...century faces multiple challenges: it has to produce more food and fibre to feed a growing population with a smaller rural labour force, more feedstocks for a potentially huge bioenergy market, contribute to overall development in the many agriculture-dependent developing countries, adopt more efficient and sustainable production methods and adapt to climate change. World population is expected to grow by over a third, or 2.3 billion people, between 2009 and 2050 to reach 9bn people. Nearly all of this growth is forecast to take place in the developing countries. Market demand for food will continue to grow. Demand for cereals, for both food and animal feed uses is projected to reach some 3 billion tonnes by 2050, up from today’s nearly 2.1 billion tonnes. However this is lower than the 3.2 billion increase that materialized between 1970 and 2010. This deceleration will impact world agriculture by lowering its rate of growth compared to the past. The projections show that feeding a world population of 9 billion people in 2050 would require raising overall food production by some 70 percent between 2005/07 and 2050. Production in the developing countries would need to almost double. Ninety percent of the growth in crop production globally (80 percent in developing countries) is expected to come from higher yields and increased cropping intensity, with the remainder coming from land expansion. Figure 1.1 Per capita food consumption Achieving such production increases will not...
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...Society has evolved due to diversity. We have adapted to the cultures, race, lifestyles, religion even food and music of different nationalities. There are also the challenges of diversity. Americans probably has the most cynicism of any cultures, due to the United States being the “land of the free” and many wanting to live the “American Dream”. With this comes prejudice and discrimination. Certain cultures believe that they are superior to all and this brings prejudice and discrimination. The hardest challenge is discrimination, whether it is against certain culture, religion, race or even skin color. There is also the growth of certain cultures. An example of a culture that tremendously expanded is the Hispanic population. “The Hispanic population grew by 43 percent, rising from 35.3 million in 2000 to 50.5 million in 2010.” Cencus.gov Here in the United States, Spanish is known as the second language next to English. There are many Americans that are prejudice against about this. Though you should not judge a book by its cover, there are many opportunities for us to learn from each other. We have more in common and relate to others no matter what their skin color, race, culture, sex or gender. The United States will be composed of Americans and a diverse amount of immigrants. The main and important reason is people. Since the year 2000 and by the year 2050, the United States will increase its population...
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...billion in 1804. In 1927, only 123 years later, we had reached our second billion. To make matters more substantial, it only took 33 years until we had reached our third billion, in the year 1960. The rate would speed up so much that, on average, every 13 years our world’s population would reach another billion, getting us to 7 billion in 2011. This fast paced growth comes with many consequences. Human demands will and possibly already have overrun the amount of our natural support systems, and our food supplies, such as our fisheries, grasslands, forests, soils, and aquifers. If our demands increase over the sustainable output these resources provide for us, then it will result in overfishing, overgrazing, overcutting, overplowing, and overpumping. A recent demographic projection by the U.N. shows that the world’s population will grow to well over 9 billion by 2050. Although many believe this will materialize, it is unlikely due to the hardships we will face increasing the food supply, global warming, and water shortages. Although world population growth has slowed down from the peak of 2.1 percent in 1967 to 1.1 percent in 2011, it is still unclear whether the population growth has slowed due to the shift to smaller families or the opposite, that we are failing to shift to smaller families so eventually death rates begin to rise. These population projections are based on many assumptions, including life expectancy and fertility rates. They can create an illusion that...
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...A. According to the study, the Asia-Pacific region will experience the worst effect on rice and wheat yields worldwide, and decreased yields could threaten the food security of 1.6 billion people in South Asia. B. The crop model indicates that in South Asia, average yields in 2050 for crops will decline from 2000 levels by about 50 percent for wheat, 17 percent for rice, and about 6 percent for maize because of climate change. C. In East Asia and the Pacific, yields in 2050 for crops will decline from 2000 levels by up to 20 percent for rice, 13 percent for soybean, 16 percent for wheat, and 4 percent for maize because of climate change. D. With climate change, average calorie availability in Asia in 2050 is expected to be about 15 percent lower and cereal consumption is projected to decline by as much as 24 percent compared to a no climate change scenario. E. In a no-climate change scenario, the number of malnourished children in South Asia would fall from 76 to 52 million between 2000 and 2050, and from 24 to 10 million in East Asia and the Pacific. Climate change will erase some of this progress, causing the number of malnourished children in 2050 to rise to 59 million in South Asia and to 14 million in East Asia and the Pacific, increasing the total number of malnourished children in Asia by about 11 million. F. To counteract the effects of climate change on nutrition, South Asia requires additional annual investments of 1.5 billion USD in rural development...
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...Water – The India Story March 23, 2009 1 Table of Contents Summary Global Water Situation – A Snapshot Water in India Innovative Water Management Initiatives 2 Freshwater rich regions across the globe are projected to face water scarcity if current reserves are not managed effectively Global Freshwater Scenario Global Freshwater reserves are rapidly depleting and this is expected to significantly impact many densely populated areas of the world Low to middle income developing regions as well as highly developed countries will face water stress in the future, unless existing water reserves are managed effectively • Although low and middle income developing countries currently have low per capita water consumption, rapid growth in population and inefficient use of water across sectors is expected to lead to a water shortage in the future • Developed countries traditionally have high per capita water consumption and need to focus on reducing their consumption through improved water management techniques and practices By 2025, India, China and select countries in Europe and Africa will face water scarcity if adequate and sustainable water management initiatives are not implemented Freshwater Situation in India Traditionally, India has been well endowed with large Freshwater reserves, but the increasing population and overexploitation of surface and groundwater over the past few decades has resulted in water scarcity in some regions ...
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...Global Over Population Introduction Global population has soared past 7 billion. Every second of every day, our global population grows by three people. In 2010 the average person lived 69 years, whereas in 1960 the average life expectancy was 51. Each year there are more than 1.43 million unplanned births in the U.S. At the current rate, the population of the least-developed countries will double in the next 31 years. Today about 783 million people lack access to improved drinking water: that's about a tenth of our world's population. Overpopulation is beginning to degrade the quality of life for many, and is significantly depleting precious natural resources that we need to survive. The first billion took from the dawn of humanity until 1830. The second billion took only 100 years -- from 1830 to 1930. Three billion more arrived in the next 60 years. The next billion will take only 13 years unless there is a tremendous effort to slow world birthrates. The ideal population of the United States was what it was around 1950, when factors like housing, jobs, and pace of life, crime, and pollution were at comfortable levels. Some say there is a connection between runaway population growth and human suffering. It has been said that while recent environmental victories are very important, they will become meaningless if demand on the earth's resources continues to escalate as it has in the last century. In this essay we will cover concerns such as 1. The human footprint...
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...the peace that unity can bring. • Have you learned something new about your own racial, ethnic, or cultural history? Mostly everything I read about my culture was a re inforcement of what I already thought , I did learn a lot about my husbands race, (African American) and our bi racial children and how, I am glad to know that America is moving forward in acceptance of Diversity and hopefully will continue to learn and embrace each others culture. • Trends in immigration will continue to shape the demographics of the United States. What will the U.S. population look like in the year 2050? Why do you think so? The United States in the year 2050 will be more of the melting pot, often referred to in our society. We have many from various races now, but in the future that number will be far larger. It is noted by Kotter, “From 2000 to 2050, the U.S. will add another 100 million to its...
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...The Threats to Global Food Supplies Weiwen Huang Student Number: 2171584 Class: Syllabus 4/1 Tutor: Siriol Lewis In the past half-century, food production had a significant growth. At the same time, the global demand for food rose rapidly. It is required more food supply to feed the global growing population. Thus the global population growth is the main factor of rising food need. It was predicted that the global population will reach over 9 billion people by 2050(Black, 2010 cited in Slaght, 2012, p.28). Another factor is that food consumption per person shows a rising trend with increased consumption of animal protein (Leaver, 2011). Therefore, the primary task of global food supplies is that making sure the global food production can match the global food demand. It is not easy to be done, because there are many menaces to global food provision. This essay will discuss some threats for food supplies and identify several solutions to make the assignment easier to be fulfilled. First of all, different resources constrict food production, such as land. It is well known that if food output want to be increase, it is necessary to increase the area of farmland. However, over the past 50 years the global farmland acreage just grew slightly, which did not match the growth of population. The agricultural land area for each person had fallen from 1.3 hectares to 0.72 hectares during 1967-2007. (Leaver, 2011) This means that average amount of food that can be consumed per person...
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...there could be over a half of the adults and about 25% of all children under 16 being overweight by 2050. The cause of obesity can be various. Personal responsibility has a strong effect on weight gain. Nowadays due to the hectic work, many people develop an unhealthy eating habit such as skipping breakfast, eating processed or fast food without fruits and vegetables and disordered diets. For example, in most offices, staffs have 2 hours of break time so the fast food can be the best choice for lunch. Besides, currently under the enormous social pressure, some people release themselves by gluttony and drinking alcohol which all contain a lot of calories. Lack of sleep is another factor contributed to overweight. The experts claim that getting less than 7 hours of sleep a night can directly lead to changes in harmonies that increase ones appetite. As a consequent, people are tending to eat more in the days. On the other hand, today’s ‘obesogenic’ environment with its sufficiency of high caloric diet, mechanized transportation and sedentary lifestyles play a crucial part in put on weight. Recent years, fast food rapidly extends to the world owing to its convenience and deliciousness. It seems obvious that the growing number of fast food restaurants directly promotes the possibilities of people choosing fast food thus they will inevitably take in great quantity of calories from these food. Moreover, the age of new technology brings people huge benefits like more and more convenient...
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...FOOD SECURITY IN INDIA:ISSUES AND PROBLEMS | | Contents FOOD SECURITY - INTRODUCTION 2 Pillars of food security 2 The Status and Trends in Food Production and Availability 3 PRODUCTION AND YIELD OF MAJOR AGRI-HORTI COMMODITIES 3 FOOD DEMAND IN INDIA: 4 CONSUMPTION OF FOOD IN INDIA: 5 Food Problem: 6 Introduction: 6 Some of the major causes responsible for the food problem 6 Other Cause of food shortage of India are: 7 How to solve the food problem of India: 7 Availability of food 8 Major Factors Responsible for Decline in Food Production 8 Whether India Get Proper Food? 10 Issues faced in India 10 Recommendations 11 References 13 FOOD SECURITY - INTRODUCTION At the World Food Summit‟ 1974 food security is defined as, “Availability at all times of adequate world food supplies of basic foodstuffs to sustain a steady expansion of food consumption and to offset fluctuations in production and prices”. The National Development Council (NDC) in its 53rd meeting held on 29th May, 2007 adopted a resolution to launch a Food Security Mission comprising rice, wheat and pulses to increase the production of rice by 10 million tons, wheat by 8 million tons and pulses by 2 million tons by the end of the Eleventh Plan (2011-12). Accordingly, a Centrally Sponsored Scheme, 'National Food Security Mission' (NFSM), was launched in October 2007. The Mission is being continued during 12th Five Year Plan with new targets of additional production of food grains of 25...
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...hurt people's feelings. As far as my own race, ethnic or cultural history I have learned that we have been a racial minority in the United States for many years. A record of 33.7 million Hispanics of Mexican origin resided in the United States in 2012, according to an analysis of Census Bureau data by Pew Research Center. This estimate includes 11.4 million immigrants born in Mexico and 22.3 million born in the U.S. who self-identified as Hispanics of Mexican origin. Also, Mexican Americans have been involved in every aspect of making the United States to a positive contribution to the American society building a more diverse nation and an excellent source of labor. Their culture will possibly continue to grow in the society with their food, religious beliefs, and music. As trends in immigration continue to shape the demographics of the United States, I...
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...Diversity in the United States Leslie Parvin ETH/125 September 8, 2013 Demetrick Pennie Diversity in the United States The information about diversity in the United States that was covered over the course of this class was very informative, and helped to better understand and relate to the many races that exist in our country in ways that I did not in the past. Furthermore, since my ancestors on my Father's side immigrated from Ireland, I learned more about the trials and tribulations they had to endure upon arriving to this great nation. In addition, the trends in immigration will continue to shape the demographics of our nation while we continue to face the challenges and benefits of such a large diverse nation. More important, although the United States is a nation built on immigrants our history shows we have a long way to go in order to foster a climate of acceptance and cultural pluralism. As a result, this course has helped me to understand how diverse our nation really is. Before taking this class, I had not really given much thought to how diverse our nation has become. However, after completing this class it has helped me in many ways to understand and properly identify not only the many races, but also the incredible uniqueness of their various cultures. According to Schaefer (2012), he stated, "In 2010, approximately 17 percent of the population was members of racial minorities, and another 16 percent or so were Hispanic" (p. 4). With this...
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...a wristband, that projects the user interface onto the subjects arm. The user could the control the device with voice commands or physically touching the area the image is displayed. This would allow devices to be used while swimming or any situation that involves water. I also see them beginning to tweak the software that Stephen Hawking uses to control his computer, and implementing it into cellular devices. This would allow people with physical disabilities to use and operate a cell phone by subtle gestures of the face, eyes, and neck. This would give them the ability to communicate with words if they cannot already. Eating a family meal in 2050 I see families in 2050 eating and enjoying healthy, natural, and organic foods. I see todays American youth realizing how unhealthy we are as a society, and how malnourished our foods actually are. They will realize the things we can do to take care of our bodies, and the benefits of healthy eating. Todays youth is tomorrows parents and leaders, and they will change the ways of American society very drastically as soon as they take power. I see them starting by taking focus on giving the world the scientific information that we are malnourished as a species, and showing them that if we don’t change, we will no longer have an earth to live on. Doing homework in 2025 I see homework in 2025 being completely digital, whether the class is taken online or not. I see institutions requiring work be completely computerized on digital copies...
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...To what extent can global food production meet the demands of today and tomorrow whilst remaining sustainable and ethical? In the first half of this century, agriculture will have to face several challenges. Currently food production can meet the whole worlds population needs, except it is not distributed fairly. World population is expected to soar by 34% to reach 9.1 billion by 2050, with the entire 2.3 billion rises to take place in the developing countries. Furthermore, not only will population growth take place entirely in developing countries but also it will occur mostly in urban areas that will swell by 86% or nearly 3 billion people while rural populations shrink by 18%. The combined effect of population growth, high-income growth and urbanization, with the shifts in diet structures towards more nutritious and higher quality foods, is expected to result in almost the doubling of demand for food, feed and fibre. There could be a few solutions for these issues, but the question is asked if they are both sustainable and ethical. Because of this increase in demand, natural resources such as land, water and biodiversity, will become more and more scarce because of increasing pressures. This means that a smaller rural workforce will have to produce more and better from fewer resources to meet future demand. In addition to the growing resource scarcity, global agriculture will have to cope with the effects of climate change, notably higher temperatures, greater rainfall variability...
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...issue with nutria because they are immigrating to the area and have been since the 1930’s. As the video states, nutria is not native to the Louisiana and was causing an environmental mess. This of course is coupled with the massive nutria breeding. In one year female nutria can give birth to 40 babies, when those offspring are six months old they are ready to breed themselves, and therefore the population will just keep growing. In Louisiana once the land is depleted of all of their food sources, they will either be forced to migrate or they will begin to die off and face a population crash. Although when we are speaking of the world’s population, we have a rapid increase that should be a concern to the United States because we have one of the highest population growth rates in the world. This is in despite of the United States fertility rates being low, we are still projected to have an estimated 420 million people by the year 2050. It is also projected by population experts that in the year 2050 the democratic republic of Congo and Ethiopia will replace that of Russia and Japan in the top ten. But in the overall Russia and Japan have low fertility rates, compared to other countries. Congo and Ethiopia also have low fertility rates in comparison with other countries. According to fertility experts china and India have the highest fertility rates in the...
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