...Indian Leather Industry The leather industry occupies a place of prominence in the Indian economy in view of its massive potential for employment, growth and exports. There has been an increasing emphasis on its planned development, aimed at optimum utilisation of available raw materials for maximising the returns, particularly from exports. The exports of leather and leather products gained momentum during the past two decades. There has been a phenomenal growth in exports from Rs.320 million in the year 1965-66 to Rs.69558 million in 1996-97. Indian leather industry today has attained well merited recognition in international markets besides occupying a prominent place among the top seven foreign exchange earners of the country. The leather industry has undergone a dramatic transformation from a mere exporter of raw materials in the sixties to that of value added finished products in the nineties. Policy initiatives taken by the Government of India since 1973 have been instrumental to such a transformation. In the wake of globalisation of Indian economy supported with liberalised economic and trade policies since 1991, the industry is poised for further growth to achieve greater share in the global trade. Apart from a significant foreign exchange earner, leather industry has tremendous potential for employment generation. Direct and indirect employment of the industry is around 2 million. The skilled and semi-skilled workers constitute nearly 50% of the total work...
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...1.1 Origin 1.2 Why chosen 1.3 Objectives 1.4 Methodology followed 4 Chapter-2 . BACKGROUND 2.1 Background 2.2 Sector Highlights 2.3 Industry Outlook 2.4 Various leather goods 2.5 Current Export Policy 2.6 Investment Incentive 7----11 Chapter-3 MARKET 3.1 Historical background of leather and and leather goods industry 3.2 Bangladesh in the international Market eather goods industry 3.3 Global market for leather footwear 3.3.1 World Import of leather and leather products 3.3.2 Trend in World Trade in Leather and Leather Products & main competing countries 3.3.3 Top Importing countries of Leather and Leather Products 3.3.4 Top Exporting countries of Leather and Leather Products 3.3.5 International Market Trend 3.3.6 Asia in the world leather footwear market 3.3.7 Status of Leather Industry In Neighboring Country - India 3.4 Case for Bangladesh 3.4.1 Background 3.4.2 Leather footwear Industry 3.4.3 Export earning from leather footwear 3.4.4 Comparative advantage of Bangladesh 3.4.5 Labor cost, a crucial factor in the labor intensive Industry...
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...A Case Study of Footwear Industry in India Sandip Sarkar The Context The Indian footwear industry has developed substantial links in the global production network. But, this industry is still dominated by firms that cater largely to the domestic market through the artisanal production system. Specific footwear centres and sections of firms in traditional footwear clusters have established strong relations with the export market. Still, there are only few firms (e.g., Lotus Footwear Ltd., Apache Footwear Ltd. Etc.) that are directly involved in the global production chain of multinational corporation (MNC) in the sports footwear category.. Apart from TATA, no large domestic corporate firm is involved in the footwear production either for export or in the domestic market. The marketing system of export and domestic markets can be aptly compared in the theoretical framework of transaction cost economics (Tesfom et. al, 2003). The key elements of this framework are asset specificity, uncertainty and frequency. In this low technology industry entry barrier is low and asset specificity is largely related to market information. In export market, the market research is largely undertaken by importers (wholesalers, retail chain stores, departmental stores etc.). In the absence of organised market research by wholesalers (along with low development of retail chain stores) direct entry into domestic market requires substantial resources. Second, greater uncertainty exists in the domestic...
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...Boots Entering the European Union Market Despite the recession, a growing number of European Union consumers turn away from cheap shoes. They prefer quality footwear that is fashionable, lasts longer and fits well within their personal style. According to the survey, best opportunities for exporters are in niches such as casual footwear made of reycled material, ethical footwear, flip-flops, clogs or in comfortable evening footwear of a good design. The EU is the largest market for footwear, being ahead of the USA, representing one third of the global market value. In most EU countries, footwear increasingly has become a statement among (working) women. A good design, fashion and more walking comfort were driving the market. Casual footwear is the largest category within the footwear sector, which has continued to grow in the past few years. The trend of ‘dressing down’ in offices further stimulates the shift from formal footwear to casual footwear. This is taking place in many of the EU countries and gradually in some of the the Eastern EU countries. The increased sales of boots has also driven the casual footwear market. Casual footwear is highly represented in Germany, France, the Netherlands and Spain. In order to compete on a global level and share some of their costs, smaller producers have been joining with colleagues, designers and trade associations. This has proved to be much more...
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...BATA INDIA LTD India is only second to China with a market share of 13%.The main challenge Indian footwear Industry is facing is imports of cheap footwear from China. Now with allowance of 100% FDI in single brand retail competition in the sector will increase but that is going to take some time. Bata is one of the largest and oldest footwear brands of India. Annual sales- 45 million pair of footwear Company has 5 manufacturing facility and company will invest Rs 25 crore to upgrade its production facilities. At present company is not focusing on improving margins. Number of retail stores-1200, company has a retail expansion strategy of opening 60 new retail stores every year and renovating existing stores. On an average the store size is of 3000 sq ft. Company is planning to open 120 large format retail stores and the cost to set up such stores is between Rs 40 -50 lakh. Sales Institutional sales Company has exclusive division of Bata India to meet the requirement of various industries viz hospitality, healthcare, aviation, education and government organisation. The division collaborates with corporate customers to design exclusive shoe lines under various national and international brands- HUSH PUPPIES, AMBASSADOR, COMFIT, SCHOLL, NORTH STAR and POWER etc. Company has come up with a patented MICROBAN technology which keeps shoes completely bacteria free. Urban wholesale Company’s urban wholesale division consist of 12 depots across the country, 180 distributors and...
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...Submitted by WWW.ASSIGNMENTPOINT.COM Footwear is a traditional export item of Bangladesh. Footwear produced from high quality leather in the country enjoys a good reputation worldwide for their quality. The country, however, has a growing success in this sector. The business experts believe that export earnings from the sector could be substantially increased if we use advanced technology to produce high quality footwear. This, however, depends on adoption of appropriate policies on the part of the government and business community to develop the sector. The products must be improved to satisfy the quality requirements demanded by the consumers of the international market especially of the developed world. The low wage rate and poor enforcement of environmental laws and rules have given the country’s footwear sector a comparative advantage in the world market. Moreover, the country enjoys duty exemption under the GSP (Generalized System of Preference) from the most of the importing countries of the developed world. Bangladesh also enjoys a reduction of Tariff and other non-Tariff barriers from WTO (World Trade Organization). While this provide an opportunity for a country like Bangladesh to boost up its export. 1.2 Objectives: The objectives of this study are as follows: 1.2.1 To know about the environment of selected products sectors- Footwear. 1.2.2 To know about the overall international trade statistics for last...
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...Planning (ERP) software system. This paper will examine the supply chain problems Nike was trying to fix with the new system, the problems that arose from the implementation of the new system, and how Nike resolved these problems. Nike was founded in 1957 on the vision of two men, Bill Bowerman and Phil Knight; a vision to redefine the industry of athletic footwear. Bill Bowerman was a track and field coach at the University of Oregon in search of a competitive edge for his athletes, a competitive edge which could be achieved by spearheading changes to the running shoes of the time. At the time, Adidas and Puma were the dominant brands of running shoes. Phil Knight, a Portland runner with a degree in finance from Stanford University, proposed to compete with the German (Adidas and Puma) brands of running shoes by manufacturing them in Japan, which at the time was experiencing a post WWII boon in its economy, and their stage of manufacturing development was at a point where the focus was on copying established American and European products at a lower cost, relying on cheap labor and foreign economic stimulus in the Frances J. Rey Bus205 form of loans and capital investments to power their economy. Before starting Nike, Phil Knight was a distributor for Tiger running shoes. He knew of Bill Bowerman’s reputation as...
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...LEATHER: Controversial Raw-Material in Fashion World | | | | | | | | Term-Paper on Leather: Controversial Raw-Material in Fashion World Submitted to:- Mr. Md. Gazi Salah Uddin Senior Lecturer & Assistant Proctor Department of Business Administration East West University Submitted by:- Students Name | Students ID | Nusrat Binta Nasir | 2009-1-10-272 | Sabrina Zaman | 2009-1-10-054 | Saima Nusrat Shorna | 2009-1-10-055 | Samir Ahmed | 2009-1-10-051 | Md. Shafiar Rahman Rana | 2008-3-10-038 | Section: 03 Submission Date: 06/04/2011 Letter of Transmittal Mr. Md. Gazi Salah Uddin Senior Lecturer & Assistant Proctor Department of Business Administration East West University Subject: Letter of Transmittal. Dear Sir, Here is the report that you have assigned to us a partial requirement of the ITB301 course. We have thoroughly enjoyed the work. Thank you very much for assigning this important job to us. Yours sincerely, Nusrat Binta Nasir ID: 2009-1-10-272 ............................... Sabrina Zaman ID: 2009-1-10-054 ............................... Saima Nusrat Shorna ID: 2009-1-10-055 ............................... Samir Ahmed ID: 2009-1-10-051 ............................... Md. Shafiar Rahman Rana ID: 2008-3-10-038 ................................ Acknowledgement: We express our heartfelt thanks to Mr. Md. Gazi Salah Uddin from whom...
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...Analysis-of-leather-industry-of-babgladesh Chapter One: (Introduction) By- MD. Musawir Hasan http://edupedia.educarnival.com/ /September 6, 2012 Introduction The contribution of the industry sector to Bangladesh economy has been on the increase. Among the fifteen sectors identified for national income “Leather Industry” is one of them. Industry is the backbone upon which the economy of any country prevails. The growth of economy, the internal development of a nation depends upon the development of industrial sector. The cheap, reliable, and abundant labor available in Bangladesh is attractive to the world’s leading transnational corporations, but they have been very slow to move into the country, as they face regular industrial unrest led by radical trade unions, poorly developed infrastructure, red tape, and a very small local market. As in neighboring India, the Bangladeshi government promoted the idea of state-led industrialization combined with heavy state involvement in and state control of enterprise activities. This report is prepared as a fulfillment of partial requirement of “Industrial Organization and Management of Technology” course. It has been authorized by honorable course teacher Professor Syed Golam Maola to make a report on “Analysis of Leather Industries of Bangladesh”. Objectives: General Objective: This study is a partial requirement of the course on “Industrial Organization and Management of Technology”. The general objective of the study is to analyze...
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...Leningrad Region Chamber of Commerce General information • General overview of retail market. * • Retail sales in Russia in 2008 accounted 13,850 tr. Rub (380 bln. EUR). • The forecast for 2009 is 15,235 tr.Rub – the growth is only 10% vs 27% growth in 2008. • The majority of Russian retail operators have changes their plans on store openings for 2009. • Clothing retail market overview: • Clothing, footwear and accessories remains the second‐largest retail sector after food retailing in Russia. In 2008 it amounted to 1,452 bln RUB (40 bln. EUR) • In 2008 clothing accounted for 61,7% of the total market, footwear – 35,9%, accessories – 2,4% • In 2009 –estimation is about 4,9% decreasing * PMR research ”Clothing and footwear retail market in Russia 2009‐Luxury market insights and development Leningrad Region Chamber of Commerce Segmentation Price segmentation • Low - up to 35 euro • Medium ( low, medium, upper)- up to 70 euro • Premium – 70 euro and more Type segmentation • Women’s wear ‐ 60% • Menswear – 28% • Children’s wear • Sport and casual wear • Footwear • Accessories Leningrad Region Chamber of Commerce Specifics of Russians consuming • Traditionally, the main buyers in Russia are women. • The market of men's...
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...e-commerce sector. Over the past two years, Columbia Sportswear has made significant investments to expand beyond its history as a wholesaler, selling goods only to other retailers, to incorporate its own retail identity. Over the last two years, Columbia Sportswear has built a good presence in ecommerce through its Columbia, Sorel and Mountain Hardwear brand e-commerce sites. According to MarketLine, the European online retail sector grew by 18.2% in 2011 to reach a value of $200.9 billion. The performance of the market is forecast to accelerate to the value of $472.9 billion in 2016, an increase of 135.4% since 2011. In-line with the forecasted growth, Columbia Sportswear launched its new Columbia and Sorel-branded e-commerce sites in UK, France, Spain, Germany, Italy, Austria, Belgium and the Netherlands. Columbia Sportswear could capitalize on this growing market to further consolidate its global market share. The move of establishing its online presence would also help Columbia Sportswear get more control over the pricing strategy and further extend its brand awareness. Expansion into China Columbia Sportswear entered into an agreement with Swire Resources in August 2012 to form a joint venture to expand the market-leading position of its Columbia brand and to establish and grow the Mountain Hardwear brand in China. Swire Resources, a subsidiary of Swire Pacific Limited, has been Columbia Sportswear's exclusive independent distributor of Columbia and Mountain Hardwear branded...
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...Under Armour: Working to stay on Top of Its Game The following is an in-depth analysis of the company Under Armour. It has been one of the fastest growing productions, along with one of the top runners in the athletic apparel industry. The future of Under Armour remains unclear, but hopeful. There are many questions and issues that founder Kevin Plank and his executive leadership team must consider as the company moves forward; but analysts believe that the demand for Under Armour’s apparel products remain strong. Nike, Adidas, and Columbia Sportswear are all frontrunners against Under Armour in the industry. The first section of this report will cover an overview of the trends in, economics, political/legal, social/cultural-global, technology, and demographics. Economics Under Armour Company has been growing substantially. In 2008 its gross profit was $353,041, in 2009 it was $410,125, and in 2010 it only rose higher to $530,507. Its new income from operating expenses went up as well. In 2008 it was $38,229, in 2009 it was $46,758, and in 2010 it was $68,447. In North America and Canada, Under Armours net revenue in 2008 was $692,388, in 2009 it was $808,020, and in 2010 $997,816. In foreign countries it inclines as well. In 2008 Under Armours net revenue was $32,856, in 2009 it was $48, 391, and in 2010 it was $66,111. If the company follows this trend its profits are simply going to rise. Political/Legal The political and legal environment of Under Armour is greatly...
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...Introduction Nike is a name of the major manufacturer of athletic footwear, apparel and equipment for a wide-ranging of sports from the United States. According to Ashford (1997) it was established in 1963 by Phil Knight as ‘Blue Ribbon Sports’ and began as an importer for the running shoes, which were imported from Japan. In 1972, the new name ‘Nike’ has introduced with an extensive product range to more variety of footwear and apparel for sports. Since then, Nike sales grew progressively to be the leading sportswear company. While, growth went beyond its national home base, especially in European region. Since 1980s, after firstly success with local distributors, Nike decided to possess its own distribution centres by acquired its distributors business in all the leading countries and integrated into its owned subsidiaries. However, each country still ran its operations such as warehousing and logistics separately. Hence, in 1992, Nike made up its mind to reorganizing its European internal supply chain management and logistics (Ashford 1997). Because the entirely synchronized of materials flow and customer demands for the finished goods, that produces is the idyllic implementation for an internal supply chain management (Waage 2008). If the company do not achieve this ideal, it might lead to uncoordinated forecasts and decisions that produce inadvertent accumulation of inventories, excessive lead times, delays in production and product being left unsold finally...
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...will be needed by companies to get predict about the market and business that can effects the products the companies will sell. Next, promotion strategy is the way to attract or to pull more customers by advertising or some range technique that can reach the costumers. Lastly, distribution strategy is more directly to where the companies are going to sell their product and where it is produce. This paper will contain about compare and contrast between Puma’s and Under Armour’s way of developing their marketing strategy on the product, price, promotion and place. First of all, Puma corporate strategy is to become the most sportlifestyle brand in the world. It also That’s the reason why people want to buy puma’s product especially the footwear product, there are many various model of their shoes also many kind of the sport shoes such as football, golf, running, etc. Puma’s black label is the collaboration with the renowned designer such as Alexander McQueen, Yasuhiro...
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...Background Italy sells more clothing than France but the French excel in high quality and luxury products. However much higher-end French ready-to-wear and knitwear is made in Italy and China as the manufacturing quality is better than in France. The retail market is dominated by specialist fashion chain stores, and the number of independent boutiques has declined by almost nineteen per cent in last twelve years. On the other hand, mail order and e-commerce represent growing sector at eight per cent of the apparel market. Italy has much stronger government –supported fashion infrastructures whereas top creative positions in fashion, advertising, photography, magazines are held by Italians all over the world. Italy was totally devastated by World War II and its after-effects, and the country itself took a relatively long time to recover even with the financial aid from the United States. However, it has since grown tremendously and now position as strongest in the fashion industry through excellent craftsmanship. Fashion is Italy’s second –largest industry after food products, and the country is the largest exporter of textiles and clothing in EU in the world. It dominates in the areas of Footwear, leather and knitwear, and is specially good at producing men’s ready-to-wear (moda pronta) suits. Although manufacturing is dispersed throughout Italy, Milan is its nerve centre. The Italian fabric industry is an exciting and innovative business to the demands of designers worldwide...
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