...watching the girls play jump rope, had pushed him. He started shouting obscenely things at the young boy and soon begin punching hitting and kicking him. The young boy didn’t know what he did wrong and why he was being treated this way. An adult saw what was going on and ran to stop it. He then took the young boy home with the little boy asking “Why?” See the young boy didn’t know that jump rope was known as “femininity”. He was raised to be open-minded and androgynous. The other boy was raised and taught the masculine gender roles and what he is appropriate and inappropriate behavior. Somehow, the other boy felt that the young boy’s behavior was inappropriate and he should be punished for it. This is what happens when development of the human sexuality is influenced by factors, such as parents, authoritative figures, peers, etc. Some people are raised differently from others and as a result of that are ridiculed and made fun of or even, hated. This paper will discuss the factors that influence the development of human...
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...Gender Identity Paper Rechelle Stevenson PSY/340 Annie Powers 4-27-2014 In the research paper the reader will learn the meaning of gender identity and how hormones and behavior interact with each other. Also how hormones and behavior affect the determination of gender identity. Included will be the roles of biological factors. This paper will determine which has greater influence on gender identity nature or nurture. Gender identity is the acceptance of ones membership into a certain group of people. How an individual perceives themselves male or female is considered gender identity. Hormones play a major role in a person’s life; it affects their sex in two ways. Hormones affect the development from the time a person is conceived until they have grown into sexual maturity. Sexual maturity of anatomical, physiological, and behavioral traits determine a person as a male or female by activating the reproduction related behavior of sexual mature adults. Endocrine glands main function is to release hormones (University of Phoenix, 2009). A biological factor has a big part in shaping physical development. Males and females are born with distinctive sexual organs, these differences emerge around puberty. Hormones are responsible for the appearance of these physical differences. Too much androgen plays a major part in a male or female. Boys that have an excess amount of androgens tend to be fine and behave normally. Girls on the other hand are a different story; they tend...
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...This paper will discuss the roles of biological factors—nature—and environmental influences—nurture—on sexual differentiation and gender identity. The paper will also determine which has the greater influence on gender identity: nature or nurture. Lastly, the paper will discuss the current arguments about sexual identity and how evidence from biopsychology may help resolve the argument. Biological Factors on Sexual Differentiation and Gender Identity Gender identity is being either male or female. Gender identity is the element that helps make up an individual's sense of self. Before a baby is born their gender is form to either a boy or girl. There are 23 pairs of chromosomes in the human body and it is known that the ova and sperm cells contains part of that number (Rathus, Nevid, & Fichner-Rathus, 2011). When a sperm cell fertilizes an ovum, the zygote ends up having the whole 23 pairs of chromosomes, one is from the father and one is from the mother (Pinel, 2009). When a sperm fertilizes an egg, the development of the zygote in the male or female will depend on whether the sperm is carrying an X or Y sex chromosome (Pinel, 2009). Female ova contain only an X sex chromosome and needs the sperm to provide a Y sex chromosome, which develops a male and if it X sex chromosome the zygote will develop a female. In the case of hormones males and females have different levels of hormones. Hormones that influence an individual’s behavior can produce either masculine or feminine...
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...Significant Relationship between the Students’ Gender and their Opinion on the Addition of Sex Education in Basic Education Curriculum of Secondary Schools A Research Paper Submitted to the Teacher in Advanced Statistics Jose Panganiban National High School Jose Panganiban Camarines Norte In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements of the Subject by: Angel Rose E. Manulid Mary Jane Castillo Jea Camille Abarca John Paul Panol March 23, 2011 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT I have my sincere thanks to all the people who have contributed and helped me to work on this research study. This research would not have been possible unless my fellow group members did not helped me on gathering data or conducting a face-to-face survey on the students of Jose Panganiban National High School. I would also like to thank the students that had been asked and interviewed about our research and for those who gratefully answered our questions in a good manner. The preparation of this important document would not have been possible without the support, hard work and endless efforts of my classmates and my valuable friends to help me to finish this study and also to the work of the other group that became the basis of the format of this research paper. I would like to acknowledge and extend my heartfelt gratitude to my favorite and statistics teacher, Mrs. Marife Osorio, in spite of making our heads bleed and break through every 2:30 on the afternoon from Monday to Friday, for teaching us and...
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...Gender Identity Paper Barbra Kill PSY/340 April 4th, 2012 Kelle Franklin Gender Identity Paper Gender is a psychological term that refers to the awareness and reaction to the biological term of sex. It is also a term that can have more than one meaning. Gender role is when someone adopts the masculine or feminine behavioral traits that are associated with each sex. Gender identity refers to a person’s personal sense of whether they are male or female, and sexual orientation or preference is whom a person is physically and sexually attracted to. Before the 1950’s gender assignment at birth was a matter of ‘predominant sex’; in other words, dependent on external genitalia, structure of gonads, and sex chromosomes (Cohen-Kettenis, 2005). In the wake of the behavioral-cognitive movement that sprang up shortly thereafter, the ‘psychosexual neutrality’ theory was embraced, built upon the supposed, all-encompassing mechanism of experiential learning. More recently a policy of ‘optimal gender’ has been adopted, in which gender assignment is based on reproductive abilities, overall psychological functionality, and psychosexual efficacy. Regardless of which policy is used for gender assignment, an understanding of the underlying genetic, hormonal, and environmental factors involved in sexual differentiation is the key to elucidating the more complicated subjects of gender identity and sexual orientation. Biological factors play a huge role in shaping children’s physical...
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...|[pic] |Syllabus | | |College of Social Sciences | | |PSY/410 | | |Abnormal Psychology | Copyright © 2010, 2009, 2007 by University of Phoenix. All rights reserved. Course Description This course is designed to provide students with an introduction to theories and research concerning abnormal behavior (psychopathology). The course will address such topics as the incidence (frequency) of abnormal behavior of various types; how abnormal behaviors are classified into various diagnostic categories; the etiologies (causes) of psychological disorders; and the variety of methods employed in the treatment of abnormal behavior. Policies Faculty and students/learners will be held responsible for understanding and adhering to all policies contained within the following two documents: • University policies: You must be logged into the student website to view this document. • Instructor policies: This document is posted in the Course Materials forum. University...
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...Introduction After Second World War, gender gap in education could be noteworthy issue all over the world (Arnot, 1999). Nowadays, more girls have the opportunity to join higher education, even occupy half of the students. That is to say women’s status has been improved nowadays. Meanwhile, in Britain, it is said it has took part in the “gender parity” in many years. However, according to OECD, compare with other developed countries, Britain is more significant in education gender gap. For this essay, Britain could be typical countries for the subject of gender gap in education. This report will give two positive approaches to improve the Britain’s gender gap in education and evaluate which is more suitable. 2.0 Background There is an obsolete statement that girls have talented in language courses and some art creation while boys are do well in math and science subjects (Sullivan, 2009). So as we have seen that boys graduate from university might work on some science or physical studies while girls could become teachers or nurses because of excellent abilities in communication. According to BBC news, in this era, employers’ organization asks for higher study levels than before which is includes math, physical, chemistry skills. Meanwhile, BBC new also states just nearly third of women struggle on math in university and most of them cannot get good grades as men’s. That is to say, dated subject choice in Britain should be changed to achieve the gender parity. In order to evaluate the...
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...Gender gender is a range of physical, mental, and behavioral characteristics distinguishing between masculinity and femininity.[1][2][3] Depending on the context, the term may refer to sex (i.e. the state of being male or female), social roles (as in gender roles), or gender identity.[1][2][3][4] Gender studies is a branch of the social sciences. Sexologist John Money introduced the terminological distinction between biological sex and gender as a role in 1955. Before his work, it was uncommon to use the word "gender" to refer to anything but grammatical categories.[1][2] However, Money's meaning of the word did not become widespread until the 1970s, when feminist theory embraced the distinction between biological sex and the social construct of gender. Today, the distinction is strictly followed in some contexts, especially the social sciences[5][6] and documents written by the World Health Organization (WHO).[4] In contrast, for many contexts, including some areas of social sciences, the meaning of gender has expanded to include "sex" or even to replace the latter word.[1][2] Although this gradual change in the meaning of gender can be traced to the 1980s, a small acceleration of the process in the scientific literature was observed when the Food and Drug Administration started to use "gender" instead of "sex" in 1993.[7] "Gender" is now commonly used even to refer to the physiology of non-human animals, without any implication of social gender roles.[2] In the English...
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...Gender is a range of physical, mental, and behavioral characteristics distinguishing between masculinity and femininity.[1][2][3] Depending on the context, the term may refer to sex (i.e. the state of being male or female), social roles (as in gender roles), or gender identity.[1][2][3][4] Gender studies is a branch of the social sciences. Sexologist John Money introduced the terminological distinction between biological sex and gender as a role in 1955. Before his work, it was uncommon to use the word "gender" to refer to anything but grammatical categories.[1][2] However, Money's meaning of the word did not become widespread until the 1970s, when feminist theory embraced the distinction between biological sex and the social construct of gender. Today, the distinction is strictly followed in some contexts, especially the social sciences[5][6] and documents written by the World Health Organization (WHO).[4] In contrast, for many contexts, including some areas of social sciences, the meaning of gender has expanded to include "sex" or even to replace the latter word.[1][2] Although this gradual change in the meaning of gender can be traced to the 1980s, a small acceleration of the process in the scientific literature was observed when the Food and Drug Administration started to use "gender" instead of "sex" in 1993.[7] "Gender" is now commonly used even to refer to the physiology of non-human animals, without any implication of social gender roles.[2] In the English literature...
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...Running Head: GENDER IDENTITY AND SEXUALITY Gender Identity and Sexuality Table of Contents Abstract………………………………………………………………………………………..3 Gender Identity and Sexuality……………………………………………………….. References………………………………………………………………………………….. Abstract Sexuality and gender identify are two separate terms but they relate to each other very much. Sexuality is anything that relates to sex. It includes birth control, abortion, our bodies, our gender and gender identity. Understanding how teens think about their sexuality helps us understand what they are going though as young adults. Gender Identity has changed in the last ten year. What is gender identity? It is the way we look at ourselves or how other people look at us. Some teens may be confused of what their sexual orientation is. And what is a counselor’s role to helping them out. Some teen may be unsure of their gender identity, if they are supposed to feel a certain way to the opposite sex or the same sex. Is TV and media persuading them that they have to be a certain way? In this paper I will tie to the two together. First a person has to be aware of their sexuality. Sex and Gender will also be explained. Even though they are the same they can be defined very different. Culture also plays a major part in sexuality, cultures such as Asians, Blacks, Whites and Latinos. Each culture handles sexuality different. Research includes exploring that many avenues of each culture. Introduction Human being are divers...
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...Gender Identity When the word gender is brought up, the first thought that comes to mind is weither the person is male or female. This is not necessarily correct. The term sex is a biological term that refers to the physical differences between males and females. If sex is the term that encompasses male or female, then what exactly is gender? Gender is a psychological term that refers to the awareness and reaction to the biological term of sex. It also is a term that can construe more than one meaning. Gender is determined by biological, psychological, and sociological factors. Gender consists of three elements: gender role, gender identity, and sexual orientation or preference (Kenyon, 1994-2006). Gender role, is defined as the outward manifestations of personality that reflect the gender identity. Basically, it occurs when someone adopts the masculine or feminine behavioral traits that are associated with each sex. Gender role is manifested within society by observable factors such as behavior and appearance (Ghosh, 2009). Gender identity refers to a person’s personal sense of whether he or she are male or female (or rarely, both or neither). Gender identity, in nearly all instances, is self-identified, as a result of a combination of inherent and extrinsic or environmental factors (Ghosh, 2009). And sexual orientation or preference is whom a person is physically and sexually attracted to. In this paper the topics of discussion will be the interaction between hormones and...
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...Gender Identity Paper Brandie Thurman PSY/340 May 25, 2013 Dr. Stephanie Sencil-White There are many biological, psychological, and sociological factors involved in the formation of gender identity. Gender identity is not completely understood as it is much more complex than the joining of a sperm and an egg. For many people, the terms “gender” and “sex” are interchangeable. Biological sex and gender are different; gender is not inherently connected to one’s physical anatomy as biological sex is. When one thinks’ of the term “gender”, we are referring to the role and personalities one assumes within society, for example in American culture females tend to be perceived as more nurturing and males are aggressive and dominant. Hormones and behavior affect gender identity in significant ways each with a distinct purpose. To understand the difference of biological sex and gender, nature versus nurture, and how the environment has an effect this paper will review and explain the interactions between hormones and behaviors and how those interactions affect the determination of gender identity. Gender development starts at the point one is conceived. Gender identity is defined as an individual’s self conception of being either male or female, as distinguished from actual biological sex (Britannica, 2013). Gender differences exist in nearly every social phenomena and for most persons, gender identity and biological characteristics are the same however there are some circumstances...
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...Annotated Bibliography & Outline for Gender Identity Paper Outline I. Introduction II. What is gender Identity? III. Gender Discrimination A. Male B. Female IV. Appearance V. Gender and Interpersonal VI. Development a. Sex role stereotypes VII. Environmental factors VIII. Conclusion Introduction Throughout this paper I will be talking about gender identity which I have done a research. I will be using different several articles that researched on gender identity and will share the information I got out of the articles. Gender identity is something that most of the time goes unnoticed and lot of people are afraid to be who they are. What is gender identity? Gender Identity (1988) Social Psychology Quarterly, Retrieved from http://www.jstor.org/stables/2786925 This article talks about gender identity, self-esteem, physical and sexual abuse in dating relationships. The article gives important information about gender identity. The researchers had examined the roles of gender identity and self-esteem in both physical and sexual abuse in dating relationships. Gender Discrimination Race and Gender Discrimination, (2009). Retrieved from http://www.jstor.org/stable/2118176 This article focuses on gender discrimination and race on buying cars. The information presented in the article goes depth into highlighting how sellers sometimes can use race or gender to sell cars to their buyers. Example could be male via...
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...Seven: Sex and Gender Worksheet ETH/125 Week Seven: Sex and Gender Worksheet Answer the following questions in 50 to 150 words each. Provide citations for all the sources you use. What is gender? What is sex in biological terms? Are gender and sex the same thing? Explain why or why not? According to World Health Organization (2014), “‘Gender’ refers to the socially constructed roles, behaviours, activities, and attributes that a given society considers appropriate for men and women” (para.3). Gender is in fact a social construct, designed to allow us to categorize and identify people by a group of emotional traits, behaviors, and stereotypes. These groups are often assumed to correspond with physical characteristics such as long or short hair, pectoral muscles or breasts, or penis or vagina. Biologically, sex is the possession of male and female reproductive organs, or more specifically, XX chromosomes for women and XY chromosomes for men. According to World Health Organization (2014), “Some examples of sex characteristics: women menstruate while men do not, men have testicles while women do not, women have developed breasts that are usually capable of lactating, while men have not, and men generally have more massive bones than women” (para.2). Clearly, once defined gender and sex are as different as men and women, black and white, and all the gray areas in between. A biologically physical male can exhibit feminine traits and identify with the feminine gender, thus...
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...Gender Roles in Today’s society There seems to be a never ending debate about same-sex relationships. Typically the acceptance of this idea can go one way or another. In Stephan Mays’ article, “What about Gender Roles in Same-Sex relationships” he states that right away that “imposing gender roles on gay couples is even more ridiculous than doing so with a straight couple” (Mays 718). In this short article Mays talks mostly about traditional gender roles that society has drilled into our heads; gender roles such as men are tall and women are petite and thin, men can only play masculine sports and woman should not, and my personal favorite, men earn all the money and the woman stay at home to clean and take care of the kids. Throughout this article Mays talks passionately about how we need to, as a society, overcome these stereotypes and accept the person as they are. Overall, I think that Stephan May’s article has the perfect blend of pathos, logos, and ethos to make his article effective and efficient. In Stephan Mays’ article “What about Gender Roles in Same-Sex Relationships” he talks about how society should not look at people by their sexual orientation but look at them as a person. He opens his article with a personal experience he had walking on the sidewalk. He listened in on two people having a conversation about spotting two gay men walking together. While listening closely he heard the two girls comment on the gay couple’s gender roles; “Who do you think is the...
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