...3 Regulations on food and beverage marketing to children Ieva Margevica 10360956 During the last twenty years marketing to children has become a vigorous tendency. As claimed by Schor (2004, p. 21), in 1980s companies used to spend 100 millions of dollars on marketing to kids. Whereas today, according to Eggerton (2007) in Linn’s and Novosat’s (2008, p. 134) research, this number has reached 15 billions of dollars, expended only on food and beverage marketing directed at youth. Additionally, in the last decades, as stated by de Onis, Blossni and Blogher (as cited in Carter, Petterson, Donovan, Ewing & Roberts, 2011), obesity and other health problem rates among kids have been rising along with the marketers’ attention to children. These simultaneously growing processes have led to the debates of marketers’ responsibility related to increasing rates of childhood obesity, diabetes and food preference distortion (Linn & Novosat, 2008, p. 134; Carter et al., 2011, p. 962; Boyland & Halford, in press, p. 1). As acknowledged by Carter’s et al. (2011, pp. 962-968) research, children are a vulnerable and easily persuadable group of society, which should be protected from marketing’s aspirations. In accordance with Boyland and Haford (in press, p. 2), the adopted regulations deviate between countries. With regard to previous studies about drawbacks, beneficial sides of existing restrictions related to marketing to youth, this paper will evaluate whether food and beverage...
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...Economics, University of Eichstaett/Ingolstadt, Ingolstadt, Germany Abstract Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to explore the opportunities of using halal regulation and certification as a mechanism for applying Islamic business ethics in contemporary world. Design/methodology/approach – The current practices of halal regulation and certification and literature on Islamic ethics were reviewed, to identify a practical approach for Islamic business ethics. Findings – Islam allows and accepts different levels of ethical commitment. A multi-level Islamic ethics framework and a multi-level halal certification approach are proposed to facilitate the implementation of Islamic business ethics in a relative context. Two major developments can enrich halal business practices: harmonization of global standards and governance structure, and integrating responsibility and ethical issues in halal standards. Practical implications – The proposed framework and developments can enrich halal regulation and certification practice. Originality/value – The paper emphasizes the importance of flexibility and adaptability in Islamic business ethics implementation, and proposes a new framework and approach to apply Islamic business ethics. Keywords Islam, Business ethics, Social responsibility, Corporate governance, Islamic ethics, Halal, Corporate responsibility Paper type Research paper Journal of Management Development Vol. 31 No. 10, 2012 pp. 1090-1100 r Emerald Group Publishing Limited 0262-1711...
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...Commission the power to enforce United States Antitrust legislation. The Clayton Antitrust Act ○ passed to prohibit mergers and acquisitions when those would substantially lessen competition. ○ enabled state attorney generals the ability to prosecute and enforce federal antitrust laws. ○ outlawed price discrimination, regulated stock acquisitions, and tying contracts ○ The Robinson - Pitman Act amended the Clayton Antitrust Act by banning discriminatory business practices. Celler-Kefauver Act 1950 ○ passed to regulate the acquisition of firms that were not in direct competition ○ limited mergers that would result in less competition in a market (Research Paper by Eveningepiphany. (n.d) B. Discuss the intended purpose of industrial (i.e., economic) regulation as it applies to the following market structures: 1....
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...the most was the Food and Drug Administration (FDA). I never realized how much these individuals actually do within my daily life whenever it comes to inspecting, approving, or running some facet of our lives. The agency which surprises me the least would be the Bureau of Tobacco, Alcohol, and Firearms as their entire purpose is to collect taxes whenever these items are sold. So when and why was the FDA formed? Was it in response to some national emergency or event? The “FDA is a branch of government housed within the department of Health and Human Services” (FDA,2010). The onset of the FDA was in direct correlation with the instituting of the Federal Food and Drug Act in 1906. The history of the FDA however can be traced all the way back to the latter part of the 19th Century under the US department of Agricultural Chemistry. Under the direction of chief chemist Harvey Washington Wiley in 1883 this branch of government began to investigate the adulteration and misbranding of food and drugs within the American government. (FDA, 2010) I do believe this was in direct response to an emergency as such drugs as cocaine, opium and heroin were consistently being added to medicinal elixirs and tonics. So what is the main responsibility of the FDA? Well the Food and Drug Modernization Act states the FDA has four primary objectives to accomplish under their administration and they are as follows: 1. To promote health by reviewing and approving new food and drugs for the...
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...University July 2014 This paper analyzes and compares the Scholar Feeding Programs which aim to prevent childhood obesity in the United States, and in Brazil. By comparing their two different programs, it’s possible to identify some of the causes of the recent changes in the epidemiological profile of the children. The study include comparison between policies for nutritional education, food sales and diseases prevention. For this research it was used data comparison as research strategy. This data was collected from the Brazilian Ministry of Health and the American Centro for Diseases Control (CDC). Currently, research shows that an epidemiological change is happening in the nutritional status of the population. Previously malnutrition was predominant, now obesity is taking its place. There are several factors leading to these changes, like inadequate food intake with the predominance of snacks and junk food. However, the most important factor is the changes in the feeding in the first five years of age, which strongly influence if someone will or will not become an obese adult. Ensuring that children receive adequate nutrition, Brazil and the United States established rules in the case of school meals. Forming healthy dietary practices through actions of nutritional education contributes to educational development and improves school performance. However, The U.S. and the Brazil government should develop better policies for nutritional education, and food sales to prevent diseases...
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...Drive-In Don’s fast food restaurant sells the most delicious burgers in town at the most affordable price. Elementary and high schools in the vicinity have contracted with the restaurant to serve burgers during lunch hour. However, the county health department’s one-year study shows that children from these schools have the highest cholesterol, are the most obese, and are the least active. George and Mary’s son, Randall, 12, attends one of the schools where Drive-In Don’s foods are served. He suffers from extreme obesity and high cholesterol and runs the risk of diabetes. George and Mary have sued Drive-In Don’s and the school, alleging that Drive-In Don’s is engaging in illegal deceptive advertising of its foods and is not truthful to customers. Further, the lawsuit states that the restaurant purposely fails to provide consumers details of the ingredients of its food products. Research consumer protection laws and regulations, using your textbook, the Argosy University online library resources, and the Internet. Based on the facts of the case and research, write an analytical paper (approximately 4-5 pages). In the paper, respond to the following questions: •Do George and Mary have a case? What are their strongest legal arguments? Explain. •What defense(s), if any, do the school and the restaurant have? Explain. •Can the government agencies, such as the Federal Trade Commission (FTC) help the plaintiffs in any way? Explain. Write a 4-5-page paper in Word format....
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...Kudler Fine Foods SR-kf-013 Frequent Shopper Program Kudler Fine Foods implementation of a frequent shopper program is believed to boost sales and customer loyalty (UoP Virtual Organization, 2004). This customer service enhancement has benefits for both the company and the customer as long as the requirements are reviewed and met sufficiently. The aspects that will be highlighted are as follows; System requirements, Legal and Ethical requirements, and Security. A financial review will also be required to determine if the program should be implemented. System Requirements The frequent shopper program falls under two departments; Sales and Marketing and Human Resources. Sales and marketing will determine promotions regarding the rewards and track customers usage. Sales and marketing will handle research for the programs as well; initial research, evaluation and refining the program will all be under the sales and marketing department. Human resources become involved ensuring all employees are scheduled for proper training. Each employee will undergo training for promoting the program, answering customer questions and ensuring the customer is receiving credits for each eligible purchase. Legal and Ethical Requirements The legal department will research the laws governing these types of programs in the area. The areas that require research are as follows; privacy, regulations regarding rewards, restrictions and fraud risks. Customer privacy is not...
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...Class notes from April 14, 2011 This presents three different sample outlines for the Preliminary Research Report, using different research topics. I have edited the outlines somewhat, mostly by re-arranging ideas into the appropriate section (for example, moving some questions out of III and moving them into III or vice versa). After the examples I present a brief review of style/voice—in other words, how to write up your information in each section, by demonstrating how you might begin each section. In these examples section I and II present questions that the Preliminary Report would answer. For example, the first paper would explain who was affected by Katrina, what Katrina was, and so on. Section III presents questions that the Preliminary Report would not answer but would describe. For example, the first paper would point out that experts are still debating whether the Army Corps of Engineers was negligent. You don’t have to answer these questions in your report, just mention what a few such questions are. In these examples section IV looks at possible answers to the research question. In your actual paper you’ll present one answer—the one you think is best—and a very brief (1-2 sentences) explanation of why you think that answer is best. Topic: Hurricane Katrina Subtopic: Government response and public reaction Research Question: Why was the public unhappy with the government’s response to Katrina? I. Introduce the overall topic, explain basic...
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...and Objective of the Study 5 1.3 Research Questions 5 2. Literature review 6 2.1 Defining private standards 6 2.2 Azerbaijan foreign trade overview 8 3. Standards, Exports and Developing Countries 9 3.1 Historical Emergence and Development of Private Standards 9 3.2 GlobalGAP 10 3.2 Assessing impact of private food standards 11 3.2.1. Impact indicators used in the literature - What to measure? 11 3.2. Impact assessment methodologies: How to measure? 13 4. Empirical Framework 14 4.1 Private Standards as Facilitators to Trade 14 4.2 Private Standards as Barriers to Trade 16 5. Analysis of the Impact of Private Food Standards on Azerbaijan's Export Trade Based On Literature Review Methodology 18 5.1 The General Form of the Literature Review Methodology…………… 18 5.2 Model Construction; Analysis of literature papers reviewed 21 5.5 Results and Analysis 24 6.6 Country differences: An Empirical Analysis 30 7. A Strategic Analysis on How to Protect Azerbaijan National Foreign Trade from Adverse Effects of Private Standards. 31 References 33 1 Introduction 1.1 Background In the last two decades, the increased globalization has seen trade standards take center stage in agri-trade regulations. Private standards have emerged as one of the most important mode of market governance in many countries. As many issues emerge pertaining to implications of food practices on health, the focus is on ensuring that the foods that enter or leave a given country...
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...Idea Poorly Poorly Implemented – A Food Fight in L.A. (2012). Electronic Ardell Wellness Report (E, AWR), (603), 3. Retrieved from http://search.ebscohost.com.proxy.devry.edu/login.aspx?direct=true&db=a9h&AN=70369738&site=ehost-live This article is about how the school board of the L.A. Unified School District made drastic changes the school lunch menu without consulting the kids first, and how the students did not like the changes at all. The new menu had fruits and vegetables making up at least half of the servings on every students plate. This new menu was widely rejected by students and a black market of junk food was even created by certain students. This article supports the idea that by including children in implementing changes in diet and menu, those changes may be more successful. It also points out that by slowly introducing kids to healthy alternatives and informing them about why a change to a healthier diet of fruits an vegetables is important to having a higher quality of life as they get older. This idea supports the second part of my research paper where I discuss the importance of children becoming interested in growing vegetables is an important part of changing the eating habits of American families. Thus, reducing the levels of obesity and type II diabetes in America. Bittman, M. (2011, September 24). Is junk food really cheaper?. Retrieved from http://www.nytimes.com/2011/09/25/opinion/sunday/is-junk-food-really-cheaper.html?_r=1&pagewanted=all ...
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...“Research Topics with Explanation”: Week 2 Assignment 1 Submission Professor English 215 January 17, 2014 Research Topics with Explanation Should changes be made to the regulations for foods that are served in public schools? I choose this as topic one because it made me recall that First Lady Michelle Obama issued a challenge to Get Fit and to put healthier food choices on school menus. The topic makes me curious to know if her challenge was met. The school board, School Nutrition program and parents of school age children are my target audience. A preliminary thesis statement is: Changes must be made to regulate foods that are served in public schools to closer match the United States Department of Agriculture’s (USDA) Dietary Food Pyramid Guide. Two credible sources that I would expect to use are the articles “School Food Environments and Policies in US Public Schools” and “Schools change menus for healthier lunches”. Should minors who commit violent crimes be tried as adults? I choose this as topic two because lately crimes of this nature are all over the media. I have never thought about this question. Therefore, I have no idea what position I would decide to defend. I am aware that one should have a strong opinion, thereby being able to make a strong agreement when writing a persuasive paper. However, although perhaps I currently lean towards not agreeing, I am intrigued to learn what my final position would be after conducting thorough research. The general...
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...Legal Focus Legal Focus Abstract There is a vast legal world in relation to product liability. This paper will identify what product reliability involves as it relates to the food industry. It will also highlight Kudler Fine Foods and show different strategies to assist in avoiding legal issues with product liability. Finally, the paper will highlight database tools researched specifically to help avoid product liability legal issues. Legal Focus Product liability has taken a turn over the years and has forced the public and government to pay closer attention to food labels, especially dietary supplements. The food industry is highly competitive and the high regulations could cause severe profit margin decreased in companies who do not legally represent themselves appropriately. Claims against companies in the food industry There are several areas where companies need to watch out for. The world is changing into this environmental friendly monster, which is outstanding, and it is affecting the food industry in the claims companies have to deal with. State consumer protection acts are other avenues where lawsuits can develop. “Food and beverage companies often face litigation in more than one jurisdiction, with more than one plaintiff, represented by separate sets of plaintiffs’ counsel” (http://www.sidley.com/productsliabilitylitigationfoodindustry/)...
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...Syllabus-MBA (Hospital Administration) PAPER – I: BASIC CONCEPT OF HEALTH -Code MHA 101 Concept of Health and Disease • Concept of health & disease and well being. • Natural history of disease and role of hospitals to offer various levels of care • Prevention aspect of diseases • Dynamics of disease transmission • Changing pattern of diseases • Concept of health indicators Preliminary Human anatomy and Physiology • Basic concepts of human anatomy • Basic concepts of human physiology Suggested Reading: Human Anatomy- Prof. Samar Mitra Human Anatomy- Prof. A. K. Dutta Text Book of Human Physiology- Dr. C. C. Chatterjee Common Pathological Conditions • Basic concepts of pathogenesis of common diseases • Basic concepts of interpretation of investigations reports Suggested Reading: Robbin’s Textbook of Pathology – Robbin, Cotran, Kumar Textbook of Microbiology – Ananantanarayan & Paniker Basic concepts of Pharmacology: Commonly used Medicine in a hospital, Narcotic drugs, use and abuse of drugs. Dispensing of medicine, Drugs store, drug stock / purchase of medicine, oxygen, I/V Fluid, Chemicals etc. Suggested Reading: Textbook of Pharmacology: Dr. K. D. Tripathi PAPER – 2: Hospital Based Healthcare & Its changing scenario-Code MHA 102 Overview of Hospital • Concept of Modern Hospital & Privatization in Health Sector • Public Sector Hospitals and Level of care / offered facilities ...
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...competitive surroundings and in customer demand. This would be shown on the demand curve, which is a two-dimensional graph of price on the vertical y-axis versus quantity on the horizontal x-axis. (Basu, 2011) For this microwavable food company I think pricing leadership should be used. The price for this product is inelastic and it is a leader in the low calorie meals arena. Finding the best price will maximize profits. If the price is too much, the company may discover a competitor is willing to lower their price just to try and steal consumers. On the other hand, if it is too low, it could possibly not cover the cost of production or associated costs of business. At any time a price is increased, it decreases consumer demand. Price is delicate task and under pricing in the hope cause the demand to go up can cause problems. These problems include: pricing too low below your competitor will cause a very low profit margins; secondly if you product is not well known and the price is low there may be seen as defective or cheap and consumer may not buy the product. This is an inelastic product so a price above our nearest competitors price and then there will be discounts given as coupons. This will get more consumers to try the low calorie microwavable food. This way the company will be lower the price without lowering the price permanently. (Miller, 2012)...
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...investment decisions will help determine the productivity6 level, cost, and future cash flow. The plan is to expand the low-calorie frozen, microwavable food company which is currently facing increased cost for the major ingredients of the product. This paper will outline a plan that managers in this company could follow in anticipation of raising prices when selecting pricing strategies for making the products response to a change in price less elastic. Next, this paper will examine the major effects that government policies have on production and employment, predict the potential effects that government policies could have on the company, determine whether or not government regulation is needed to ensure fairness along with identifying the major reasons for government involvement in a market economy, provide two examples of government involvement, examine the major complexities that would arise under expansion via capital projects and propose key actions that the company could take in order to prevent or address these complications. Lastly, this paper will suggest the substantive manner in which the company could create a convergence between the interest of stockholders and managers and indicate the most likely impact to profitability of such a convergence. Outline a plan that managers in the low-calorie, frozen microwaveable food company could follow in anticipation of raising prices when selecting pricing strategies for making their products response to a change in price less...
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