The cats have been in the same area together for several weeks and are accustomed to each other with limitations. The first factor to consider is the attitude and size of each kitty. The oldest cat Chester, about a year and a half old, is also the largest is...
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...Analyzing Processes Process Diagram: (e.g. Producing Contact Lenses) hold Data information flow Other Common Process Measures • Cycle time – Average time between completion of successive units by the process – Reciprocal of throughput rate Process Layout of a Medical Center – Capacity Analysis Patient Type A B C D Total Patient Mix Wait Area X-ray 0.4 1 1 0.3 1 0.2 1 1 0.1 1 1 1 0.7 1000 400 571 Department Orthopedic Cardinology Neurology Intensive care 1 1 1 1 1 0.4 0.3 0.2 0.4 250 625 500 1667 300 1500 600 1500 add value Utilization = Load Factor = Actual Output Rate Maximum Throughput Demand Rate Capacity Dept. capacity Four General Categories of Production Processes 1. 2. 3. 4. Continuous Flow Process Line Process Batch Process Job Shop Max. # of total 1000 patients arrived before reaching cap. Variability: Classic Queuing arrival rate () in customers/hour • service rate () in customers/hour (avg. time for one customer = 1/) • # servers = s Therefore, capacity = _s*_ • Physics of Queues: M/M/1 system Performance Measures: Utilization: Average time in system = /( Average number in system = /( Average time in line = 1/( Average number in line = 1/( Probability of no waiting = 1 – Process Choice at King Soopers Bakery • Bread process – Flow process – High volume – Difficult and expensive to change capacity Servers (s) customers/hr./server arrivals ( customers/hr.) departures...
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...Chemical Process Diagrams Chapter 1 Department of Chemical Engineering West Virginia University From Analysis, Synthesis, and Design of Chemical Processes, Fourth Edition, by Richard Turton, Richard C. Bailie, Wallace B. Whiting, Joseph Shaeiwitz, and Debangsu Bhattacharyya (ISBN-13: 978-0-13-261812-0) Copyright © 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved. 1 3 Levels of Diagram • Block Flow Diagram (BFD) • Process Flow Diagram (PFD) • Piping and Instrumentation Diagram (P&ID) – often referred to as Mechanical Flow Diagram Complexity Conceptual increases understanding Increases As chemical engineers, we are most familiar with BFD and PFD. From Analysis, Synthesis, and Design of Chemical Processes, Fourth Edition, by Richard Turton, Richard C. Bailie, Wallace B. Whiting, Joseph Shaeiwitz, and Debangsu Bhattacharyya (ISBN-13: 978-0-13-261812-0) Copyright © 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved. 2 1 The Block Flow Diagram (BFD) • BFD shows overall processing picture of a chemical complex – Flow of raw materials and products may be included on a BFD – BFD is a superficial view of facility – ChE information is missing From Analysis, Synthesis, and Design of Chemical Processes, Fourth Edition, by Richard Turton, Richard C. Bailie, Wallace B. Whiting, Joseph Shaeiwitz, and Debangsu Bhattacharyya (ISBN-13: 978-0-13-261812-0) Copyright © 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved. 3 Definitions of BFD • Block Flow...
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...The entire system or process of doing work should be studied before undertaking a thorough investigation of a specific operation in the process. Such an over-all study will ordinarily include an analysis of each step in the manufacturing process or system. Process Analysis Tools ♦Operation process chart ♦Flow process chart ♦Flow diagram OPERATION PROCESS CHART The operation process chart shows the chronological sequence of all operations, inspections, time allowances, and materials used in a manufacturing or business process, from the arrival of raw material to the packaging of the finished product. The chart depicts the entrance of all components and subassemblies to the main assembly. Two symbols are used in constructing the operation process Chart : an operation and an inspection. FLOW PROCESS CHART The flow process chart is a device for recording a process in a compact manner, as a means of better understanding it and improving it. The chart represents graphically the separate steps or events that occur during the performance of a task or doing a series of actions. The chart usually begins with the raw material entering the factory and follows it through every step. The process chart symbols : The American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME) has established the five standard symbols are described As follows: Operation An operation occurs when an object is intentionally changed in one or more of its characteristics. An operation represents a major step...
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...Seven Quality Control Tools 1 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. Pareto analysis Flowcharts Check sheets Histograms Scatter diagrams Control charts Fishbone diagram 2 Vilfredo Pareto was an Italian economist who noted that approximately 80% of wealth was owned by only 20% of the population. This was true in almost all the societies he studied. 3 1. Pareto analysis Choosing the Most Important Changes to Make Pareto analysis is a very simple technique that helps you to choose the most effective changes to make. It uses the Pareto principle - the idea that by doing 20% of work you can generate 80% of the advantage of doing the entire job. Pareto analysis is a formal technique for finding the changes that will give the biggest benefits. It is useful where many possible courses of action are competing for your attention. 4 It is a statistical technique in decision making that is used for selection of a limited number of tasks that produce significant overall effect. It uses the Pareto principle - the idea that by doing 20% of work you can generate 80% of the advantage of doing the entire job. Or in terms of quality improvement, a large majority of problems (80%) are produced by a few key causes (20%). 5 Pareto analysis is a formal technique useful where many possible courses of action are competing for your attention. Basically, it consists of estimating the benefit delivered by each action...
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...RECORDING AND ANALYSIS TOOLS Operation Process Chart * Shows chronological sequence of all operations, inspections, time allowances and materials used in a manufacturing or business process, from the arrival of raw material to the packaging of the finished product * 2 symbols are used: small circle (operation) and small square (inspection) * Operation takes place when a part being studied is intentionally transformed or when it is being studied or planned prior to productive work being performed on it * Inspection takes place when the part is being examined to determine its conformity to a standard * Outline process chart – outlines only the operations * Vertical lines – indicate general flow of the process as work is accomplished * Horizontal lines feeding into vertical flow lines – indicate material (purchased or worked on during the process) * Parts are shown as entering a vertical line for assembly or leaving a vertical line for disassembly * Materials that are disassembled or extracted are shown as horizontal material lines drawn to the right of the vertical flow line * Assembly materials are shown on horizontal lines drawn to the left of the vertical flow line * Helps analysts visualized the present method, with all its details, so that new and better procedures may be devised * Shows analysts what effect a change on a given operation will have on preceding and subsequent operations * Aid in promoting and explaining...
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...and specifications. It is the function of quality control. The objectives of inspection are the following: To detect and remove the faulty raw materials before it undergoes production. To detect the faulty products in production whenever it is detected. To bring facts to the notice of managers before they become serous to enable them discover weaknesses and over the problem. To prevent the substandard reaching the customer and reducing complaints. To promote reputation for quality and reliability of product. 3. What do you mean by ‘control’? Control is the process through which the standards are established and met with. This process consists of observing our activity performance, comparing the performance with some standard and then taking action if the observed performance is significantly too different from the standards 4. Define the control process. The control process involves a universal sequence of steps such as: Choose the control object Choose a unit of measure Set the standard value Choose a sensing device which can measure Measure actual performance Interpret the difference between actual and standard Taking action 5. Define ‘quality control’. What are the different types of quality control. It is a system that is used to maintain a desired level of quality in a...
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...5-3 Short Answer/Essay Questions: Data Flow Diagrams IT-510-X2879Advanced Info Technology 14TW2 1. Data flow diagrams show the flow of data through systems and are used during problem analysis. Systems do not transform input to a desired output in a single step. DFD's capture the information about the transformations and the movement of data through a system with bubbles and arrows to show relationships (Freetutes.) One of the four common mistakes often made when using data flow diagrams is an illegal data flow. All flows begin or end at a processing step, in which data is changed into a form of the final output. This way, mistakes can be identified and followed back to their source in order to be fixed. That is why it is important to ensure that there are no diagramming mistakes. The following are four descriptions of common diagramming mistakes that should be kept in mind when using a data flow diagram: A source or a sink cannot provide data to another source or sink without some processing occurring Data cannot move directly from a source to a data store without being processed Data cannot move directly from a data store to a sink without being processed Data cannot move directly from one data store to another without being processed (Whitten;Bentley;Barlow, 360.) Black holes, grey holes and miracles are a second class of mistakes when using data flow diagrams. These mistakes arise when the outputs from processing steps do not match their inputs....
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...a Hospital Management System Data Flow Diagram A Data Flow Diagram (DFD) is a graphical representation of the "flow" of data through an information system, modeling its process aspects. DFD is often used as a preliminary step to create an overview of the system, which can later be elaborated. The purpose of data flow diagrams is to provide a semantic bridge between users and systems developers. The diagrams are: * graphical, eliminating thousands of words; * logical representations, modeling WHAT a system does, rather than physical models showing HOW it does it; * hierarchical, showing systems at any level of detail; and * jargonless, allowing user understanding and reviewing. The goal of data flow diagramming is to have a commonly understood model of a system. The diagrams are the basis of structured systems analysis. Data flow diagrams have the objective of avoiding the cost of: * user/developer misunderstanding of a system, resulting in a need to redo systems or in not using the system. * having to start documentation from scratch when the physical system changes since the logical system, WHAT gets done, often remains the same when technology changes. * systems inefficiencies because a system gets "computerized" before it gets "systematized". * being unable to evaluate system project boundaries or degree of automation, resulting in a resulting in a project of inappropriate scope. Data Flow Diagram is denoted by using the symbols...
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...Contents 1. Introduction 2 2. Company Overview 3 3. Situation Analysis 3 3.1 Supply Chain Structure 4 3.1.1 Physical Flow 4 3.1.2 Information flow 5 3.2 Supply chain performance 8 3.2.1 Overall performance 8 3.2.2 Financial performance 9 3.3 Business context 9 4. Identification of main issues and problems 12 4.1 Categorize 12 4.2 Prioritize 12 4.3 Summary issues findings 17 5.Proposed Solutions 18 5.1 Strategy through Lead time reductions and handling delay reductions 18 5.2 Implement Centralised Information logistics Management (CILM) in SAP 18 Proposal based on analysis of Business Solution 21 References 24 Appendix 1 Current State Map for Dispatch Business process 25 Appendix 2 Current State Map for Dispatch Business process 25 1. Introduction Supply chain or Logistics which are providing functional activities such as transportation, inventory control, and integrated information control. These also repeat again and again between the processes of converting raw materials to meet final customers’ need (Ballou, 2004, p.7). Business logistics are constructed by key and support activities and how these activities performance also depended on the structure of organisations. By looking at whole process of value chain, Logistics are acting a major role to creating values for stakeholders, and non-value added process in supply chain also been thought as wastage. Logistics is more and more important areas for all the business to pay attention...
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...Running Head: DESIGN A FLOWCHART FOR A PROCESS Design a Flowchart for a Process University of Phoenix OPS 571/ Operations Management As humans that are prone to develop habits, by nature we ritualize or develop processes by which we perform certain daily tasks. These processes may very well be time consuming, while some may not be and are very effective and efficient. When examining a process, a flow chart could be an important tool to use to understand how a process is being performed as well as provide some insight. This flowchart will aid in understanding how each task is performed and what if anything can be done to minimize the time it takes to complete the process while maintaining importance and goal centered results (Chase, Jacobs & Aquilano, 2006). The result of this process should be a stepping stone as to how the overall process can be improved. While developing the flow chart mentioned above, the process that is being analyzed is identifying how much time can be managed more efficiently and reduced while preparing for and driving to work weekly. This flow chart will be a multi stage process meaning the tasks or activities that have been performed has multiple stages or flows (Chase, Jacobs, & Aquilano, 2006). Some of the factors that affect the process design directly are whether or not getting up on time is achieved or how many times was the snooze button pushed, whether or not a shower was done the night before, does the outfit need to be ironed or is...
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...improvement. Consider the common interpretation of service processes in use at many organizations, which is used to identify four variants of a service process: 1. The process that is formally defined and recorded in a business document. 2. The process that everyone generally believes exists. 3. The process as it actually exists. 4. The process that should exist to deliver what the customer really wants. Using your arrival at the doctor’s office as a starting point in the process, create a document that focuses on the process of visiting your doctor for a flu shot. Be sure your document incorporates the following: • Introduction – describe what you intend to do and how you will approach the task. • A simple flow chart that maps the sequence of operations for variant #1 and/or #2 above. While you may need to make certain assumptions in your description of variants #1 and #2, your process map should include, at a minimum, all components of the process that are visible to the patient. You may choose to combine your analysis of the first two variants due to lack of information on either one. • A flow chart that maps the process that actually exists (variant #3). • A flow chart that maps the process according to variant #4, as you believe it should be. • Above each flow chart, include a paragraph describing the key process components and identify potential...
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...activities in a process and who is responsible for those activities. What symbols are used in flowcharting and what do they mean? The following are the common symbols used in flowcharting: Action A rectangle represents an activity to be completed. Decision A diamond represents a decision to be made. Start/End A terminator shape or a circle represents the beginning or end of a process. This shape represents something that is documented. A rectangle with lines represents a pre-defined process Arrow An arrow indicates the process flow. How do I show responsibilities on a flowchart? Responsibilities are represented by the columns on a flowchart. The flowchart symbols are placed within the column of the person or group responsible to complete that item. How do I indicate timeframe on a flowchart? Time can be indicated down the left side of the flowchart. Any appropriate timeframe can be used. Examples include: |T=0 |Monday |Feasibility | | | | | |T+1 day |Wednesday | | | | |Conceptual | | | | | |T+5 days |Saturday |Definition | How do I get started? It’s easiest to create a flowchart by using post-it notes on a chart pad. Post-it notes allow you to move things around as you work through the process. 1. First...
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...Total Quality Management History: The concept of quality can be seen in ancient civilization. Egyptian Pyramids and the Great Wall of China are the evidences from history. The concept of total quality was started back in 1920’s. In 1940, statistical techniques were used to check quality. In 1960 quality management became broader in meaning. In past decades quality management was limited to the production process but now quality control is concept taken as something to be applied in every line of business. Introduction: TQM is management approach to integrate all management activities or organizational function (engineering, finance, customer service, design, marketing, and production, etc.) to focus on meeting customer needs and organizational objectives by delivering high-quality products and services. TQM is a method in which management and employees work in the same line for continuous improvements in goods and services to meet customer expectation and to achieve organizational goals. The ultimate objective of TQM is to minimize defects. The Competition based on quality has grown up in recent years. Companies are focusing on quality improvement in every line of business in order to be more competitive. Companies who do not focus on quality will not survive. Companies took quality concept as a crucial to survive in the market. Features: 1-Customer Focus: The first and most important feature of TQM, on which it emphasis more is ‘Customer’. Company more focus...
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