...Future Strategic Direction for Foreign Aid Canada TO: Foreign Aid Canada's Executive Management Team From: Pat Innes Subject: Review of the future direction of Foreign Aid Canada Executive Summary: Introduction: The purpose of this report is to provide a strategic analysis of the alternatives available. The report will also provide a recommendations that will: • That Foreign Aid Canada (FAC) will able to meet its new mandate of joining the fight against AIDS. • Meet the criteria set out by the CIDA officials • Ensure that Foreign Aid Canada (FAC) This report will also provide analysis of the company's current situation and present all strategic and operational issues. The report also includes instructions on how to implement the recommendation should the owners adopt the alternative suggested by this report. Situational Analysis: Mission Statement: Foreign Aid Canada provides humanitarian, emergency relief, development assistance through agricultural, water and irrigation projects, and HIV/AIDS prevention and treatment to African and Asian countries in need. Vision Statement: Foreign Aid Canada vision is for a world with out unnecessary suffering. Strategic Goals/Targets: • Foreign Aid Canada (FAC) wants to ensure that their decision to join the fight against AIDS is done in the most efficient and cost effective way possible while also meeting the requirements...
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...(Alon & Herbert, 2009, p. 127). Alternatively, we can employ a less succinct definition, but one that more or less encompasses a similar wide range of events, as others do (for example, Jakobsen, 2010) – and as this paper does: here, political risk is conceived as those events, actions, processes, or characteristics of a socio-political nature that have the potential to – directly or indirectly – significantly and negatively affect the goals of foreign direct investors. Applying such a broad definition ensures that the concept of political risk embraces a multitude of incidents. Thus, cases of political risk will differ markedly with respect to the actors involved, the particularities of each harmful event, the root sources of investor trouble, and the firms or industries affected. Take, for example, the notorious case of Bolivia. On May 1st 2006, Bolivia‟s left-wing president, Evo Morales, kick-started a process of nationalization of foreign-owned petroleum firms that has continued to this day. 1 This came about after the country, three years earlier, had been rocked by a series of violent riots and demonstrations by ordinary, poor citizens and radical leftist groups alike. The unrest forced the resignation of the nation‟s pro-American president, Gonzalo Sánchez de Lozada. The purported bone of contention was a planned project under which the landlocked country‟s abundant natural-gas reserves were ...
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...Canadian Involvement in the Vietnam War; Playing Both Sides. Although Canada “officially non-belligerent” in the war against Vietnam they were active and played a huge role for and against the war. It is a common belief that Canada’s position during the Vietnam War was strictly neutral but the government was more involved than many Canadians realize. The Canadian government aided the U.S by sending Medical equipment, providing technical assistance as well as diplomatic aid. In 1981, it was discovered that Canada had been secretly involved in testing U.S chemical warfare agents for Vietnam. The Canadian government also welcomed about 30,000 American war resisters and draft-dodgers who did not support the war across the Canadian borders; at the same time about 30,000 Canadians crossed the border to volunteer to help the U.S soldiers fight in Vietnam. Scholars like Jessica Squires spoke on The Canadian Anti-Draft Movement, which “was a network of groups in Canadian cities that actively supported the immigration of War resisters”. This Network was active from 1966-1973 and its activities were seen as a sort of resistance to the American War on Vietnam. At this time in the early 1970s there had been protests and demonstrations in Canada and various parts of the world, which denounced the war on Vietnam and the actions if the U.S Government and this Anti-Draft Movement was one of the ways Canadians were able to influence or oppose the Vietnam War. In 1966, Hans...
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...because it left the Nixon administration with two options to maintain bilateral relations with Latin America. He could either give more economic aid or assist the authoritarian governments. 2. Why did the US oppose Allende's democratically elected government? How responsible was the US for its overthrow? Allende sought to improve the living standards of his nation by decreasing the influence of large land owners and US multinational corporations. As a result, the US copper mining companies and the International Telephone and Telegraph feared that they would lose more under his power. Also, Nixon feared that if Chile...
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...Introduction Canada boasts about being a multi-cultural mosaic, a land of opportunity, with a vision to build “a stronger Canada – a safe and secure country with a shared bond of citizenship and values; a country that continues to support our humanitarian tradition and draws the best from the world to help build a nation that is economically, socially and culturally prosperous” (Government of Canada, 2011). Yet a look at the income statistics for Canadian immigrants makes one wonder whom is prospering economically. Are Canadian immigrants given equal economic opportunity when they arrive here, or are they subject to economic inequality? To answer this question, one can first look at earnings statistics and reports from Statistics Canada. This information can provide basic earnings information on immigrants, which will show how much Canadian immigrants earn in comparison to their native Canadian counterparts. A few drawbacks of using this information are that the statistics haven’t been updated since 2006, so the numbers may not be completely accurate, and numbers alone do not tell the whole story. As such, peer reviewed research articles and papers on the subject of economic inequality in Canadian immigrants can be used. These articles and papers provide both qualitative and quantitative information that paints a clearer picture of the situation. However, many of these papers are usually biased towards writer’s point-of-view, so there may be a lack of complete information...
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...THE BALANCE OF PAYMENTS ALWAYS BALANCES Economic Concepts Balance of payments Capital account Current account Financial assets Trade deficit Trade surplus Content Standards Standard 5: Students will understand that: Voluntary exchange occurs only when all participating parties expect to gain. This is true for trade among individuals or organizations within a nation, and among individuals or organizations in different nations. • Students will be able to use this knowledge to: Negotiate exchanges and identify the gains to themselves and others. Compare the benefits and costs of policies that alter trade barriers between nations, such as tariffs and quotas. Benchmarks, Grade 12: At the completion of grade 12, students will know • A nation pays for its imports with its exports. Lesson Overview Balance of payments accounting is an often misused and misunderstood tool for keeping track of our economy’s flow of imports and exports. While the data, itself, is neutral, it is sometimes reported in ominous tones, especially when the numbers total up to a deficit in the merchandise account. As students learn more about trade, they appreciate that a trade deficit is not necessarily bad any more than a trade surplus is necessarily good. This lesson reinforces their appreciation of that reality by identifying the components of the balance of trade. Learning about the flow of financial assets captured in the...
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...concept where the cost and production of a product decreases in a larger market, such as the United States – Canadian media purchases and airs more foreign (often American) programming than Canadian programming (Gasher, Skinner & Lorimer 34). Also, the cheaper American programming is preferred by Canadians and it attracts more audiences for advertisement revenue. In Canada, the media is heavily dependant on advertising. Advertising connects consumers to products and, primarily, is the chief source of income for the production and distribution...
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...multiculturalism. What are the advantages and disadvantages of officially promoting multiculturalism? 4. Outline the arguments for and against the policy of multiculturalism. What are the advantages and disadvantages of officially promoting multiculturalism? Background Multiculturalism in Canada is the ideology that all people have equal opportunities and rights regardless of their races, religions and, cultural backgrounds. The Canadian government during the 1970s and 1980s adopted the official policy of multiculturalism in Canada. It originated from the 1960s Royal Commission on Bilingualism and Biculturalism. In 1971, Prime Minister Pierre Elliott Trudeau declared that the country would adopt multicultural policy. In 1982, multiculturalism was recognized by section 27 of the Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms. Canadian Multiculturalism Act was then passed by Prime Minister Brain Mulroney in 1988. The Act has two fundamental principles: all citizens have equal rights and it promotes all communities of different origins. (Kobayashi, 1983) Benefits of Multiculturalism policy in Canada Economic Benefits Multiculturalism helps integrate visible minorities into the labour market. Canada has experienced more participation of members of minority groups in different business sectors, such as transportation, communications, and banking. The increased participation is the result of the government's effort of providing a number of programs to ensure equality in the workplace...
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...Now a day’s most of foreign aid to Ethiopia comes from the western countries and other multilateral organizations. Comparatively the total flow of foreign aid has increased under the current regime due to changes in policies which meet the interests of donors, and adoption of a market-oriented economic system. Since the policy change by the present regime the magnitude of aid has increased continuously. Following the change of government in 1991 and the adoption of the structural adjustment program in 1992 in particular, the country has received a significant amount of aid. A large inflow of concessionary loans and grants has occurred since 2001, following the issuance of the first poverty reduction strategy paper (known as the Sustainable...
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...Foreign Currency & The Economy Author: Ashish Ghangrekar Abstract: This paper attempts to discuss about the relation between Foreign Currency & the Economy. The paper develops the correlation between foreign currency & the economy. It further goes on to discuss the various parameters that affect this correlation. Finally, a few hypotheses drawn from the discussion are presented at the end of the paper. Introduction: Foreign Exchange & foreign currency is the elastic link between various independent political states. The Central Bank of a country frames the monetary policy to maintain a desirable Foreign exchange rate & regulate the flow of foreign currency in an economy. Now let us understand the correlation & interplay between foreign currency & the various economic parameters. In a floating regime of exchange rates, the interest rates in the country are adjusted so as to vary its real exchange rates & also as a measure to control inflation. Therefore a developing capitalist country will have its Central Bank adopt the policy of keeping its interest rate as low as possible. This will enable the entrepreneurs & the various economic actors to obtain capital at a cheaper rate. It will also help to maintain a low real exchange rate & hence boost domestic exports. Growing exports will see a positive trade balance or a Current Account Surplus. With a current account surplus the country can make strategic investments in the foreign markets or acquire factories. This will result...
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...warehouses that provide an assortment of exclusive and secluded label products in a variety of stock categories in no-frills, self-service warehouse facilities. The organizations product categories include candy, snack foods, tobacco, alcoholic and non-alcoholic beverages, and cleaning and institutional supplies; appliances, electronics, health and beauty aids, hardware, office supplies, garden and patio, sporting goods, furniture, and automotive supplies; dry and institutionally packaged foods; apparel, domestics, jewelry, housewares, media, home furnishings, cameras, and small appliances; meat, bakery, deli, and produce; and gas stations, pharmacy, food court, optical, one-hour photo, hearing aid, and travel. It offers Business and Gold Star (individual) memberships. As of October 8, 2009, the corporation operated a chain of 560 warehouses encompassing 407 in 40 states and Puerto Rico, 77 in Canada, 21 in the United Kingdom, 7 in Korea, 6 in Taiwan, and 9 in Japan, as well as 32 warehouses in Mexico and 1 in Australia. Costco Wholesale Corporation also propositions its products through costco.com in the U.S. and through costco.ca in Canada. It has a strategic alliance with Valdez Heli-Camps. The company, formerly known as Costco Companies, Inc., was founded in 1976 and is based in Issaquah, Washington. The company’s premier membership is the executive membership which allows its members the opportunity to purchase a selection of reduced consumer services such as identity protection...
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...Export Development Canada (EDC) Photo: EDC, About Exporting Export Development Canada (EDC) is a Canadian agency that provide export credit and export trade to Canadian entrepreneur for international business. It is a crown corporation that gets collaboration from the Government of Canada. EDC provides insurance and financial services, bond products and small business solutions to Canadian exporters including their international buyers. EDC also supports abroad and investors into Canada. EDC provide financing solutions, with a wide range of government programs that aim to help Canadian entrepreneurs. These government programs provide grants, loans or other financial assistance and information are available to Canadian region and industry. 1. The Canadian government does a lot to facilitate international trade. EDC and DFAIT encourage Canadian companies to get involved in trade. They fill a number of different roles in this effort. Describe what EDC and DFAIT do (provide 2 examples for each of them) to promote and encourage international trade. EDC supporting Canadian in the World. Photo: EDC, Support Business Worldwide EDC Contribution to Encourage Trade: * Export Development Canada (EDC) has facilitated over $20 billion to Canadian exports in Brazil for more than one decade. In 2000 EDC serve 169 companies, and increase the number of companies to 338. The business volume is $2.1 billion. Also, EDC insured 861 international buyers. The Canadian Trade Commissioner...
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...University of Havana in 1945 and graduated with a law degree in 1950. In 1948 he married Mirta Diaz Balart but they were soon divorced in 1954. His son Fidel Castro Diaz Balart became the head of Cuba's atomic energy commision. Castro was a very good vocalist and he brought himself national prominence by leading an attack on Moncada army barracks. Due to this attack he was sentenced to 15 years in prison, which only lasted for 2 years. After being in exhile in Mexico, Castro returned with 81 others, including Che Guevera, to Cuba and launched a successful guerrilla war. Castro became a strong leader and many other countries begun to fear him. In Cuba the state is the head of the economy and controls almost all trade between foreign countries. Many reforms have been undertaken by the government so that the labor incentives would increase and so that there would be no shortages of food or goods and services. Liberalized agricultural markets were introduced in 1994, which made the farmers sell at any price, and helped to reduce black market prices. The exchange rate for the Cuban peso moved from a peak of 120 to 21 when the government tried to shrink the money supply. The introduction of new taxes in 1996 allowed...
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...success in Latin America and Canada was due to the fact that they could respond quickly to cultural errors such as creating a large parking lot in Mexico’s Wal-Mart when many customers used the bus. This was solved by creating bus shuttles to make customers’ travels across the parking lot easier. They were “easy to address” mistakes. It also changed its competitive emphasis to customer service and providing more variety in its stores than the competitors. They also bought other local stores for pursuit of internal growth. Wal-Mart also quickly learned that when expanding internationally sometimes it does not work in your favor to “stick so closely to the domestic Wal-Mart blueprint…”Latin American Wal-Marts also had large success because they were large developing nations where market entry was easier. Although Canada was a more matured nation than those of Latin America, Wal-Mart still thrived there and bought 122 Woolco stores and transition teams were also brought in from the U.S. to aid the transformation. Entry was the hardest in Europe. Although Wal-Mart took a similar approach as they had in Canada ( by acquiring 95 chain stores in Germany and 229 stores in the United Kingdom), but the market was very advanced and competitive. This was true especially in Germany. Wal-Mart had a limited European infrastructure with too many U.S. employees who didn’t speak German. Wal-Mart’s well-known inventory and systematic specialties were also foreign to suppliers. Also, German customers...
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...living in Canada, which is 16% of the total Canadian population. (See Graph 1, Immigrants as a Percentage of Canada's Population, 1901-1996) Over the past decades the level of immigration in Canada has increased from an average of 137 000 immigrants arriving in Canada in the 1960s to an average of about 200 000 in 1998. (See Table1, Annual Immigration Plan 1998) The largest share of immigrants admitted into Canada are in the economic class, in 1994, close to half of the new immigrants coming to Canada were economic class immigrants. Immigration is needed to maintain the Canadian population; "Canada will be an aging society with such a low birth rate that it will soon be unable to sustain its population without sustained immigration." Immigrants are a source of labour to the Canadian economy; immigrants are as likely as people born in Canada to be employed, and many are skilled workers that the Canadian economy is in need of. Business class, investor and entrepreneur immigrant help to provide job opportunities in the economy, and also generate more economic activities and income for the Canadian economy. "Analysis of data from the household/family file of the 1981 Canadian Census of Population reveals that, regardless of origin, immigrants benefit the Canadian-born population through the public treasury." Immigrants are an aid to the Canadian economy as a result of its ability to sustain the aging population, to provide labour, and job opportunities. Firstly, Canada, like other...
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