Premium Essay

Fourth Amedment

In:

Submitted By hasbeenthere
Words 2528
Pages 11
The Fourth Amendment: Search and Seizure
Erek Anderson, Rachel Coen, Lawana Garfias, Malerie Gomez,
Nicholas Tellez & Sara Ungerer
CJA/364
February 16, 2015
Instructor: Bobby Kemp

Search and Seizure
Search and seizures are highly debated topics in the United States. Stop and frisk, automobile searches and border searches all fall within the guidelines of the Fourth Amendment. Discussed in this paper will be what reasonable searches, seizures and arrests are and how they are applied. Also to be discussed is whether probable cause is needed during warrantless searches and how the right to privacy is weighed. Finally, this paper will discuss how America’s borders are being protected by the Fourth Amendment, and what exceptions to the rule are necessary to protect America’s security interests.
Stop-and-Frisk
The definition of a “stop and frisk” is when the police temporarily detain a person and “pat down” their outer clothing if a law enforcement officer believes a suspect is armed and dangerous (Center for Public Education, 2015). For example, if a person is observed walking back and forth in front of jewelry store, meets another person around the corner from the store, and an officer observes one person handing the other person something which they put into their jacket. The officer can stop and frisk that suspect because they will have a reasonable suspicion that the suspects could be armed, and are possibly going to commit a crime. A frisk, by definition, is a type of search that requires an officer to have a lawful reason to stop and search (Center for Public Education, 2015). When an officer is going to frisk a person, it cannot be for any other reason than to look for and protect themselves from a person carrying a dangerous weapon, such as a gun or knife.
When discussing searches and seizures, privacy and reasonableness are concerning issues. In

Similar Documents

Free Essay

“Mothers - at - Work and Stay - at - Home Mothers on Children’s Attitude Towards Family and Learning: Basis for the Development of Some (Strengthening Oneself Through Mother’s Enduring) Love Program”

...Name : Vigiline B. Apoli Title : “Mothers - at - Work and Stay - at - Home Mothers on Children’s Attitude towards Family and Learning: Basis for the Development of SOME (Strengthening Oneself through Mother’s Enduring) Love Program” Degree : Master of Education Specialization : Guidance and Counseling Key Concepts : Mother - at – Work, Stay - at - Home Mother, Children’s Attitude, Family, Learning, and SOME Love Program” Adviser : Peter Howard R. Obias, Ph.D. Statement of the Problem The purpose of the study was to find out the impact of mothers- at-work and stay-at-home mothers with their children’s attitudes towards family and learning. It also looked for a program that would help in further strengthening the love of their children towards their mother. Specifically, the study sought to answer the following: 1.Determine the profile of the respondents with regards to: a. mother – at - work b. stay – at - home 2.Determine the scores of attitudes of the respondents in terms of: a. family b. learning 3.Find the significant difference between the profile and attitudes of the respondents. 4.Develop a proposed program to be used as intervention based on the results of the study. METHODOLOGY Research Design This study used a descriptive survey method that utilized an attitude scale to determine the impact...

Words: 3009 - Pages: 13

Free Essay

Autobiography

...This is my autobiography about me! I’ll be telling you all about me. My name is Michelle Rain Ballentyne. I was born in Winnipeg, Manitoba on November 13th, 1999 at 1:51am, while my fraternal twin brother was born at 2:02am. His name is Michael Thunder Ballentyne. As of today, we’re fourteen years old. These pictures are the Women’s hospital, my astrology sign and a picture of us. In 1990, our mom and dad were together. They had a horrible relationship. Three years later, they broke up and our dad stayed in Flin Flon while our mom relocated to Winnipeg. Our parents had us in 1999. Our mom was 18 at the time and this caused problems because of the great age difference between our parents. At 1 ½ months our mom took off with us to Thompson. At 2 ½ months, we were put into foster care because our mom left us with a babysitter to go to a party and she never came back. We went to a bunch of homes after that. One time, we went to live with our dad but Child and Family Services received calls from a dentist saying that our dad was drunk when he took Michael to the dentist. We went to numerous homes after that, although we don’t really remember what they were like. Our dad had six months to prove that he was able to take care of us. Sadly, he never got to keep us. I came home to my dad in a police car with my brother crying in a black car. I got in the car and a lady drove us to a new home. Those pictures were at our kindergarten graduation and us at the fair. We started school...

Words: 1870 - Pages: 8

Free Essay

Week 1 Checkpoint It/205

...The three dimensions of business problems are management, organization, and technology problems. The three problems are all really big problems for a business to have. If these problems go without adjusting or fixing they can result in a business closing its doors. The first dimension is management, this dimension occurs when management or employees are not properly trained to do their jobs. It is usually management’s job to train all labor to do their jobs correctly. When an employee is first trained they should learn all the important aspect to the job and then management should as the employee if they have any question. When doing this will ensure all bases are covered for employee success. When employees are not trained or motivated this problem occurs within the business. The second dimension problem is technology, this problem occurs when a business has old inefficient ways of doing things with old hardware and software. A technology problem can also happen when a business networks system storage or memory capacity is not large enough to sustain the volume of information input. It is like having old apple computer with the old floppy disk and trying to put the latest version of apple software on it. Likely the computer will reject the software or it will not run properly. The Third problem is the organization dimension. This problem occurs when a business may have inner-office political problem. This is like having the bosses son running the business and the son...

Words: 384 - Pages: 2

Free Essay

Dimension of Qualities

...INTRODUCTION Quality is the totality of features and characteristics of a product or service that bears on its ability to satisfy stated or implied needs. Lack of quality it affects the entire organization from supplier to customer and from product design to maintenance. Multiple Dimensions of Quality The concept of quality includes not only the product and service attributes that meet basic requirements, but also those that enhance and differentiate them from competing offerings. However, not every firm needs to compete along the same dimensions of quality. David A. Garvin (1984) observes that quality consists of eight basic dimensions. Dr. Garvin identified 8 dimensions as a framework for thinking about the basic elements of product quality. Each dimension is self-contained and distinct; a product can be ranked high on one dimension while being low on another. Together, the 8 dimensions of quality cover a broad range of concepts. Several of the dimensions involves measurable product attributes, others reflect individual preferences. Some are objective and timeless, while others shift with changing fashions. Some are inherent characteristics of goods, while others are ascribed characteristics. The following graph shows the 8 dimensions; they are put in order from basic/essential to additional but not les important characteristics: [pic] l. Performance A product's primary operating characteristics. It refers to product’s primary operating characteristics; in other...

Words: 668 - Pages: 3

Premium Essay

Comparative Study of the Academic Performance of Students Who Regularly Eat Breakfast and Those Who Skip Breakfast Among Selected Pupils of Mauban South Central Elementary School Ii Sy: 2014-2015

...COMPARATIVE STUDY OF THE ACADEMIC PERFORMANCE OF STUDENTS WHO REGULARLY EAT BREAKFAST AND THOSE WHO SKIP BREAKFAST AMONG SELECTED PUPILS OF MAUBAN SOUTH CENTRAL ELEMENTARY SCHOOL II S.Y.2014-2015 A Research Paper Presented to Engr. Elda C. Aranilla Sacred Heart College Lucena, City In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Subject Advanced Statistics in Education (EDUC 201-1) MAY B. ANARETA HAYDEE D. BELGICA DENISE LIAN M. DEVELUZ IRENE A. GAPASANGRA MARY GRACE M. MADRILEJOS KRISETTE JOY V. SARDEA CHAPTER I THE PROBLEM AND ITS SETTING Introduction This study is about probing the importance of eating breakfast. Pupils should take breakfast every morning. As defined by Webster’s New World Dictionary (2008), breakfast is the first meal of the day; the term implies to break the fast. Break the fast means to eat and break the skipping of breakfast. Breakfast is one of the most important meals of the day because it replenishes your body’s energy levels in the morning. (Amanda Wayne, BBC News). Maslow’s cited on his hierarchy of needs that it is the most basic level of need that is required to humans to satisfy physiological need is the food specifically the eating of breakfast (Encarta, 2009). Comparing two variables are done to know which one is the more favorable. The goal of this study is to determine the significant difference between students who take their breakfast regularly and of those who skip based on their academic performance,...

Words: 9879 - Pages: 40

Premium Essay

Intercultural Analysis of Shangri-La Thanks to Hofstede's Dimensions

...Shangri-La is a Hong-Kong-based deluxe hotel group which owns a lot of hotels in Asia and Middle East. As part of a global expansion strategy, Shangri-La decided to enter a non-Asian market which is why in 2003, the group has opened a new hotel in Sydney, Australia. But as we will see later on, entering a market which has a totally different culture is not an easy task. Geert Hofstede has established 5 dimensions of national culture which will enable us to compare Asia an Australia in terms of culture and values. This comparison will also be vey useful to bring to light what adaptations were needed to enter the Australian market. The first dimension that we will study is power distance: Power distance is the extend to which a country accept that power is distributed unequally. In Asia , power distance is very high because people accept that there are inequalities and that is why employees do not consider themselves as equal to guests (in terms of age or social status). On the other hand, power distance in Australia is low › equality + empowerment Australians do not tend to treat other people in a different way even if they do not have the same age of the same social status. If Shangri-La group did not adapt its expectations, the Australian staff would feel awkward because employees would be expected to look up to the guests in a way they would feel uncomfortable about. Australians do not think they are lower that anyone. The second dimension is about individualism...

Words: 678 - Pages: 3

Free Essay

School Automate

...SCHOOL AUTOMATE WITH BARCODE SCANNER FOR KIDS OF THE KING OF THE CHRISTIAN ACADEMY A Software Project Presented to the Faculty of the College of Computer Studies Our Lady of Fatima University Antipolo City by JOHN GABRIEL N. PARADA JONATHAN A. SUMULONG JEAN HARLAN S. REYLA ARVIN JAY B. BONITA In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree Bachelor of Science in Information Technology September 2015 Chapter 1 INTRODUCTION Background of the Study The Kids of the King Christian Academy started its operation in 1993 established by Ms. Arlene Bignay. The Kids of tbe King Christian Academy located at Antipolo City, Rizal offers quality education to their students and have highly educated teachers consists of grade school and high school students with the total of 700 students for academic year 2015-2016 of which 65 grade 1 students, 67 grade 2 students, 70 grade 3 students, 58 grade 4 students, 74 grade 5 students, 75 grade 6 students, 65 grade 7 students, 75 grade 8 students, 74 3rd year students, and 77 4th year students. The Kids of the King Christian Academy has the following services: Admission office, Registrar Office, Guidance Office, and Accounting Office. Among the offices, the survey shows that there is an observe difference in the existing and proposed system. With the survey result, it proves that the Registrar Office, Accounting Office, and Guidance Office needs a system to improve...

Words: 3102 - Pages: 13

Free Essay

Sfsdf

...5D Technology System’s view In the years to come 5D technology will be common over the internet. This document explains the system view of such a system and how it influences. In physics, the fifth dimension is a hypothetical extra dimension besides the three other dimensions and one time dimension of Relativity. Total there are 11 dimensions in Space-time as compared to M’s theory. 5D is the force-vector direction and magnitude of force that is added to touch. Input text here Input text here Input is taken from the user in form of touch, sound etc. From the first target. Input is taken from the user in form of touch, sound etc. From the first target. Processing is done through electro-optical sensing and tactile feedback detecting the first target and data related to it is collected. Execution of the program in response to the data is done. Processing is done through electro-optical sensing and tactile feedback detecting the first target and data related to it is collected. Execution of the program in response to the data is done. Processing Processing The data sensed and processed of the first target will be the output of the system and will act as the input to the computer. Results are displayed to the user in form of 5D. The data sensed and processed of the first target will be the output of the system and will act as the input to the computer. Results are displayed to the user in form of 5D. ------------------------------------------------- ...

Words: 528 - Pages: 3

Premium Essay

A Letter Fromteddy

...the other teachers, was required to review the students’ cumulative folders. When she came to Teddy’s, she was surprised by what she read. His first grade teacher had written, “Teddy is a bright child with a ready laugh. He does his work neatly and has good manners… he is a joy to be around.” His second grade teacher had added, “Teddy is an excellent student, well liked by his classmates, but he is troubled because his mother has a terminal illness and life at home must be a struggle.” And then his third grade teacher had written, “His mother’s death has been hard on him. He tries to do his best, but his father doesn’t show much interest and his home life will soon affect him if some steps aren’t taken.” Finally, this came from his fourth grade teacher: “Teddy is withdrawn and doesn’t show much interest in school. He doesn’t have many friends and he sometimes sleeps in class.” Despite all this, Mrs. Thompson’s attitude didn’t seem to change very much until the Christmas party. The little tree in the corner seemed to have an unusual number of...

Words: 863 - Pages: 4

Premium Essay

Chads Creative Concepts Case Study

...Production and Operations Management Chapter One: Case Study Chad’s Creative Concepts 1. Decisions: a. What types of decision must Chad Thomas make daily for his company’s operations to run effectively? i. To finish the work in process of the standard line to clear up room in the plant at the temporary expense of holding off on the current delivery of custom furniture ii. Find alternative storage capability 1. Less expensive rental 2. Allocate funds to purchase land and construct own warehouse…sink the investment into a fixed cost solution iii. Reconfigure the equipment layouts in the plant 3. Make the setup more efficient and cut down on waste attributed to going from one machine area to the next 4. Reprocess to cut down on the waste of time lost to one craftsman starting and finishing one piece of furniture a. Streamline process and create true assembly line concept to speed up completion of work load iv. Finding less expensive Suppliers v. Perhaps looking at less customization and more focus on the higher demand of types of wood for his product vi. Time to make adjustments based on choosing his best options for profitability b. Over the long-run? vii. Along with that listed above, the following needs to be looked at: 5. Consider expansion by purchasing or erecting second manufactory or expanding this one ...

Words: 681 - Pages: 3

Premium Essay

The First Crusade (1099)

...The First Crusade (1096–1099) was the first of a number of crusades that attempted to recapture the Holy Lands, called by Pope Urban II in 1095. It started as a widespread pilgrimage in western Christendom and ended as a military expedition by Roman Catholic Europe to regain the Holy Lands taken in the Muslim conquests of the Levant (632–661), ultimately resulting in the recapture of Jerusalem in 1099. It was launched on 27 November 1095 by Pope Urban II with the primary goal of responding to an appeal from Byzantine Emperor Alexios I Komnenos, who requested that western volunteers come to his aid and help to repel the invading Seljuk Turks from Anatolia. An additional goal soon became the principal objective—the Christian reconquest of the sacred city of Jerusalem and the Holy Land and the freeing of the Eastern Christians from Muslim rule. During the crusade, knights, peasants and serfs from many regions of Western Europe travelled over land and by sea, first to Constantinople and then on towards Jerusalem. The Crusaders arrived at Jerusalem, launched an assault on the city, and captured it in July 1099, massacring many of the city's Muslim and Jewish inhabitants. They also established the crusader states of the Kingdom of Jerusalem, the County of Tripoli, the Principality of Antioch, and the County of Edessa. The First Crusade was followed by the Second to the Ninth Crusades. It was also the first major step towards reopening international trade in the West since the fall of...

Words: 307 - Pages: 2

Premium Essay

The First Crusade Essay

...Shirkuh eventually died subsequently and Saladin took over. When Saladin took over he turned against the Christians and destroyed them. ● The outrage from the defeats lead to leaders starting the third crusade. In 1191 Crusaders defeated Saladin at the battle of Arsuf, this would be the only battle in the third crusade. In 1192 a treaty was signed that the Kingdom of Jerusalem would be reestablished ● When Pope Innocent III called for a fourth crusade the crusaders had to abort their mission and deal with Byzantine emperor. The Byzantine emperor tried to submit the Byzantine church but Rome met with stiff resistance. In response the Crusaders Declared war on Constantinople and destroyed the Byzantine capital. ● The rest on the 13th century crusades weren't aimed at the muslims as much but more at anyone seen as an enemy to the Christian faith. In the fifth crusade, Crusaders attacked Egypt from land and sea but had to retreat. In the sixth crusade, crusaders didn't fight at all but there was a peace treaty signed between the muslims and crusaders. ● By the End of the 13th century the crusaders sought to gain...

Words: 453 - Pages: 2

Premium Essay

Pope Urban II: The First Crusade

...They were forced to retreat after only four days. This will be a major discouragement for the Crusaders. They lost because of the attacks from the Seljuk Turks as they crossed Asia Minor. 7. June, 1187 Crusaders lost most lands they have conquered The crusaders have steadily lost ground to the Ayyubid sultan Saladin. The Saladin inflicted major damage to the Crusaders which made them lose the territory that they had gotten previously. They also lost Jerusalem which was a very important capture. 8. 1204 New Latin Empire to be established The warriors of the fourth Crusade have reached the walls of Constantinople where they brutally attacked the city. The Byzantine Christians were slaughtered by their coreligionists. And this is to be the site of a new Latin Empire. 9. 1213 Pope Innocent III to launch the fifth Crusade The aim of this crusade is to land on the coast of Egypt and head to Jerusalem. The Crusaders have taking the city of Damietta. But their advance was stopped by a failed attempt to take Cairo. 10. 1228 Jerusalem to be returned to Christians Holy Emperor Frederick II who was excommunicated for not being a part of the Fifth Crusade, was able to negotiate the return of Jerusalem. This return is to be a peaceful return. The Christians are very happy to get the city...

Words: 521 - Pages: 3

Free Essay

Eco Innovation Dashboard on M&S

...An analysis of the strategic capability of the main actor: eco-innovation / sustainability dashboard Design dimensions: -          Component addition: 5 because there were several appliances added to the building, e.g. 80.000 litre tank for rainwater or a biomass boiler. M&S brought some radical changes on how to be eco-friendly business and set high bar to its competitor. -         Sub-system change: 5 because “the goal is to reduce negative impacts by creating more goods and services while using fewer resources and creating less waste and pollution” (Könnöla et al. 2008) à Perfect fit!. There is optimization of sub system which using less energy and reducing carbon emission to the air. -          System change: 3 because the designed change leads to a greater biocompatibility; but there’s still an open loop, not a closed one! 4 because the it has redesigned comprehensive system in a view on its impact of the environment User dimensions: -          User development: 4 because users are defined by von Hippel (2005) as firms or individual consumers who expect to benefit from using a product or service (Könnöla et al. 2008); hence all the appliances were created by firms which want to spread their products and hope to be able to use M&S as a helpful reference. The innovation here will be used and adopted by the user (local people) in the future as they got involved from the early stage of M&S building process. -          User acceptance: 5 because there’s...

Words: 516 - Pages: 3

Free Essay

Crusades

...The crusades caused great pain to families, Jewish communities and more. For instance, “the crusades ended their campaign in 1099 by slaughtering some 30,000 Muslims and Jews in Jerusalem.” They are considered to be the most violent, because innocent people were killed. Many different types of weapons were used to accomplish these tragic events. The blood from the children that were killed was mixed with the leavened bread of Passover. There were seven different crusades. Even though, the first crusade was successful in the holy war, many Muslims were slaughtered. The second crusade was launched in the 12th century. They lost many battles and were ambushed. The third crusade destroyed a chain of cities along the Mediterranean. The fourth crusades had financial difficulties, so they took Constantinople and plundered it to get money. The fifth, sixth, and seventh crusades were the same as the others- they were launched and did not accomplish much. Overall, there are many reasons why the crusades were not successful. The Byzantine Empire was one of the leading civilizations in the world. This great empire was politically weakened by the crusades. The crusades caused so many negative events to take place; the empire was slowly losing strength. The empire began to collapse in the 500’s due to a number of wars, religious disputes and the death of Justinian....

Words: 403 - Pages: 2