...Let's begin with introducing the two. Sexual orientation is a term used to refer to the sex of those to whom someone is sexually and romantically attracted. Sexual orientation is not a choice. It consists of labels such as gay, lesbian, and bisexual. On the other hand gender identity is how one sees themselves in terms of male, female, a blend of both, or neither. Someone's gender identity can be different from what they were born as. So in short words, sexual orientation is "who you want to have sex with," and gender identity is "who you are." When it comes to the needs that surround the two, there are similarities. For instance, whom you are attracted to usually has a lot to do with whom you are. Sexual relations do not only pertain to who...
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...Sexual and Gender Identity, Personality, and Eating Disorders Outline 1. Sexual and Gender Identity a. Categorized as just that, sexual and gender identity disorders b. Some classifications include gender identity disorder, sexual dysfunctions, and paraphilia’s c. Biological contributions include physical disease, medical illness, prescribed medications, use and abuse of alcohol and other drugs d. Emotional patterns of unstable and intense interpersonal relationships, emotional instability, identity disturbance, chronic feeling of emptiness, and often show symptoms of agitated effort to avoid real or imaginary abandonment e. Cognitively causes paranoid thoughts, to the extreme of having repetitive suicidal thoughts f. Behaviorally; individuals have/ show serious and rigid personality traits that causes anguish to the individual and/ or cause problems at work, school, and/ or social relationships (impulsiveness, intense anger, and stress) 2. Personality Disorders a. Categorized by how an individual relates to the world b. Some classifications include antisocial personality disorder and histrionic personality disorder c. Biologically; genetics are responsible for personality (a connection between genetics and personality traits) d. Emotional components reflect on a disruptive childhood e. Cognitively, childhood experiences shape thought patterns in which it later becomes the individuals personality f. Behavioral wise, individuals act out their beliefs although the...
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...Gender Identity Psy/340 Gender Identity Introduction The endocrine system is made up of several glands that secrete different hormones. These glands are the: Pituitary, Pineal, Thyroid, Parathyroid, Thymus, Pancreas, and Adrenal Glands as well as the ovaries and testes. All of these glands have a hand in generating hormones responsible for different behaviors either directly or indirectly. “Gender identity is how we feel about and express our gender and gender roles — clothing, behavior, and personal appearance. It is a feeling that we have as early as age two or three” ("Gender And Gender Identity", 2001). While there is much to say about the brain and its relationship to personal gender identity it is also very evident that the interaction between hormones and behavior is a deciding factor as well. Biological Factors & Gender Identity Our personal biology is what we are born with, things that are distinctive to us. Whether someone has red or blonde hair, brown or blue eyes, or light or dark skin is part of their biology. More specifically our sexual organs are perhaps the most distinctive parts of our biology because they set the groundwork for how we will be viewed by society, whether we personally feel that way or not. I say this because our sexual organs will inevitably determine our appearance. Having male organs causes boys/men secrete more androgens or male hormones (testosterone) than girls. Because they secrete a larger amount of these hormones they will...
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...Gender Identity Every sexual thought, attraction,preference, development, feeling, memory, fantasy, and choice stem from complex brain activity. A complex genetic code determines body type; but that type does not always dictate sexual identity. Sexual identity is an even more complex development that encompasses hormone levels, social learning, individual perception, and attraction. Humans are born genetically male or female; but that does not necessarily control which sexual identity the individual will discover. Planned Parenthood (2012) defines gender identity as how a person feels about and expresses his or her gender; despite genetic or natural gender assignment. Some humans are genetically male or female and identify with the traditional gender roles; but others may find that the traditional cultural norms do not match their feelings or thoughts. Sexual identity is the sexual part of human expression that does not include ideas like sexual orientation, sexual preference, physical gender, or body type. If an individual considers his or her gender as female and is at ease with referring to his or her individual sexual characteristics in feminine terms, his or her gender identity is female. Gender identity has nothing to do with the physical characteristics of gender; but focuses on how the individual thinks (either masculine or feminine) and how he or she expresses those feelings. Ghosh (2012) explains gender identity as “self-identified, as a result of a combination...
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...|Gender Identity | |Hormonal and Behavioral Interactions Affect Determination of Gender Identity | |To explain how hormones affect gender identity and sexual behavior or examine how the interaction between hormones and behavior can be | |somewhat complicated. It would be easier to explain if we could say that behavior is caused unequivocally by hormones in the body. What | |has been established though is that elevated levels of hormones increase the chance of certain behaviors, and certain behaviors increase | |the likelihood of change in hormones. What also has been established is that hormones carry messages and that they can affect facets of | |the body at different times (Kalat, 2001). When the body requires a certain process to be done or needs a certain protein made, the | |brain emits a signal to make a certain type of hormone. Those signals are sent through other kinds of hormones that are also in the body.| |Puberty is the time when hormones disperse and levels rise. The testosterone levels in males are usually higher than the estrogen levels | |and that’s when tissue and muscle growth give rise to masculinity. In females, the estrogen levels predominate resulting in femininity. | |At any rate, the lessened or heightened amount of either of these hormones in the...
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...Gender Identity August 5, 2013 Gender Identity Paper Gender identity and sexual differentiation form a complex, interrelated paradigm involving genetic inheritance, internal and external physiology, endocrinology, neurological structure, sexual orientation, and socio-environmental factors. Before the 1950’s gender assignment at birth was a matter of ‘predominant sex’; in other words, dependent on external genitalia, structure of gonads, and sex chromosomes (Cohen-Kettenis, 2005). In the wake of the behavioral-cognitive movement that sprang up shortly thereafter, the ‘psychosexual neutrality’ theory was embraced, built upon the supposed, all-encompassing mechanism of experiential learning. More recently a policy of ‘optimal gender’ has been adopted, in which gender assignment is based on reproductive abilities, overall psychological functionality, and psychosexual efficacy. Regardless of which policy is used for gender assignment, an understanding of the underlying genetic, hormonal, and environmental factors involved in sexual differentiation is the key to elucidating the more complicated subjects of gender identity and sexual orientation. When the 23 single chromosomes of the male sperm and female ovum combine to create a genetically unique human zygote, complete with 23 pairs of chromosomes, it is the 23rd chromosome that determines genetic sex (Wickens, 2005). If the alleles of the 23rd chromosome are both an X, then the zygote is genetically female; if one X and one...
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...Gender Identity Ryan Boyd PSY/340 February 28, 2013 Felicia Martin Gender Identity Many people are curious to know what controls a human beings sexual orientation. There has been an ongoing debate about nature versus nurture and its connection to human sexual orientation. There are also other influences that have an effect on sexual differentiation and gender identity. This paper will explain the interaction between hormones and behavior, and how these interactions affect the determination of gender identity. The sexual behavior of humans are shaped and influenced by cultural factors that lead human sexuality to be expressed in various ways through many cultures historically. The biological factors in sexual differentiation are very important to the human because it allows a person to grasp and understand the complexities and problems that are involved in human sexual conditions. The premature stages of sexual differentiation after birth are influenced by environmental factors. Once the child advance from childhood and into young adulthood the influences of biological, environmental, and culture has an effect on sexual differentiation. According to Ault and Brzuzy (2009), gender identity is a multifaceted system of ideas surrounding masculinity and femininity, in terms of the roles prescribed to men and women by society, and how they relate to maleness and femaleness in relation to the self. Gender identity is presented through behavioral expressions of masculinity...
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...Gender Identity Paper Gender is determined at the time of conception. Gender Identity is defined as a personal conception of oneself as being male or female. Gender Identity issues can arise from several reasons and present in many different ways. Hormonal imbalance in the human body can cause an individual to question their true gender. The human body produces hormones which act as “chemical messengers” to try to regulate certain bodily functions like metabolism and growth. These hormones are produced in the endocrine system which includes the adrenal, pancreas, pineal, pituitary, and thyroid glands and manage things like puberty, growth, and physical changes. Hormones help the body maintain homeostasis or a state of balance within the body. When the body produces to much or to little of a hormone it can cause both physical and emotional problems. What are the interactions between hormones and do these interactions affect determination of gender identity? Hormones are responsible for sexual dimorphism (phenotypic sex differences) in the structure of the body and its organs. For example, hormones affect the internal sex organs, including genitals, and secondary sex characteristics that can operate to influence a person's behavior. Thus some research indicates that hormones are responsible for the gender makeup that acts as determinants of feminine and masculine traits. In addition, hormones affect behavior by interacting...
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...Cultural variation: Every culture treats gender differently. It is important that where they from. For example, the old Asian also think homosexual is sin. Some parent actually disowns you. But now, it still exists but most of the younger don’t care. Cause they have more education now. Also in some country of middle east, homosexual is illegal and comes with death penalty. So it bases on where you from. But for me, homosexual just your decision. There’s nothing wrong to have relationship with your same gender. Gender socialization: Society treat and teach them differently to distinguish their identity. Just like girls should learn how to cook, boys can’t wear dress. Girls support stay home watch kids. Gender socialization also a little related to Cultural variation. In previous generation’s Asian, woman should stay house and take everything. They don’t need to go to school. Cause they don’t need to work. And man should work and bring money to feed your family. But now are different, I seen some man stay home take care of their children and woman go work. So what gender you think who you are is related to society. People try to teach kid without gender now: http://blogs.thegospelcoalition.org/trevinwax/2013/12/16/no-more-gender-a-look-into-swedens-social-experiment/ Gender identity: People think what kind of gender they are. No matter they think they are male, female or other. Core gender identity is usually firmly formed by age three. After age three, it is extremely...
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...Sex and Gender are Different: Sexual Identity and Gender Identity are Different Milton Diamond, Ph.D. University of Hawaii, John A. Burns School of Medicine Department of Anatomy and Reproductive Biology Pacific Center for Sex and Society Clinical Child Psychology & Psychiatry - Special Issue In Press for July 2002 Special Editors: Bernadette Wren, Portman Clinic Fiona Tasker, University of London | | | | | | | |Sex and Gender are Different: | |Sexual Identity and Gender Identity | |are Different | | | |Abstract: | |This paper attempts to enhance understanding and communication about different sexual issues. It starts by offering definitions to| |common...
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...Gender Identity Paper Barbra Kill PSY/340 April 4th, 2012 Kelle Franklin Gender Identity Paper Gender is a psychological term that refers to the awareness and reaction to the biological term of sex. It is also a term that can have more than one meaning. Gender role is when someone adopts the masculine or feminine behavioral traits that are associated with each sex. Gender identity refers to a person’s personal sense of whether they are male or female, and sexual orientation or preference is whom a person is physically and sexually attracted to. Before the 1950’s gender assignment at birth was a matter of ‘predominant sex’; in other words, dependent on external genitalia, structure of gonads, and sex chromosomes (Cohen-Kettenis, 2005). In the wake of the behavioral-cognitive movement that sprang up shortly thereafter, the ‘psychosexual neutrality’ theory was embraced, built upon the supposed, all-encompassing mechanism of experiential learning. More recently a policy of ‘optimal gender’ has been adopted, in which gender assignment is based on reproductive abilities, overall psychological functionality, and psychosexual efficacy. Regardless of which policy is used for gender assignment, an understanding of the underlying genetic, hormonal, and environmental factors involved in sexual differentiation is the key to elucidating the more complicated subjects of gender identity and sexual orientation. Biological factors play a huge role in shaping children’s physical...
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...The Impact of Gender Identity and Sexuality has on Adolescents Holly Kidd Liberty University Abstract The purpose of this paper is to not only to identify how and why gender identity and sexuality has such a huge impact on many of the lives of adolescents but also how they tend to deal with each. The period of adolescence tends to be a difficult time for many teenagers because of all the physical and even some emotional changes they experience through the adolescence period and unfortunately some tend to keep experiences and are even affected long after the adolescence period. In order, to identify how and why gender identity and sexuality but also note all the possible affects each one has on adolescents and how to deal with each situation. Finally, offer suggestions (such as identify ways to love one's self to showing one how to express themselves in a positive ways but also by offering counseling sessions to continue to learn how to understand themselves) for better solutions, which would benefit the lives of adolescents for many years to come. In the typical life of an adolescent it supposed to be the best years of that adolescent's life. But unfortunately that is not the case for many adolescents because many of them become victims of different types of bullying, which includes the impacts of Gender Identity and Sexuality. The word adolescent means becoming an adult (Isaacs, 2013 p.881), in which, all adolescents look forward too. However, some adolescents...
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...Development of Sexual Identity Development of Sexual Identity This paper will discus the following things about sexual identity: development factors, such as biological sex, gender identity and roles, sexual orientation, and the relationship between these factors. One would have never assumed that sexuality would be a topic of great conversation and questions. Over time we have became a society made up from a melting pot not only of different ethnic groups but of sexual orientation. Sexual Identity Development Factors There are several factors that influence a person’s sexual identity. The first factor that affects sexual orientation is biological sex. Biological sex is determined by a person’s chromosomal make up along with hormones. Females are typically born with XX chromosomes and males are born with XY chromosomes. Although in some situations there can be a mutation of the Y chromosome, the SRY gene which is the sex determining portion of the Y chromosome can be missing in XY girls’ Y and is present in the XX boys’ X (Offner, 2010). Chromosomes alone cannot determine gender identity hormones also help in determining gender identity. The SRY gene codes on the Y chromosome cause the indifferent gonads to become testicle which then secrete testosterone which then causes the Wolffian duct system to develop which is the male structures (Offner, 2010). So as you can see together with the SRY gene and specific level of testosterone within an embryo...
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...Gender Identity Paper Rechelle Stevenson PSY/340 Annie Powers 4-27-2014 In the research paper the reader will learn the meaning of gender identity and how hormones and behavior interact with each other. Also how hormones and behavior affect the determination of gender identity. Included will be the roles of biological factors. This paper will determine which has greater influence on gender identity nature or nurture. Gender identity is the acceptance of ones membership into a certain group of people. How an individual perceives themselves male or female is considered gender identity. Hormones play a major role in a person’s life; it affects their sex in two ways. Hormones affect the development from the time a person is conceived until they have grown into sexual maturity. Sexual maturity of anatomical, physiological, and behavioral traits determine a person as a male or female by activating the reproduction related behavior of sexual mature adults. Endocrine glands main function is to release hormones (University of Phoenix, 2009). A biological factor has a big part in shaping physical development. Males and females are born with distinctive sexual organs, these differences emerge around puberty. Hormones are responsible for the appearance of these physical differences. Too much androgen plays a major part in a male or female. Boys that have an excess amount of androgens tend to be fine and behave normally. Girls on the other hand are a different story; they tend...
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...Gender Identity Gender Identity Gender identity is a complex and multi-dimensional element of a person (Egan & Perry, 2001). Gender identity is the self – identification as male or female. Gender identity, however, is not the same as sexual orientation (Sue, Sue, & Sue, 2010). Both biological and environmental factors contribute to one’s gender identity. Many people have the assumption that there are male and female hormones that determine gender identity (Pinel, 2009). However, this is not the case. In this paper, I will discuss how hormones, as well as environment, affect one’s gender identity and behavior. Biological Factors and Sexual Differentiation The human body consists of many hormones. Among them are androgens, estrogens, and progestins. Androgens and estrogens are both the most common classes of gonadal hormones. A third class of gonadal hormones is progestins. The most common progestin is progesterone. Progesterone prepares the uterus and breasts for pregnancy in females; however it is unclear of its purpose in males (Pinel, 2009). Although it is widely assumed that androgens are “male” hormones and estrogens are “female” hormones. In actuality, men and women have the same hormones although at different levels. These hormones also do not perform the same functions in both sexes. Males and females are both exposed to high levels of estrogens during the fetal stage. However, males are exposed to high androgen levels during the same...
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