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Frequency Regulation by Free Governor Mode of Operation

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Submitted By nelcynth
Words 412
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It is necessary for the Power system operators and regulators to manage ancillary services efficiently to maintain reliability of the power system.
Frequency regulation is one of the ancillary services to be supplied by the electricity market participants. The only way to regulate frequency is to maintain the balance between demand and supply in real time. In India, it is achieved through a regulatory approach. In this Paper, an investigation is made on Free Governor Mode of Operation to demonstrate Frequency Regulation by adopting Free
Governor Mode of Operation. Simulation is a powerful technique used to predict the performance or analyze the behaviour of any closed loop control system. It is also used to tune the controller gains or to design a control system.
Development of mathematical model is the first step in the simulation study. Matlab and Simulink of Mathworks Inc. are widely used in the academic and industrial world. A simple model of a speed governing system of the steam turbine is taken for illustrating the dynamic simulation.
The Governor is an important controller in the power plant as it regulates the turbine speed, power and participates in the grid frequency regulation. It is the main operator interface
a) To start the turbine from still condition,
b) To vary the load on the turbo-generator when it is on bars (Synchronized) and
c) To protect the turbine from damages in the cases of any unsafe operating conditions.
The steady state and dynamic response behavior of the turbine is influenced mainly by the characteristics of the
Governing system.
Need for the Governing System
The load on the turbo-generator does not remain constant but vary as per the consumer (Grid) demand requirements.
The presence of a perpetual mismatch between the generation and the demand in a larger network results into variations in frequency and necessitates a continuous adjustment of generation at the turbo-generators. If not, the speed / frequency will be oscillating which is an indication of poor power quality. A state of unchanging system frequency and zero acceleration indicates that the generation meets the system demand.
The governing system provides for this regulation / adjustment, when the turbo-generator is on bars, by controlling the steam inflow to the turbine. The regulation is envisaged by various control logics and by operating the control valves in the turbine. Stop valves provided in the governing system protect the turbine in case of unsafe conditions by blocking the steam flow into the turbine.

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