...Trends in manufacturing to 2020 A foresighting discussion paper Future Manufacturing Industry Innovation Council i Date: 30 September 2011 For more information, or to comment on the paper, please contact: Manager Future Manufacturing Department of Innovation, Industry, Science and Research GPO Box 9839 Canberra ACT 2601 Phone: (02) 6213 6000 Facsimile: (02) 6213 7000 Email: Futuremanufacturing@innovation.gov.au ii Future Manufacturing Council discussion paper: Trends in manufacturing to 2020 Table of Contents Executive summary ....................................................................................................................................1 Background.................................................................................................................................................2 Future Manufacturing Council................................................................................................................2 Defining manufacturing...........................................................................................................................2 Profile of Australian manufacturing........................................................................................................4 Trends to 2020 ... and beyond: Issues and opportunities for Australian manufacturing...................12 Terms of trade driving value and volatility of the Australian dollar and structural changes in the economy – an upside...
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...Economic research for year 2012 and forecast for year 2013. This paper includes several economic issues such us economic recession and growth, risk, Labour market and Inflation additionally monetary policies for central banks. Researcher and forecasters compared those issues for different countries and they aim to differentiate and discuss for each of the countries and market situation. Overall, the world economy faces significant challenges in the recent years and is expected to grow by 3.5% this year. Authors stated some significant issues and problems and explained them in detail. For example, paper includes several subtitles about European risk and recession situation, Finding the right policy for Europe, China is in slow growth stage, Canada and US economic situation and factors that impacted in positive and negative ways on the economy, Labour market volatility, Housing market, Households income and debt status, Consumer spending shift, Businesses that are supporting market, Canada’s dollar appreciation, Fed and other central bank policy, US labour market trend and the Fiscal policy. In the conclusion as discussed in the whole paper, I would say in Canada and US economy have good news for most of the indicators such us GDP growth unemployment rate inflation rate trend in next years rather than European area and Chinese market. Part 2. Macroeconomic concepts referring to the article This paper is all about macroeconomic...
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...many issues and variables. People can work to earn income and improve their lives through all difficulties in the economic conditions. People also save some of their income for their future needs. Their save money would be affected by inflation and their purchasing power would be diminished. Inflation is mostly a matter of monetary policy which occurs when a government prints money without real asset backup more than the amount that is need for a stable economy. This study examined the effects of implementation of Islamic currency on the prevention of inflation and price instabilities. Economic students of IIUM were randomly given questionnaires about the agreeability of Islamic currency in today’s developed economy and its usefulness to prevent inflation. The survey showed that Islamic currency model (dinar and dirham) would be able to control inflation and instabilities of prices by having 100 percent of gold and silver reserves for every single amount of money circulating in the economy. Moreover, it is emphasized that Islamic governments should implement this model to overcome the problems people are facing by inflation which diminishes their purchasing power of saved money and their uncertainty in future investments. Keyword: Fiat money, Islamic currency, perception, inflation, economic growth. Islamic currency: The perception of IIUM economic students on Islamic currency usage to prevent the inflation in a country 1. Introduction Many things caused the current economic...
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...1. Introduction This white paper presents an overview of the Simple Internet Protocol plus (SIPP) which is one of the candidates being considered in the Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF) for the next version of the Internet Protocol (the current version is usually referred to as IPv4). This white paper is not intended to be a detailed presentation of all of the features and motivation for SIPP, but is intended to give the reader an overview of the proposal. It is also not intended that this be an implementation specification, but given the simplicity of the central core of SIPP, an implementor familiar with IPv4 could probably construct a basic working SIPP implementation from reading this overview. SIPP is a new version of IP which is designed to be an evolutionary step from IPv4. It is a natural increment to IPv4. It can be installed as a normal software upgrade in internet devices and is interoperable with the current IPv4. Its deployment strategy was designed to not have any "flag" days. SIPP is designed to run well on high performance networks (e.g., ATM) and at the same time is still efficient for low bandwidth networks (e.g., wireless). In addition, it provides a platform for new internet functionality that will be required in the near future. This white paper describes the work of IETF SIPP working group. Several individuals deserve specific recognition. These include ...
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...goods and services produced over a specific time period (Koba, 2011). The figures are released every business quarter by the Business Economic Analysis. What does the data mean and how will it affect our U.S. citizens. U.S. Gross Domestic Product Growth Rate Going Forward This paper will cover the United States Gross Domestic Product (GDP). This paper will provide trends, forecast, and statistics for GPD. This paper will explain how GDP is determined and what the data means. This paper is prepared to present to the local chamber of commerce. COC members will have an idea of what the future of the United States economy will offer based on the recent economic activities. Gross Domestic Product Gross Domestic Product (GDP) is the value of a country’s overall output of goods and services at market prices (businessdictionary.com). GDP is also used to compare the economic achievement of other countries in comparison to the United States. Economist use GDP data to determine if the economy is inflating or receding. The Gross Domestic product (GDP) expanded 1.30 percent in the second quarter of 2012. From 1947 until 2012 the United States GDP growth rate average 3.3 percent reaching an all-time high of 17.2 percent in March of 1950 and a record low of -10.4 percent in March 0f 1958 (tradingeconmics.com). How GDP is Determined The Bureau of Economic Analysis uses four major components to determine Gross Domestic Product: personal...
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...Consumer Confidence and Economic Growth Introduction: Consumer confidence is a key driver of economic growth. It is widely considered an economic indicator of household consumption expenditure. Consumers tend to increase consumption when they feel confident about the current and future economic situation of the country and their own financial situation. In economies such as India and the US where personal consumption represents 66% and 71% of GDP respectively, consumer confidence has a particularly significant impact on the economy and can provide critical insight into its growth prospects. In simple terms, increased consumer confidence indicates economic growth in which consumers are spending money, indicating higher consumption. Decreasing consumer confidence implies slowing economic growth, and so consumers are likely to decrease their spending. The idea is that the more confident people feel about the economy and their jobs and incomes, the more likely they are to make purchases. Declining consumer confidence is a sign of slowing economic growth and may indicate that the economy is headed into trouble. This study examined the causal link between consumer confidence and economic growth in United States. Some economists, such as Langer (1991), are of the view that consumer confidence can reliably predict future consumer spending and thus, economic growth, while others are more skeptical arguing that “consumers cannot spend confidence” Lieberman (1991). Consumer confidence...
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...Past, Present, and Future Janele Fletcher Interdisciplinary Capstone/480 May 30, 2012 Cheryl Burleigh Title of Paper The purpose of this paper is to reflect on one’s personal and professional lives’ during his or her program study at University of Phoenix. I will reflect on one’s growth while looking at the effects of completing the Human Services degree program of current and future professional goals. In this paper, I will discuss one’s views of learning, influences of personal growth and development including professional competences and career goals. Additionally, this paper evaluates areas of growth of skill orientation of core courses, which includes general education and poses areas of recommendation that can enhance the curriculum at University of Phoenix. Lastly, this paper analyzes the effects completing an undergraduate degree program while giving insight of lifelong learning goals (University of Phoenix, 2012). Assessment of one’s personal and professional growth and development enhances awareness and brings accomplishments to the forefront. Personal and Professional Growth As I reflect on personal and professional growth prior to completion of one’s degree program, I realize that one has been empowered by great deals of faculty and staff at University of Phoenix, which has influenced personal and professional growth. People, places, and things easily deterred me in the past however; since enrollment of one’s degree program, empowerment...
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...School University of Washington Mackenzie Hall, Box 353200 Seattle, WA 98195 (206) 221-4835 geweili@u.washington.edu November 22, 2006 Abstract This paper examines the implications of the off-balance-sheet treatment of operating leases for future earnings and stock returns. The property rights granted by an operating lease contract generate both future benefits (off-balance-sheet capital investment) and future obligations (offbalance-sheet financing liabilities) for the lessee. The change in the off-balance-sheet capital investment can be viewed as a form of growth in net operating assets and also a form of offbalance-sheet accruals. By examining the footnote disclosure on operating leases, this paper shows that, after controlling for current earnings, greater off-balance-sheet operating lease activities lead to lower future earnings. This finding is consistent with diminishing marginal returns to investment in operating lease activities. Additional tests show that investors seem to incorrectly estimate the implications of off-balance-sheet lease activities for future earnings. A long-short investment strategy that exploits this misestimation generates significant future abnormal stock returns. These results suggest that the accrual anomaly documented in prior research extends to off-balance-sheet lease accruals. * This paper was awarded First Prize in the 2005 Chicago Quantitative Alliance Annual Academic Competition. I would like to thank the members of my dissertation committee:...
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...COMMERCIAL INVESTMENT PROPERTY: VA L U AT I O N METHODS An Information Paper ACKNOWLEDGEMNTS: The Publisher would like to express its thanks to Estates Gazette, the South Bank University and Jones Lang Wooten for permission to reproduce definitions taken from The Glossary of Property Terms (Estated Gazette, 1989). Please note: References to the masculine include, where appropriate, the feminine. Published by RICS Business Services Limited, a wholly owned subsidiary of The Royal Institution of Chartered Surveyors, under the RICS Books imprint Surveyor Court Westwood Business Park Coventry CV4 8JE UK No responsibility for loss occasioned to any person acting or refraining from action as a result of the material included in this publication can be accepted by the author or publisher. ISBN 0 85406 802 3 © RICS May 1997. Copyright in all or part of this publication rests with the RICS, and save by prior consent of the RICS, no part or parts shall be reproduced by any means electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise, now known or to be devised. Reprinted 2001 Printed by Quorn Litho Contents Information Papers Executive Summary Preface 1 1.1 1.2 1 .3 2 2.1 2.2 2.3 3 3.1 3.2 3.3 3.4 3.5 4 4.1 4.2 4.3 4.4 5 5.1 5.2 6 6.1 6.2 6.3 7 7.1 7.2 7.3 8 8.1 8.2 8.3 4 5 7 Valuation and Calculation of Worth A discussion of the role of the valuer and the distinction between valuation, appraisal...
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...Foreign Aid on the growth and development of less Developed Countries (LDCs) is a matter of strategic importance for the policy makers of these countries in framing their future economic programs and strategies. There has been a significant increase in the flow of foreign aid in the developing countries (Figure 1&2).According to Alberto Alesina, foreign aid is determined by political condition, economic needs and policy considerations of recipients. Despite the advancement of technology and infrastructure, a large number of developing countries still face the acute shortage of basic amenities of life such as Food and shelter. Thus, the influx of foreign aid can be a crucial factor to address these issues. Figure 1 FINN - 321 2 Research Paper Figure 2 The economic theory suggests positive effects of investment on the national income of the country. John Maynard Keynes in his most famous book The Theory of Employment, Interest and Money, argued that the national income of the country increase by more than the amount of investment by a phenomenon known as the MULTIPLER EFFECT. The qualitative effects of the investment such as Foreign Aid include the inflow of new technology, alleviation of poverty and establishment of infrastructure in the host economy. Thus, the increase of Foreign Aid is a positive sign for the future growth of a developing economy. The main objective of this empirical project is to analyze the effects of Foreign Aid on the growth rates of LDCs and to...
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...Brazil- Islamabad SECOM PULP AND PAPER INDUSTRY IN PAKISTAN General information on the Pulp and Paper Industry in Pakistan. Research and Compilation by the Commercial Section of the Embassy of Brazil in Pakistan. [pic]Pulp and Paper Industry in Pakistan Table of Contents 1. Pakistan’s Economy 2 2. Industry overview 2 2.1 Current Status of Pulp and Paper Industry in Pakistan 3 2.2 Types of papers produced 4 2.3 Method of Producing Paper 4 2.4 Raw Material Availability 5 3. Current status of Trade and Potential of Pak- Brazil Trade Cooperation in this sector 7 3.1 Potential of Export to Pakistan 8 4. Future Outlook 10 5. Companies and Useful Links 11 1[pic] SECOM-Islamabad, Pakistan [pic]Pulp and Paper Industry in Pakistan 1. Pakistan’s Economy Pakistan economy is positioned at 27th largest economy with 488 (1) billion USD in term of Purchasing Power Parity. Pakistan has a semi-industrialized economy, which mainly encompasses textiles, chemicals, food processing, agriculture and other industries. Growth poles of Pakistan's economy are situated along the Indus River, diversified economies of Karachi and Punjab's urban centers. The economy has suffered...
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...Abstract This paper analyzes the demand of Information Technology during different market conditions. This paper discusses the role of IT and its significance in the current world. It also discusses various market conditions that prevailed over the last few decades and their impact on IT. This paper mainly focuses on the recent recession and how is IT impacted and transformed during these conditions. Having discussed the history of IT in different market situations, this paper throws a light on future conditions and growth in the field of IT. DEMAND ANALYSIS OF IT IN DIFFERENT MARKET CONDITIONS Introduction Demand is an economic principle that tells us about consumers' want, readiness and their capability to pay a price for a specific good or service. It is a common belief that greater the demand, greater is the price of a good or service. But, what leads to the demand of a particular good/service is a complex analysis and is different for each good/service. Any business, before development or expansion, studies the demand for its product. This study of demand is a complex process. Based on this demand analysis report, a firm leadership would decide on extension or starting of the business. The demand analysis might help determine or justify a desire for expansion in a particular sector or just to assess the health of a particular sector. Even though the demand analysis procedure is performed differently based on the type of business or study, participants...
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...Neha Bhartiya PG-Fin Hedging through derivatives The basic purpose of derivatives is to provide the protection against unfavorable movements of the price at future date in order to reduce the financial risk. In other words, by the use of these instruments we can transfer the risk from those participants who desire to avoid it to the participants who are ready to accept the same. Any gain or loss in the original portfolio will be offset by a similar loss or gain in the derivative product used to hedge the portfolio. Hedging can be done through forwards, futures, options, swaps or by a combination of them. These instruments derive their value from the underlying asset. The research paper will focus mainly on the hedging instruments in India and will deal with the study and analysis of various models for hedging under derivatives in and outside India. It will also do a comparative analysis of hedging through futures and options. As the NSE figures show that in equity derivatives, almost 90% of activity is due to stock futures or index futures, whereas trading in options is limited to a few stocks, partly because they are settled in cash and not the underlying stocks. Exchange-traded derivatives based on interest rates and currencies are virtually absent. Indian commodity derivatives have great growth potential, but have not emerged yet. Similarly, credit derivatives, the fastest growing segment of the market globally, are absent in India and requires to be developed. Thus...
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...------------------------------------------------- An Analysis of the “Newspaper Publishing” Industry Table of Contents Executive Summary 2 Industry Overview 2 Newspaper publishing in India: Industry Scenario 2 Forecast of future growth 3 Industry Boundary for Newspaper Publishing houses 3 5-Forces Analysis 3 Threat of New Entry 3 Threat of Substitutes 4 Bargaining Power of Suppliers 4 Bargaining Power of Buyers 4 Rivalry among existing competitors 5 Government’s Role 5 Threat from Complements 5 Changing Industry dynamics 6 Global dynamics 6 Local dynamics 6 From traditional to integrated news room model 9 Partnership Ventures 9 Capacity Sharing Model 9 Key Action Points for the Newspaper Industry 10 Conclusion 11 Executive Summary The newspaper industry in India is highly fragmented amongst the Hindi Dailies, English Dailies and several vernacular Dailies. The market size of the entire industry stands at INR263 billion. Whereas with the growth of the digital media and strong presence of big search engines like Google; the print newspaper industry is struggling all over the world. But interestingly, Indian print newspaper industry is growing with the digital counterpart with hand in hand. On one hand Digital media is increasing its hold in tier I and II cities and also amongst young readers but on the other hand print media is reaching out to small villages and remote areas due to stronger and efficient distribution...
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...earnings and enhance the value of their shares. Far too often, however, firms find it difficult to sustain growth because they become risk averse and, as a result, opt for incremental product and service improvements instead of major initiatives, according to a study by a Wharton marketing professor. George S. Day, who also serves as co-director of Wharton’s Mack Center for Technological Innovation, says companies can avoid lackluster growth by better understanding the risks inherent in different levels of innovation and achieving a balance between — using two terms he has coined — BIG I innovation and small i innovation. In his study, Day discusses how executives can properly assess risks and then seek creative ways to reduce risk exposure. Day, a consultant to many Fortune 500 companies, says his research is the outgrowth of years of thinking about the problems that companies face in trying to set and achieve growth targets. Growth — particularly “organic” growth that comes from improving a company’s performance from within rather than relying on acquisitions — is so important that it is at the top of the agendas of some 80% of U.S. chief executive officers, according to Day. “These executives know that the expectation of superior organic growth is the most important driver of enterprise value in capital markets,” Day writes in the paper, titled “Closing the Growth Gap: Balancing BIG I and small iInnovation.” It is also a less expensive way to grow because a firm typically...
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