...A Comparison between Java and .Net Languages Introduction Java and .Net provide technologies that enable skilled developers to build quality enterprise applications. These technologies are rarely picked based on performance alone. There are many factors to consider when choosing Java or .Net. These considerations are often the deciding factor when choosing one or both of these platforms. Java Java is kenned as both a programming language and a development platform. It was first developed by Sun Microsystems in 1991 and subsequently relinquished in 1995. To help to make the language more accepted and accessible, Sun Microsystems developed it as an object oriented language with a syntax that is very similar to C++. (Java vs. .NET, 2007) Sun Microsystems decided to create this new platform out of a desire to be able to write programs only once that could be run on any system. (James) The Java 2 platform was launched in December 1998. This was a major amelioration of the platform, and included incipient graphics, user interface, and enterprise capabilities. This upgrade was over seven times as large as the initial Java 1.0 release and marked the maturity of the Java platform. (What is java?) Within the Java 2 platform there are 3 editions: • The Java 2 Standard Edition (J2SE) Provides the essential compiler, tools, runtimes, and APIs for writing, deploying, and running applets and applications. • The Java 2 Enterprise Edition (J2EE) Defines a standard for developing multi-tier...
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...CHAPTER 23 Statement of Cash Flows SOLUTIONS TO BRIEF EXERCISES BRIEF EXERCISE 23-1 |Cash flows from investing activities | | | Sale of land |$ 180,000 | | Purchase of equipment |(415,000) | | Purchase of available-for-sale securities | (59,000) | | Net cash used by investing activities |$(294,000) | BRIEF EXERCISE 23-2 |Cash flows from financing activities | | | Issuance of common stock |$ 250,000 | | Issuance of bonds payable |510,000 | | Payment of dividends |(350,000) | | Purchase of treasury stock...
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...example, December 31, 2002. It shows each account balance at that particular point in time. For example, the cash account shown on the balance sheet would represent the cash the firm has on hand and in the bank on December 31, 2002. The income statement, on the other hand, reports on the firm’s operations over a period of time, for example, over the last 12 months. It reports revenues and expenses that the firm has incurred over that particular time period. For example, the sales figures reported on the income statement for the period ending December 31, 2002, would represent the firm’s sales over the period from January 1, 2002, through December 31, 2002, not just sales for December 31, 2002. 2-4 The emphasis in accounting is on the determination of accounting income, or net income, while the emphasis in finance is on net cash flow. Net cash flow is the actual net cash that a firm generates during some specified period. The value of an asset (or firm) is determined by the cash flows generated. Cash is necessary to purchase assets to continue operations and to pay dividends. Thus, financial managers should strive to maximize cash flows available to investors over the long run. Although companies with relatively high accounting profits generally have a relatively high cash flow, the relationship is not...
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...Abstract The future of software development is expected to be a near 50/50 split between the Java and .NET platforms. The astute student of software development must do their research and choose which platform they would like to be the most proficient in. There are different advantages to each platform which must be considered. One advantage to the .NET platform is that there are many languages, and by extension many class libraries, that are used in conjunction with each other. .NET also allows developers to produce usable results in a much shorter time frame. Advantages to becoming a Java developer include, generally, a much more intimate knowledge of the code produced and how it works. Another advantage is that with the use of the Java Virtual Machine, code can be written once and run on almost any system without having to recode it. Students must take these differences into account when deciding which platform to choose. Introduction Object-oriented programming helps to make computer programs much more manageable through the use of reusable objects, inheritance and polymorphism. It was first developed by Dr. Alan Kay and a group of programmers at Xerox in the 1970’s. They developed a language called Smalltalk which was the first to really flesh out object-oriented ideas.(Murphy, 2008) The first wide commercial use of object orientation began with the invention of the C++ language in the early 1980’s; when Bjarn Stroustrup integrated object oriented concepts...
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... = 17,200 Net working capital = Current assets – Current liabilities = 5,100 – 4,300 = 800 2) Net sales 586,000 COGS 247,000 Depreciation 43,000 Earnings before interest and taxes 296,000 Interest paid 32,000 Taxable Income 264,000 Taxes ( 35% ) 92,400 Net income 171,600 3) Net income 171,600 Dividends 73,000 Addition to retained earnings 98,600 8) Net sales 27,500 COGS 13,280 Depreciation 2,300 Earnings before interest and taxes 11,920 Interest paid 1,105 Taxable Income 10,815 Taxes ( 35% ) 3,785 Net income 7,030 Earnings before interest and taxes 11,920 + Depreciation 2,300 * Taxes 3,785 Operating cash flow 10,435 9) Ending net fixed assets 4,200,000 * Beginning net fixed assets 3,400,000 + Depreciation 385,000 Net capital spending 1,185,000 10) Net working capital 2010 = Current assets – Current liabilities = 2,100 – 1,380 = 720 Net working capital 2011 = Current assets – Current liabilities = 2,250 – 1,710 = 540 Ending NWC 540 * Beginning NWC 720 Change in NWC (180) 11) Net new borrowing = 2,900,000 – 2,600,000 = 300,000 Interest paid 170,000 * Net new borrowing 300,000 Cash flow to creditors (130,000) 12) Net new equity raised ...
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...CHAPTER 23 Statement of Cash Flows ASSIGNMENT CLASSIFICATION TABLE (BY TOPIC) | | |Brief Exercises | | | Concepts for | |Topics |Questions | |Exercises |Problems |Analysis | |1. |Format, objectives purpose, and source |1, 2, 7, | | | |1, 2, 5, 6 | | |of statement. |8, 12 | | | | | |2. |Classifying investing, financing, and |3, 4, 5, 6, |1, 2, 3, |1, 2, 10, 16 | |1, 3, 4, 5 | | |operating activities. |16, 17, 19 |6, 7, | | | | | | | |8, 12 | | | | |3. |Direct vs. indirect methods of preparing|9, 20 |4, 5, 9, |3, 4 | |5 | | |operating activities. | |10, 11 | | | | |4. |Statement...
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...About O*NET The O*NET program is the nation's primary source of occupational information. Central to the project is the O*NET database, containing information on hundreds of standardized and occupation-specific descriptors. The database, which is available to the public at no cost, is continually updated by surveying a broad range of workers from each occupation. Information from this database forms the heart of O*NET OnLine, an interactive application for exploring and searching occupations. The database also provides the basis for our Career Exploration Tools, a set of valuable assessment instruments for workers and students looking to find or change careers. The Occupational Information Network (O*NET) is being developed under the sponsorship of the US Department of Labor/Employment and Training Administration (USDOL/ETA) through a grant to the North Carolina Department of Commerce. Learn more about the O*NET project partners. About O*NET Data O*NET Applications Starting Points Content Model Anatomy of an occupation Every occupation requires a different mix of knowledge, skills, and abilities, and is performed using a variety of activities and tasks. These distinguishing characteristics of an occupation are described by the O*NET Content Model, Explore the interactive Content Model to see the range of occupational descriptors in the O*NET database. which defines the key features of an occupation as a standardized, measurable set of variables called...
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...Introduction Savola Group has requested a SR5 million line of credit loan from Bank (X) with the promise of repaying the loan after a period of one year. The Savola Group is known for its strong assets base, inventory, sales, efficient management of non- interest expense and the strong demand for it products in the Kingdome of Saudi Arabia. The aim of this paper is to figure out Savola’s creditworthiness to receive such a loan from bank (X). To determine this, my group and I had to go through a complete financial analysis of the company's financial statements by the credit analysis department of the bank. Regardless of the financial difficulties the company was facing in its expense control, marketability of costumer’s products, liquidity position, coverage ratio, and profitability, the bank, in due course, approved the loan for Savola Company. However, it had imposed many restrictions and covenants on the company in order to insure the recovery of the funds loaned. This paper will first present a general-idea of Savola, then the background of Savola Company, its history, owners and management. Afterwards, the paper will provide a comprehensive and detailed financial analysis of Savola Company loan application by the credit analysis department in Bank (X).. The aim is to determine the credit standing of Savola Company and find out whether it has sufficient cash flow and backup assets to repay the loan. The company's last five years financial...
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...Term Paper | | | [Social Safety Nets in Bangladesh] | This report looks at the overall structure of Social Security Net Plans in Bangladesh and their poverty impact at a macroeconomic level. The main objective of the study is to look into the overall impact of the existing safety net programs on poverty reduction in Bangladesh. The paper also looks into the impact of the existing safety net programs on reducing inequality. | Social Safety Nets In Bangladesh This report looks at the overall structure of Social Security Net Plans in Bangladesh and their poverty impact at a macroeconomic level. The main objective of the study is to look into the overall impact of the existing safety net programs on poverty reduction in Bangladesh. The paper also looks into the impact of the existing safety net programs on reducing inequality. Institute of Business Administration, University of Dhaka Table of Contents 1. Executive Summary i 2. Introduction 1 2.1. The Poverty Situation of Bangladesh 1 2.2. Social Safety Nets 1 3. Social Safety Nets of Bangladesh 2 3.1. Structure of Social Safety Nets 4 3.2. Trends in Social Safety Nets 7 4. Social Safety Nets and Poverty 9 4.1. Impact Assessment of Social Safety Nets on the Poverty of Bangladesh 9 4.2. Inequality Effect of Social Safety Nets 9 5. Conclusion 10 6. Recommendations 10 7. Bibliography 12 1. Executive Summary Social safety net is a measure taken by the government in order...
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...when the cash is collected or bills are paid. Note that this way is not necessarily correct; it’s the way accountants have chosen to do it. 3. The bottom line number shows the change in the cash balance on the balance sheet. As such, it is not a useful number for analyzing a company. 4. The major difference is the treatment of interest expense. The accounting statement of cash flows treats interest as an operating cash flow, while the financial cash flows treat interest as a financing cash flow. The logic of the accounting statement of cash flows is that since interest appears on the income statement, which shows the operations for the period, it is an operating cash flow. In reality, interest is a financing expense, which results from the company’s choice of debt and equity. We will have more to say about this in a later chapter. When comparing the two cash flow statements, the financial statement of cash flows is a more appropriate measure of the company’s performance because of its treatment of interest. 5. Market values can never be negative. Imagine a share of stock selling for –$20. This would mean that if you placed an order for 100 shares, you would get the stock along with a check for $2,000. How many shares do you want to buy? More generally, because of corporate and individual...
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...CHAPTER 2 FINANCIAL STATEMENTS, TAXES, AND CASH FLOWS Learning Objectives LO1 The difference between accounting value (or “book” value) and market value. LO2 The difference between accounting income and cash flow. LO3 How to determine a firm’s cash flow from its financial statements. LO4 The difference between average and marginal tax rates. LO5 The basics of Capital Cost Allowance (CCA) and Undepreciated Capital Cost (UCC). Answers to Concepts Review and Critical Thinking Questions 1. (LO1) Liquidity measures how quickly and easily an asset can be converted to cash without significant loss in value. It’s desirable for firms to have high liquidity so that they have a large factor of safety in meeting short-term creditor demands. However, since liquidity also has an opportunity cost associated with it—namely that higher returns can generally be found by investing the cash into productive assets—low liquidity levels are also desirable to the firm. It’s up to the firm’s financial management staff to find a reasonable compromise between these opposing needs. 2. (LO2) The recognition and matching principles in financial accounting call for revenues, and the costs associated with producing those revenues, to be “booked” when the revenue process is essentially complete, not necessarily when the cash is collected or bills are paid. Note that this way is not necessarily correct; it’s the way accountants have chosen to do it. 3. (LO1) Historical costs can be...
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...| Net income | | $40,000 | Depreciation expense | $ 4,000 | | Increase in accounts receivable | (10,000) | | Increase in accounts payable | 7,000 | 1,000 | Net cash provided by operating activities | | 41,000 | Investing Activities | | | Purchase of equipment | | (8,000) | | | | Financing Activities | | | Issue notes payable | $20,000 | | Property dividends | (5,000) | | Net cash flow from financing activities | | 15,000 | Net increase in cash ($41,000 – $8,000 + $15,000) | | $48,000 | Free Cash Flow = $41,000 (Net cash provided by operating activities) – $8,000 (Purchase of equipment) – $5,000 (Dividends) = $28,000. BRIEF EXERCISE 5-13 Cash flows from operating activities | | | Net income | | $151,000 | Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities | | | Depreciation expense | $44,000 | | Increase in accounts payable | 9,500 | | Increase in accounts receivable | (13,000) | 40,500 | Net cash provided by operating activities | | $191,500 | EXERCISE 5-16 (a) Shabbona Corporation | Statement of Cash Flows | For the Year Ended December 31, 2014 | Cash flows from operating activities | | | Net income | | $125,000 | Adjustments to reconcile net income | ...
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...(1) What amount of net income did the company report for the quarter? Explain why net income increased over the quarter. A) The company reported Net Income of $100,882 for the quarter. It rose due to the fact that: 1. There was an increase in sales. 2. In comparison to sales, fixed costs decreased. (2) What net income will be reported for the quarter if the company increases its sales price from $2.50 to $2.75? What sales price will generate the largest net income for the quarter, and at that price, how many units will be sold? (Hint: Use the trial-and-error method, inputting different sales prices to find the sales price that maximizes net income.) A) 1. Net Income generated at a unit selling price of $2.50 is $86,307. 2. Net Income generated at a unit selling price of $2.75 is $95,994. 3. The largest net income will be generated when the unit selling price is $3.36. At this unit selling price of $3.36, the net income generated is $102,926. The quantity sold at this price is 131,094 units. (3) Assuming a $2.50 price, what income will be reported for the quarter if the company uses an 8-year life instead of a 4-year life for purposes of depreciating its property, plant and equipment? How would this change affect the company’s net cash from operations for the quarter? Explain. A) 1. The net income generated at a selling price of $2.50 and a four-year life (depreciation) is $86,307. 2. The net income generated at...
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...Abstract: Net neutrality is a sensitive cyber issue which expresses the right to Internet users to have net services without any discrimination on the basis of source, destination, or ownership of any kind of Internet traffic. This idea has laid the foundation for vigorous and high noted debate over public policy and private ownership across the many parts of the world over governmental regulation of the Internet or Internet access. The concept of Net Neutrality is new among Indian netizens (a term frequently used for internet citizens/users) which has become a matter of great concern among them and so has attracted a large media attention in a very short while. Nobody pay for electricity on the basis of which brand of appliances one uses,...
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...CHAPTER 2 – Solutions to Assignment Problems Assignment 2.1: a. b. Net profit margin = net income/net sales = 118,290/452,510 = 26.14% c. Accumulated depreciation = 212,820 + 12,510 = $225,330. Assignment 2.2: a. b. Assume for this problem that the number given for Net income is actually Net income available to common stockholders (that is, reported Net income minus preferred dividends). Thus, Annual addition to Retained earnings = Net income available to common stockholders – Common stock dividends paid. Thus, Common stock dividends paid = Net income – Addition to (i.e., change in) Retained earnings. Common stock dividends paid = 25,400 – (89,280 – 79,880) = 16,000. Dividends per share = Dividends divided by number of shares outstanding. Number of shares outstanding = Common Stock divided by par value per share = 60,000/.20 = 300,000. Dividends per share = $0.053 or 5.3 cents per share. c. Cash spent on new plant and equipment = Depreciation for the year as listed on the income statement plus the change in net fixed assets. Thus, Cash spent on fixed assets in 1999 = 10,260 + (202,640 – 184660) = $28,240. Assignment 2.3: 1. $4,055,740 $4,100,144 Although Gross sales decreased by 2 percent, net sales (the only number reported) show an increase of 1.1 percent. Since Returns and allowances are estimates made by management, there is some chance that the growth in sales conclusion may be misleading. 2. Cost of goods...
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