...The theory of multiple intelligences is a theory of intelligence that differentiates it into specific (primarily sensory) "modalities", rather than seeing intelligence as dominated by a single general ability. This model was proposed byHoward Gardner in his 1983 book Frames of Mind: The Theory of Multiple Intelligences. Gardner articulated seven criteria for a behavior to be considered an intelligence. These were that the intelligences showed: potential for brain isolation by brain damage, place in evolutionary history, presence of core operations, susceptibility to encoding (symbolic expression), a distinct developmental progression, the existence of savants, prodigies and other exceptional people, and support from experimental psychology and psychometric findings. Gardner chose eight abilities that he held to meet these criteria: musical–rhythmic, visual–spatial, verbal–linguistic, logical–mathematical, bodily–kinesthetic, interpersonal, intrapersonal, and naturalistic. He later suggested thatexistential and moral intelligence may also be worthy of inclusion. Although the distinction between intelligences has been set out in great detail, Gardner opposes the idea of labeling learners to a specific intelligence. Each individual possesses a unique blend of all the intelligences. Gardner firmly maintains that his theory of multiple intelligences should "empower learners", not restrict them to one modality of learning. Gardner argues intelligence is categorized into three primary...
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...experience for me. I decided some of Gardeners theories apply to me. Gardner addresses seven theories that touch on everything from the ability to detect patterns and reasoning. To be able to master language to express you and to remember information, to create mental images to help in problem solving, the ability to recognize and compose musical pitches, to being able to manipulate your mental abilities control bodily movements, and the ability to understand ones own feelings along with those of others. It is true that Gardner’s theory seems to be well rounded. When considering all the aspects of Gardner’s theory, one should stop and think about our day-to-day lives. In one way or another, we all use his theories. Weather we are a student engaging in learning new things or someone who deals with people in everyday work scenarios. We must always consider others feeling in our day-to-day situations. One must use our minds and surroundings to solve problems weather they be personal or work related. We must be able to see things in our heads before putting ideas into action. Weather it is a paper for an assignment or striving to get that important client at work. Therefore, I believe this proves my idea that Gardner’s theory is a part of it all. Two of the seven intelligences that apply most to me are Intrapersonal Intelligence and Interpersonal Intelligence. Intrapersonal Intelligence is having a understanding of yourself, knowing who you are, and what you can do. I usually...
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...Title: The Theory of Multiple Intelligences Name: Markeesha Eckols Course: Psy 300 Due Date: 4/23/2012 Instructor: Carlton Bowden The Theory of Multiple Intelligences In Gardner’s book “Frames of Minds” he argues that all humans are born with a multiplicity of intelligences. He suggested that with these intelligences; we can or should be developed by society to achieve great individual accomplishment and fulfill greater social goals. This theory of multiple intelligences has been divided into eight different categories; Linguistic, musical, logical, spatial, bodily kinesthetic, intrapersonal, interpersonal and naturalist (Gardner 1983). In Gardner’s opinion; seven kinds of intelligence would allow seven ways to teach, rather than one and powerful constraints that exist in the mind can be mobilized to introduce a particular concept (or whole system of thinking) in a way that children are most likely to learn it and least likely to distort it (Gardner 1983). Gardner was one of the first to teach us that we should not judge and develop people (especially children, young people, and people at the beginnings of their careers) according to an arbitrary and narrow definition of intelligence (Gardner 1983). We must instead rediscover and promote the vast range of capabilities that have a value in life and then set out valuing people for who they are, what they can be, and helping them to grow and fulfill their...
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...Howard Gardner's Theory on the Learning Process In 1983, Doctor Howard Gardner developed a theory of multiple intelligences (MI). Dr. Gardner was a professor and a psychologist of neuroscience from Harvard University. His theory questioned the current beliefs in the fields of cognitive science and education. In the past intelligence was measured by series of multiple short answer tests. Gardner's theory introduced intelligence broke down in seven different categories. The seven multiple intelligences include Linguistic, Logical/Mathematical, Musical Rhythmic, Bodily/ Kinesthetic, Spatial, Interpersonal, and Intrapersonal. Each different intelligence has a unique set of qualities. Linguistic is the capacity to use language, being able to express yourself and your mind. Logical/Mathematical is the intelligence in which one has a strong ability to use principles to reach a conclusion when solving problems. This type of intelligence would have the ability to manipulate numbers and quantities the same way you would in math. Musical Rhythmic intelligence is the ability to thoroughly think through music, sounds, rhythms and beats. Bodily/kinesthetic intelligence is when you are able to use your multiple body parts to solve a problem, such as playing sports, acting in plays, dancing, etc. Spatial intelligence is in which you can grasp the universe within your mind, when you can see the world that is not in front of you. Arts and sciences are where you will see this intelligence used...
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... However if asked many people can not define “intelligence”. Sternberg and Detterman in 1986 asked a large number of theorists what intelligence means. They were not able to find two persons to give them the same definition, though all the theorists asked stated that intelligence is the ability of an individual to learn and remember things. Therefore the individual will also will be able to use his knowledge and even put them into practice to solve certain tasks.(Martin et. al. 2010). The modern ideas of intelligence have been formed just before the end of the nineteenth century. This was possible due to work of to important people in psychology; the French Alfred Binet and the English Francis Galton. Alfred Binet was instructed by the French Ministry of Public Instruction to create and develop an intelligence test to check the level of intelligence of children found in the schools. The purpose of this test was to find if the children will perform the intelligence tests designed for their age and if they are up to the level of intelligence they should be at their age. Another important matter of this tests was to find that if there are any children that did not reach the level of intelligence they should have and if those need special education. Therefore in 1905 Binet and Theodore Simon created the Binet-Simon scale, which was the first intelligence test, actually was the base on the development pyramid of intelligence tests.(Maltby et. al. 2010). Charles Spearman...
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...In 1983 Dr. Howard Gardner developed the Gardner’s Theory. Gardner’s Theory has seven types of Intelligence. The seven types of intelligence are: Logical-Mathematical Intelligence, Linguistic Intelligence, Spatial Intelligence, Musical Intelligence, Bodily-Kinesthetic Intelligence, Interpersonal Intelligence, and Intrapersonal Intelligence. This intelligence is also known as The Multiple Intelligence Theory. Logical-Mathematical Intelligence- consists of the capacity to analyze problems logically carry out mathematical operations and investigate issues scientifically. Linguistic Intelligence- it involves sensitivity to spoken and written language. Also it's the ability to learn language to accomplish certain goals. Musical Intelligence-it involves skill in the performance, composition, and appreciation of musical patterns. Bodily-Kinesthetic Intelligence- entails the potential of using one’s whole body or parts of the body to solve problems. Spatial Intelligence- involves the potential to recognize and use more confined areas. Interpersonal Intelligence- is concerned with the capacity to understand the intentions, motivations, and desires of other people. Intrapersonal Intelligence- entails the capacity to understand one self, to appreciate one’s feelings, fears, and motivations. I chose Logical-Mathematical and Interpersonal Intelligence. Logical-Mathematical Intelligence is the ability to understand numbers and logical concepts well. Also it's the ability to...
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...MULTIPLE INTELLIGENCES? | |The topic that I have chosen is Gardner’s theory of multiple intelligences. The theory of multiple intelligences was proposed by Howard Gardner in 1983 as a model of intelligence that differentiates intelligence in to various specific modalities, rather than seeing it as dominated by a single general ability. Gardner argues that there is a wide range of cognitive abilities, and that there are only very weak correlations among them. For example, the theory predicts that a child who learns to multiply easily is not necessarily generally more intelligent than a child who has more difficulty on this task. They may best learn to multiply through a different approach, and may excel in a field outside of mathematics, or may even be looking at and understanding the multiplication process at a fundamentally deeper level, or perhaps as an entirely different process. Gardner, Howard (1993) It is vital to realize that a student’s capability can’t solely be judged according to the student’s academic performance. It is the duty of educators, parents, and others who work with the youth in our schools to understand that a student’s capability should be based upon their individual learning style. This learning style is affected and determined by many factors in a student’s life; one of them however, is the unique and individual make-up of one’s brain. For this reason, many educators have looked to Howard Gardner’s Theory of Multiple Intelligences to help them...
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...Multiple Intelligences Theory: alvin almonte "It's not how smart you are that matters, what really counts is how you are smart." ~ Howard Gardner Have you ever sat in a class where you thought to yourself how much more you would get out of it if the teacher would incorporate something visual along with his/her lecture? Is the instructor aware that you may learn more effectively by looking at visuals rather than simply listening to him/her lecture for an hour? Or maybe it would help if you could physically create something in order to understand the subject that was being discussed? What is your primary intelligence? Let's find out: (click here). How can the knowledge of your personal learning style help you to become more knowledgeable? Can you utilize this knowledge both in and out of the classroom? Whatever your personal learning style is, chances are that it is part of Howard Gardner's Multiple Intelligences Theory. Howard Gardner, Ph.D is the founding father of the Multiple Intelligences Theory. Formerly a Senior Co-Director of Harvard University's Project Zero, Howard Gardner's proposed his theory of multiple intelligences in his 1983 book, Frames of Mind. Project Zero, established at Harvard University's Graduate School of Education in 1967, continues to "help create communities of reflective, self-directed learners, to encourage the pursuit of deep understanding within and across disciplines, and to promote critical and creative thinking" (9). Gardner's pluralistic...
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...Gardner’s Theory In Gardner’s Theory, he specifies or identifies seven different types of learning or as he states types of intelligence. Gardner defines intelligence as the ability to solve problems. In this theory it is stated that the different type of intelligences are separated in the brain but they also work interdependently. They all work together or compliment each other so as to help one build skills and solve problems. Interpersonal Intelligence is the ability to understand the feelings of others. This is one of my strong points. I can usually get a good understanding of people by using this intelligence. I also use two other types of Gardner’s Intelligences the most. They are Linguistic Intelligence and Spatial Intelligence. Linguistic Intelligence is the ability to effectively use language to express one’s self. I am quite good at writing poetry and songs, which is one of the ways to use this type of intelligence. Spatial Intelligence is the ability to use or create mental images in order solve problems. An example of this is when I try to do math problems, I usually visualize the problem in my head and then solve it the same way. This used to cause me a lot of problems with my teachers in high school, as they wanted me to show my work and sometimes the answers just popped into my head. I do the same with spelling words. I visualize it in my brain and then spell it out loud or write it down. The use of these different intelligences are not even thought about...
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...Gardner's Theory of Multiple Intelligence Introduction to Psychology Gardner's Theory of Multiple Intelligence Intelligence cannot be seen, it has no mass, and it occupies no space. Nevertheless, we feel certain that it exists (Introduction to Psychology, 2007). Psychologist Alfred Binet, who was busy creating tests to rate child intelligence, was passionate about testing and measuring human capabilities. His understanding of intelligence evolved through intense trial-and-error testing with local students. Working with groups of average students as well as mentally handicapped students, Binet discovered certain tasks that average students could handle but that handicapped students could not. He calculated the normal abilities for students at each age, and could pinpoint how many years a student's mental age was above or below the norm. Binet equated intelligence with common sense. He called intelligence "judgment…good sense…the faculty of adapting one's self to circumstances." He also believed that intelligence is a combination of many skills - skills that are shaped heavily by the environment (Intelligence and Achievement Testing: Is the Half Full Glass Getting Fuller). In 1983, Howard Gardner argued that "reason, intelligence, logic and knowledge are not synonymous...", setting forth a theory of multiple intelligences. The concept of multiple intelligences helped broaden the idea of "intelligence" from a mathematical and verbal understanding, which had become...
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...Running head: THEORIES OF INTELLIGENCE Theories of Intelligence Anthony Dillon The University of Southern Queensland Abstract The concept of intelligence is regarded by psychologists as one of the more important individual difference measures that support predictions regarding a person’s potential for academic and other achievements in life. But what exactly is intelligence? Despite its importance, it is an entity that is not easily defined. To help define intelligence, researchers have developed theories that attempt to more fully explain its dynamic nature. This essay critically evaluates some of the well-known theories of intelligence: Spearman’s two-factor theory, Thurstone’s theory of primary mental abilities, Gardner’s theory of multiple intelligences, and Sternberg’s triarchic theory. The theories are discussed in terms of their relevance to the study of intelligence as well as their strengths and weaknesses. While none of the theories presented can specifically pinpoint what intelligence is, each theory is useful in revealing a different face of this important but elusive human characteristic. Theories of Intelligence Although intelligence is a long-standing topic in psychology (Laboratory of Comparative Human Cognition, 1982), a satisfactory definition of intelligence remains elusive (Carroll, 1993; Fogarty, 1999). However, several descriptions have been offered that allow a brief insight into what intelligence may be related to. For example, Eysenck...
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...individuals differ is in the strength of these intelligences and in the ways in which such intelligences are invoked and combined to carry out different tasks, solve diverse problems, and progress in various domains. Gardner says that these differences, “challenge an educational system that assumes that everyone can learn the same materials in the same way and that a uniform, universal measure suffices to test student learning. Gardner argues that a contrasting set of assumptions is more likely to be educationally effective. I think I possess an intrapersonal learning which is understanding one’s own interests and goals. Learning through interaction and more in tune with one’s feelings. I am more independent with my learning especially with deciding to be taking online courses for my degree. (Lane, n.d.). The Theory of Multiple Intelligences Howard Gardner talks about the different types of intelligences in one of his most famous pieces, “The Theory of Multiple Intelligences.” Intelligence is a general skill that is found in variable amounts in all persons. Gardner talks about how IQ tests are made to brain wash the student into thinking he/she is not ‘intelligent,’ when in fact it is quite the opposite. Intelligence is widely based on how well a student can answer a set of logic questions, whereas Gardner argues it is more based on simply different ways of learning. Gardner articulated several criteria for a behavior to be an intelligence to which he...
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...GARDNER’S THEORY The Gardner’s theory is a model of intelligence that differentiates intelligence into various specific (primarily sensory) modalities, rather than seeing it as dominated by a single general ability. The Gardner’s theory started around 1983. His full name is Howard Gardner. Howard Gardner came up with seven intelligences spatial, linguistic, logical-mathematical, bodily kinesthetic, musical, interpersonal and intrapersonal. In 1999 he identify naturalist and existential intelligence as the eighth and ninth types of intelligences. Gardner figured out that the different intelligence operate in an interdependent way rather than independently. The different intelligence complement each other and function in away that people can build skills and solve problems. The two intelligence that apply to me the most is musical intelligence and linguistic intelligence. Musical intelligence encompasses the capability to recognize and compose musical pitches, tones, and rhythms. I have been singing and playing the flute for many years. I never had any training in the flute or vocal lessons. When I was younger my mother bought me a flute and I immediately knew what to do with it. When I sing the sound that comes out is so peaceful and beautiful. I love to change the pitch and rhythm when I sing. When I want to learn something or remember something I can sing it or play it on my flute. I use musical intelligence just about everyday in my life. Linguistic intelligence involves...
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...Sharla Emmers EXP105 – Pamela Bartlett Gardner’s Theory Gardner’s theory was a new proposition as to how one’s brain is inherently pre-tuned for a particular job or function. Additionally, each type of intelligence directly relates to the methods people use to solve problems. Gardner’s contribution was largely different than previous psychologist’s belief, which was based predominantly upon IQ tests. He summarized that it is the uniqueness of each person which predicates how one could approach learning or problem-solving. Gardner theorized that there are seven types of intelligence, they are, Bodily-kinesthetic, Interpersonal, Intrapersonal, Linguistic, Logical-mathematical, Spatial, and Musical. Bodily-kinesthetic intelligence is the ability to control one’s body to perform complex functions, such as learning dance moves or performing a surgical operation. Interpersonal intelligence is the ability to empathize with other’s emotions and understand their intentions. Intrapersonal intelligence is being in touch with one’s own feelings and motivations, and utilizes their self-awareness to assist with problem-solving. Linguistic intelligence involves having the ability to communicate effectively to evoke certain feelings or emotions from their audience, but could also pertain to a person who uses language to assist with learning, such as using acronyms. Logical-mathematical intelligence is the ability to deductively deduce solutions to complex problems, as would be demonstrated...
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...used multiple intelligences (MI) since the day they were born. We have never thought about how we use them in our daily lives because they are used naturally. Gardner defines intelligence as "the capacity to solve problems or to fashion products that are valued in one or more cultural setting". Using biological as well as cultural research, he formulated a list of seven intelligences. The seven intelligences include linguistic intelligence, logical mathematical intelligence, musical intelligence, spatial intelligence, kinesthetic intelligence, interpersonal intelligence, and intrapersonal intelligence. He later added two more, naturalist and existential. This paper examines Gardner’s research and its effectiveness towards adult learners. Gardner initially created a list of seven intelligences. The first two have been typically valued in schools; the next three are usually associated with the arts; and the final two are what he called 'personal intelligences' (Gardner 1993). According to Gardner (1993), Linguistic intelligence learners enjoy writing, reading, telling stories or doing crossword puzzles. Logical-Mathematical intelligence learners are interested in patterns, categories and relationships. They are drawn to arithmetic problems, strategy games and experiments. Bodily-Kinesthetic intelligence learners process knowledge through bodily sensations. They are often athletic, dancers or good at crafts such as sewing or woodworking. Spatial intelligence learners think...
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