...Angel L. Mason Week 4 Application Intro to Public Administration Since the time of Max Weber and his sociological research on bureaucracy during the Pre-World War I era, public administration has played a major role in the ever shifting relationship between the individual and the community. This altered our essential concepts of the public and private monarchy within social life during the twentieth century. In the twenty-first century, the contemporary liberal democratic impulse towards both an unfettered individualism and a strong restricted civic community or culture has developed major challenges to Weber’s ‘modern’ approach to public administration. From former U.S. President Bill Clinton’s declaration that “the era of big government is over” in 1995, to recent proclamations within international theories of a new world order cemented by a ‘global’ civil society, ‘bureaucracy’, as the foundation of the contemporary nation-state, has been challenged on a theoretical and practical level. It is from this exemplar that democratic administration theory has largely emerged. Responding to the new challenges of traditional bureaucracy and their subsequent ‘hollowing out of the State’ as an effective institution, democratic administration theory has attempted to construct a new basis of administrative rule in which both the ‘expert’ and ‘client’ becomes leveled in their discourse through democratic and even radical reform of the administrative process itself. ...
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...Assignment #4 Sharon Dawn Peterson Strayer University Dr. Richard Ross Evaluate and critique the role of public personnel administration in protecting employee rights. Although public personnel administration has much in common with its private sector counterpart, there are also fundamental differences in practices between the two sectors. Many of those differences are grounded in the political environment of public management. Public personnel practices are open to public scrutiny, and partisan issues and questions of political control are always on the agenda (Nigro, Nigro, & Kellough, 2007, p.233). Public employees retain important constitutional rights when they enter the public service, and as a result, the actions available to personnel managers in the public sector are limited in significant ways. Public employees had virtually no rights in termination proceedings (Nigro, Nigro, & Kellough, 2007, p.234). For public workers, the most important change was when the Supreme Court established that they may have property and liberty interest in their jobs that warrant protection under the due process clause. The public administration protect the equal protection of the laws that required by the Constitution’s Fourteenth Amendment. Equal protection cases arise when government draws distinctions between people. The first standard requires that a rational basis exist for the distinctions drawn between individuals. (Nigro, Nigro, & Kellough, 2007...
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...Public administration is the implementation of government policy and also an academic discipline that studies this implementation and prepares civil servants for working in the public service. As a "field of inquiry with a diverse scope" its "fundamental goal... is to advance management and policies so that government can function." Some of the various definitions which have been offered for the term are: "the management of public programs"; the "translation of politics into the reality that citizens see every day"; and "the study of government decision making, the analysis of the policies themselves, the various inputs that have produced them, and the inputs necessary to produce alternative policies." Public administration is "centrally concerned with the organization of government policies and programmes as well as the behavior of officials (usually non-elected) formally responsible for their conduct"[6] Many unelected public servants can be considered to be public administrators, including heads of city, county, regional, state and federal departments such as municipal budget directors, human resources (H.R.) administrators, city managers, census managers, state mental health directors, and cabinet secretaries. Public administrators are public servants working in public departments and agencies, at all levels of government. In the US, civil servants and academics such as Woodrow Wilson promoted American civil service reform in the 1880s, moving public administration into academia...
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...state. The Philippine Constitution is the fundamental basis of the laws of the land. The country has had several Constitutions, but the current one was adopted through a nationwide plebiscite in 1987. It is supported by other laws, such as the Civil Code, the Labor Code, the Omnibus Investments Code, and the National Internal Revenue Code, as well as by rules and regulations passed by government bodies. The latter include rulings, letters or instructions, circulars, memoranda, administrative orders, judicial orders, and pronouncements, as well as laws adopted by local government within the scope of the Constitution. In PAS course, there are approaches taking within its purview all aspects of administrative activities. The goal is to find out and enunciate the principles or ideals underlying these activities. Administrative behavior is part of behavioral sciences and the study of public administration cannot be complete without the study of individual and collective human behavior in administrative situations. These approaches made more sense and had greater relevance than other approaches as it took into consideration the fact that political, social, economical and psychological environments have effect on human motivation and which ultimately has an effect on the work output of an individual. These also helped to develop an understanding of what, how and why the way public administration act. These showed that the way administration is conducted is influenced by human sentiments...
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...Since the time of Max Weber and his sociological research on bureaucracy during the Pre-World War I era, public administration has played a major role in the ever shifting relationship between the individual and the community. This altered our essential concepts of the public and private monarchy within social life during the twentieth century. In the twenty-first century, the contemporary liberal democratic impulse towards both an unfettered individualism and a strong restricted civic community or culture has developed major challenges to Weber’s ‘modern’ approach to public administration. From former U.S. President Bill Clinton’s declaration that “the era of big government is over” in 1995, to recent proclamations within international theories of a new world order cemented by a ‘global’ civil society, ‘bureaucracy’, as the foundation of the contemporary nation-state, has been challenged on a theoretical and practical level. It is from this exemplar that democratic administration theory has largely emerged. Responding to the new challenges of traditional bureaucracy and their subsequent ‘hollowing out of the State’ as an effective institution, democratic administration theory has attempted to construct a new basis of administrative rule in which both the ‘expert’ and ‘client’ becomes leveled in their discourse through democratic and even radical reform of the administrative process itself. This newfound principle of political rule is in stark contrast to Max Weber’s...
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...COMBINED CIVIL SERVICES - I Group I Services (Preliminary Examination) General Studies - Degree standard Objective type - 200 items – 300 Marks UNIT – I - General science : Physics - Universe - General Scientific laws - Scientific instruments - Inventions and discoveries-National scientific laboratories-Science glossary-Mechanics and properties of matter-Physical quantities, standards and units-Force, motion and energy- electricity and Magnetism - electronics & communications - Heat, light and sound-Atomic and nuclear physics-Solid State Physics-Spectroscopy – Geophysics - Astronomy and space science. Chemistry - Elements and Compounds-Acids, bases and salts - Oxidation and reduction – Chemistry of ores and metals -Carbon, nitrogen and their compounds-Fertilizers, pesticides, insecticides-Biochemistry and biotechnology-Electrochemistry-Polymers and plastics Botany - Main Concepts of life science-The cell-basic unit of life-Classification of living organism-Nutrition and dietetics-Respiration-Excretion of metabolic waste-Biocommunication Zoology - Blood and blood circulation-Endocrine system-Reproductive system-Genetics the science of heredity-Environment, ecology, health and hygiene, Bio- diversity and its conservation-Human diseases, prevention and remedies-Communicable diseases and non- communicable diseases-Alcoholism and drug abuse-Animals, plants and human lifeUNIT - II. Current Events History - Latest diary of events – National -...
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...* Issue No. 1- Whether right to sleep should be included as a part of, protection of life under Article 21............................................................ 4 1. Article 21 of the Indian constitution guarantees the people, the fundamental right –Protection of life and liberty................................. 4 2. Torture is unconstitutional and violates human rights....................... 5 3. Limitations to right to sleep.............................................................. 5 * Prayer............................................................................................ 7 INDEX OF AUTHORITIES 1. Ramlila Maidan Incident, In re, (2012 ) 5 SCC 1 2. Farhd K. Wadia v. Union of India, (2009) 2 SCC 442 3. Batra v. Delhi Administration (1978 (4) SCC 494) 4. Nandini Satpati v. P.L Dani (AIR 1978 SC 1025) Issue No. 1- Whether right to sleep should be included as a part of, protection of life under Article 21 Article 21 of the Indian constitution guarantees the people, the fundamental right –Protection of life and liberty which states that : No person shall be deprived of his life or personal liberty except according to procedure established by law. Article 21 speaks about right to life and sleep is an essential necessity of life, (as per Chauhan, J.) Sleep is a biological necessity, its deprivation...
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...state. The Philippine Constitution is the fundamental basis of the laws of the land. The country has had several Constitutions, but the current one was adopted through a nationwide plebiscite in 1987. It is supported by other laws, such as the Civil Code, the Labor Code, the Omnibus Investments Code, and the National Internal Revenue Code, as well as by rules and regulations passed by government bodies. The latter include rulings, letters or instructions, circulars, memoranda, administrative orders, judicial orders, and pronouncements, as well as laws adopted by local government within the scope of the Constitution. In PAS course, there are approaches taking within its purview all aspects of administrative activities. The goal is to find out and enunciate the principles or ideals underlying these activities. Administrative behavior is part of behavioral sciences and the study of public administration cannot be complete without the study of individual and collective human behavior in administrative situations. These approaches made more sense and had greater relevance than other approaches as it took into consideration the fact that political, social, economical and psychological environments have effect on human motivation and which ultimately has an effect on the work output of an individual. These also helped to develop an understanding of what, how and why the way public administration act. These showed that the way administration is conducted is influenced by human sentiments...
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...ordinarily refers to the improvement of the total teaching-learning situation and the conditions that affect them. It is a socialized functions designs to improve instruction by working with the people who are working with the students/pupils. Supervision can also be defined in terms of function and purposes for which it shall be used as a) skills in leadership, b) skills in human relation, c) skill in group process, d) skill in personnel administration and e) skill in evaluation. Scope of School Supervision The major functions logically under school supervision can be cited as: Inspection. This is actually a study of school conditions, to discover problems or defects of the students, teachers, equipment, school curriculum, objectives and methods. This could be done via actual observation, educational tests, conference, questionnaires and checklists. Research. This has something to do to remedy the weaknesses of the solution to solve problems discovered. The supervisor should conduct research to discover means, methods and procedure fundamental to the success of supervision. The solutions discovered are then passed on the teachers. Training. This is acquainting teachers with solutions discovered in research through training. Training may take the form of demonstration teaching, workshops, seminars, classroom observations, individual or group conferences, intervisitation, professional classes or the use of bulletin board and circulars, and writing suggestions in BPS Form 178...
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...includes measures to block or filter Internet access for both minors and adults to certain visual depictions. The relevant authority with responsibility for administration of the eligible school or library must certify the status of its compliance for the purpose of CIPA in order to receive USF support. CIPA requirements are: technology protection measure, internet safety policy, and public notice and hearing. A technology protection measure (Internet filtering software) is a specific technology that block of filters access. It must protect against access by adults and minors to visual depictions that are obscene, child pornography, or with respect to use of computers with Internet access by minors, harmful to minors. For schools, the policy must include monitoring the online activities of minors. Internet safety policy must address: access by minors to inappropriate matter on the Internet and World Wide Web, the safety and security of minors when using electronic mail and other forms of direct electronic communications unauthorized access including hacking and other unlawful activities by minors online, and measures designed to restrict minors’ access to materials harmful to minors. The authority with responsibility for administration of the school or library must provide reasonable public notice and hold at least one public hearing to address a proposed technology protection measure and Internet safety policy. For the purpose of CIPA, certifications for schools eligible for...
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...Conflict of Interest (COI) Export Controls Innovation & New Ventures Office (INVO) Introduction Introduction Research Administration Training The need for research administration training exists because of the large dollar amounts in research funding and the importance of compliance: • NU received $511.7 million in research funding in FY 2011 • NU ranked 25th in NIH research funding to universities in 2010 • Ensuring compliance remains a federal priority Source: Office for Research Annual Report. (2011): Northwestern University Introduction Research Administration Training Research Administration training helps Northwestern: • Decrease compliance risks • Administer grants more consistently & efficiently • Provide support for research administrators, faculty & staff • Meet federal government expectations regarding training and communication Introduction Training Objectives During this seminar we will: • Explain the research administration process • Discuss the roles & responsibilities of research faculty and staff • Describe the roles of the central research offices • Review the regulatory fundamentals that form the foundation of research administration Introduction Questions? Introduction Roles & Responsibilities Lauran Qualkenbush Director Office for Research Integrity lhaney@northwestern.edu Research Administration Roles Central Unit Principal Investigator Roles & Responsibilities PI Responsibilities • Develop research project...
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...The System of Public Administration in Poland In a general sense, the ‘administrative system’ may be defined as the totality of the principles of organization and operation of public administration. In a narrow sense, the administrative system is usually taken to mean an organizational system or structure based on law, within the framework of which public administration functions, and also the operational mechanism of the entire structure and its parts. In addition, it includes functional connections, rules and methods of proceeding designed to guarantee flawless operation of the entire system and its segments. A. Central Administration Central administration constitutes an important segment of the administrative apparatus situated on the highest level of its organizational structure. It includes a fairly complex organizational and functional mechanism composed of various organs, offices, agencies and institutions {e.g., governmental agencies or special funds) set up to fulfill the respective tasks of public administration throughout the entire country. The shape of this mechanism is outlined in general terms by the Constitution and specified in more detail by ordinary legislation and executive orders issued on a statutory basis. Central administration is internally diversified. It is divided into two basic segments, the political-governmental and the administrative-executive. To distinguish these two principal components of the central apparatus, they are traditionally...
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...Those ideas would shape the rise of administrative law in the following the industrial revolution where products of forces that guided the early years of our nation. Its history will be divided into five periods during which practical and theoretical problems influenced the growth and development of the field of law. This paper will reveal the history of law and administration. It will also show a summary of agency rulemaking and administrative adjudications. The history of law is the history of our race, and the embodiment of its experience. Since public administration can be tracked back to the first colonial settlement problems of administering became necessary to develop structures and processes for their governance. After the French and Indian war the British began to strengthen their administrative system in the colonies. Although, early years suggest problems in administrations and administrative law but everyone realized the need to deal with them discreetly. The Great Depression diverted attention to day to day problems of administration (Public Law & Public Ad., Cooper 4th). For law and administration the stock market crash of 1929 was important for many reasons. During this time it was an era of enthusiasm, confidence, and optimism (www.history1900s.about.com). The stock market appeared to have had a reputation of being a risky investment. Americans seemed to think the stock market was a good investment into the future. On October 24, 1929, stock prices plummeted...
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...Leadership Training In Public Administration Mr. Khalid abdulaziz Introduction As leaderships training is one of the significant parts in each organization and it is one of the reasons to enhance the organization, this essay will discuses the two types of leadership and how they affect the organization. In Addition, this essay will take in consideration the organization structure and its culture. The main concern of this essay the relation between the leaders and their followers and how it is improved through leadership training. Background information In the recent years, many nations have seen a paradigm shift in public administration. This shift to a new paradigm is often referred to as new public management (NPM). In essence, NPM is based on two philosophies: economic rationalism and managerialism. In Australia, the implementation of reforms in public services have become more efficient, effective and economical (James 2005). This can be further enhanced when a market-oriented approach will be taken in public policies and with the introduction of business methods and practices in public sector management. Public sector management can be developed because of leadership training for organizational change. The ability to lead is not always acquired naturally. It is not always apparent and is not found in the behavior and personality of the individual. Proper education and training can draw the leadership ability and help it become...
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...The Australian Journal of Public Administration, vol. 66, no. 3, pp. 353–366 doi:10.1111/j.1467-8500.2007.00545.x RESEARCH AND EVALUATION From New Public Management to Public Value: Paradigmatic Change and Managerial Implications Janine O’Flynn The Australian National University Both practitioners and scholars are increasingly interested in the idea of public value as a way of understanding government activity, informing policy-making and constructing service delivery. In part this represents a response to the concerns about ‘new public management’, but it also provides an interesting way of viewing what public sector organisations and public managers actually do. The purpose of this article is to examine this emerging approach by reviewing new public management and contrasting this with a public value paradigm. This provides the basis for a conceptual discussion of differences in approach, but also for pointing to some practical implications for both public sector management and public sector managers. Key words: new public management, public value, role of managers Public sector reform has been a common experience across the world despite its different forms and foci (Pollitt and Bouckaert 2004). Commonly as scholars and practitioners we refer to the reforms of the last few decades as ‘new public management’ (NPM) which, for Hood (1991), represented a paradigmatic break from the traditional model of public administration. During this era several countries became...
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