...“Fashion Dreams: Hitchcock, Women, and Lisa Fremont” by John Fawell discusses the way femininity and fashion play a significant role in the creation of Alfred Hitchcock’s films. Fawell states that Hitchcock’s “works are characterized by a fascination with women, with their charm, their sophistication, their maturity, their wisdom” (277). This is especially compelling in the way that Hitchcock often treated his actresses on the sets of his films. It seems that Hitchcock is very fascinated with the feminine traits of women and women’s fashion in general. However, as it was stated in the article, Hitchcock often wanted to change his actresses’ techniques and ways in order to show a more human side to them. This fascination with women is shown in the female characters of the film such as Lisa Fremont, and Miss Torso. He often casts them as sexual objects, with Miss Torso’s outfits and dancing...
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...habits in women, in a third part we will see how these changes influenced retailers, and finally we will conclude. With the modernization, and the development of new technologies, we can see a change in men’s consumption behaviors. Indeed the gender stereotypes have faded; cosmetics are no longer reserved to women, the choice of the car is no longer reserved to men…With the growth of challengers, the increase of e-commerce, retailers couldn’t sell their goods like in the past with one product for everyone without take into account Culture, gender, age... and they have to developed new strategies like retail market segments, business intelligent tools to respond to these changes. Nowadays “more and more men are in the market for grooming and personal care products”. “Men’s grooming represents a $35 billion global industry in America” (source: FIT NYC). Indeed the attitudes and mindset of the American male have evolved. “Today three out of four men agree that men and women don’t need to conform to traditional roles and behaviors anymore” (source: FIT NYC). Nowadays women work as much as men, the household is become neutral and it’s become common to share responsibilities. “Men take more grocery shopping tasks” This change of the gender stereotype is not the only factor that made this change of men consumption. Indeed Men today are more dynamic and...
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...First of all, females in rom-coms come from similar backgrounds. When society thinks of rom-coms, they regularly come to a similar thought. For example, society consistently thinks about females in rom-coms working as a journalist. A recent article published by Mindy Kaling, explains how movies stereotype females. Mindy Kaling says, “If you think about the backstory of a typical mother character in a romantic comedy, you realize this: when “Mom” was an adolescent, the very week she started to menstruate she was impregnated with a baby who would grow up to be the movie’s likable brown-haired leading man” (Kaling). Mindy has a compelling argument about the way female characters are displayed in rom-coms. The movie industry creates females...
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...Stereotype: Body of a person. According to (Northampton, Mecartney 2016), females body or males body could run a problem in a free society. Body stereotyping to people must be permitted before they will use for advertising. Not only in advertising but also in books, films, televisions and many more. According to SedaMayy, the media is and has been greatly effecting our youth, teaching them that it is better to be narcissistic and sycophantic then to simply be themselves and like what they want to. As a youth, we are constantly bombarded with body images and stereotypes that we “should” be or follow. Although the sexes differ on some parameters of body image, the present experiment was conducted to determine the manner and extent to which the...
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...suitable for the boy, while blue, which is more delicate and dainty, is prettier for the girl." DressMaker magazine agreed. "The preferred colour to dress young boys in is pink. Blue is reserved for girls as it is considered paler, and the more dainty of the two colours, and pink is thought to be stronger (akin to red)." Rkgnifnviovn hree years ago, while she was on maternity leave, Ros Ball and her partner, James, began a diary of their children's lives. Their daughter Josie was three and their son Clem three months old. They wanted to record the moments when their children were made aware of gender stereotypes; when they were directed towards a view of the world in which girls and boys inhabit separate, rigid spheres of pink and blue – the first sphere passive, pretty and gentle, the second aggressive, active and strong. The results were tweeted under the title Baby Gender Diary, and Ball, a broadcast journalist who lives in London, couldn't believe how much there was to write about. On the first day, they went to a pantomime with a toy stall, where Josie's older male cousins directed her straight towards the sort of item supposedly beloved of small girls: a fluffy pink tiara. One of these boys then chose a flashing torch, in pink, for himself, to which the stallholder responded: "Shall I get you that in blue?" The boy, aged about...
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...Behavior Race, ethnicity, and gender affect society because they become essential in the monitoring of areas like learning opportunities and health care services. Currently we are learning to extend more privileges and rights to people regardless of sexual orientation, disability, or even age. Race, ethnicity, and gender also tend to affect society because of the affect stereotypes have on people and society from a lack of knowledge. In our society everything is grouped into a specific category. Grouping is taught to us at a very young age, our parents emphasize that objects are characterized in a similar fashion. We have a predetermined mindset that everything should be grouped together. However, stereotypes are not useful in many ways; for example, they can range from harming a person’s self worth to feeding hate crimes. It generates hatred among people and society. Stereotypes are very general and do not account for the enormous bulk of people in the particular group. Races are classified on job and college applications. Occasionally just four categories like, “White”, “Hispanic”, “Asian”, and “Other” are given, whereas many additional races fall between those categories. White can mean German, Hispanic can mean Puerto Rican or Mexican. Then there is “Other”, which can refer to many nationalities not accounted for in the other selections. The only way to change stereotyping is to allow diversity into everyday life. I believe race, ethnicity, and gender can affect one’s behavior...
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...THE SOCIAL ROLES OF MEN AND WOMEN In all societies the obvious biological difference between men and women is used as a justification for forcing them into different social roles which limit and shape their attitudes and behavior. That is to say, no society is content with the natural difference of sex, but each insists on adding to it a cultural difference of gender. The simple physical facts therefore always become associated with complex psychological qualities. It is not enough for a man to be male; he also has to appear masculine. A woman, in addition to being female, must also be feminine. However, once the contrast between men and women has been increased and accentuated in this fashion, it is usually taken as a further manifestation of biological differences which confirm the need for different social roles. Or, to put it another way, sex differences are used to create gender differences which are then explained as sex differences which, in turn, require gender differences, and so on. This may be no more than circular reasoning, but it is socially very effective. For example, in our own patriarchal society males enjoy a socially dominant position. Thus, from an early age, boys are helped to acquire a masculinity that allows them to assume and maintain that position. By the same token, girls are taught to cultivate a submissive femininity. The resulting difference in the male and female character is then described as inborn and used to defend the existing power...
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...Catherine Jauch Vanno DE Language & Composition 2 November 2012 Pink vs. Blue: the Not-So Subtle Gender Stereotypes of Our Youth From the moment children are born, they are wrapped into pink or blue blankets. Pink is deemed feminine, frilly, and solely for girls. The color blue is far more masculine, so it is assigned to the male gender. Regardless of whether that baby grows up to be, a high school jock, a mall-fiend, a conservative, homosexual, or transgender, he was brought into the world in a blue blanket and she, a pink blanket. These gender roles are enforced from children’s first breaths, and it only signifies what is to come. Yet, why is this? Why is there such a heavy emphasis on stereotypes of our youth? Does the media spark these ideas or are they based upon long-standing evolutionary concepts? Can gender roles ever be subverted? Growing up, I dabbled in both male and female stereotypes, much to the confusion of my peers. I could beat any boy at kickball, and I played it regularly during recess. My favorite color was pink, and I was obsessed with sparkles and Barbies. I’d climb trees in dresses. My classmates thought my behavior was odd because I didn’t fit into their schema of boy or girl. Was I a boy or a girl? Both? Neither? Boys never picked me for their teams simply because I was a girl. How could I be a stronger player than the boys, who they regularly saw play and fight, when I represented something so delicate, meant to nurture baby dolls and quietly...
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...I Love Lucy Loves Stereotypes I Love Lucy is an American television series from the 1950s following the Lucy and Ricky Ricardo family. Ricky’s in show business and Lucy’s the housewife that tends to drive him crazy with all the trouble she gets into. Episode 23 in season 2, “Lucy Hires a Maid”, Ricky notices how overwhelmed and tired Lucy is with all the house chores and caring for their new-born son. He sends in a note to the employment agency for a maid but leaves the responsibility of interviewing and hiring her to Lucy. Lucy caves in to the first woman who arrives and this maid, Mrs. Porter, is the opposite of what they need; she eats all their food and is no help with the baby. Both Lucy and Ricky are terrified of her but in the end Ricky calls her up and fires her. Messages about gender in I Love Lucy illustrate that women should work inside of the house and men should work outside of the house because women are caretakers and men are money makers through Lucy’s status as a mother, Ricky’s status as breadwinner, and Lucy’s inability to act in a business fashion. Gender roles are very obvious in I Love Lucy, as Lucy acts like the “ideal” American housewife; she does not have a professional job and puts on a dumbfounded face whenever Ricky talks about business, politics, economics, or anything that does not relate to housework. Lucy takes complete care of Ricky Jr, their son. In episode 23, during season 2, Lucy tries to get Ricky to be the one to take care of the crying...
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...1. Introduction It is highly believed that fashion magazines contain various portrayals of women not only because fashion magazines target women as their biggest readers, but also become the facilitator to teach women how they view themselves in feminine elegant ways just like most women want them to be. Nonetheless, those views are more likely shaped by how the society views a woman. As such, if fashion magazines are indeed in the means of shaping women's view as well as society's view of a woman, then the representation of women in the magazines becomes very important in order to explore how women are portrayed according to those two views. Reading a fashion magazine on the surface simply contains fashion-related articles in thick glossy pages. On deeper surface, on the other hand, those articles actively are where women as well as society see how a woman should be. It is also implied that they become the source of stereotypes of women which many of them are always about marginalising women. Amongst many high fashion magazines, Elle is strongly believed to be one of the most leading high fashion magazines in regards to the fact that this French origin magazine widely spreads its international editions published in over 60 countries which one of those includes Indonesia. Like other Elle editions worldwide and other mainstream high fashion magazines, many ultra expensive bags, clothes, perfumes, and the sorts appear in Elle Indonesia in two forms: articles and advertisements...
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...Media and Gender Reflection #1 I do think that the media has impacted our views about gender, gender roles, and gender expectations. Visual media has had the highest impact. Movies, television shows, and television commercials are the most viewed types of media. The influence is not really age specific. Commercials aimed at children seem be made to be seen as gender specific. Even when you are shopping for toys, they seem to be set up in separate aisles. If you are shopping for a boy, you skip the “pink” aisle. The suggested video shows how our perspective has changed over the last 3 generations. In the 1950’s and 1960’s women were portrayed as: 1. The housekeeper 2. Weak (physically) 3. Unable to problem solve 4. Never getting their hands dirty In the same time frame men were presented as 1. The boss 2. Strong 3. Fixer of problems( both mentally and physically) At this time, sexual innuendos were less obvious and at times taboo. Gradually, with the changes in regulations in the media and desensitization of the general public, women seem to have morphed into objects, objects of ridicule, objects of scorn, or simply, just objects of beauty. Women have been referred to by generations as “the weaker sex”. The unstated assumption, then is men are supposed to be the “the stronger sex.” People do realize these are stereotypes. I think that each generation realizes how much of an effect the portrayal of gender has skewed many people’s...
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... Appendix B Part I Define the following terms (please cite your source for each definition per APA formatting requirements): Term Definition Stereotypes Definition:(1) “is a belief that may be adopted about specific types of individuals or certain ways of doing things, but that belief may or may not accurately reflect reality. However, this is only a fundamental psychological definition of a stereotype. Within and across different psychology disciplines, there are different concepts and theories of stereotyping that provide their own expanded definition. Some of these definitions share commonalities, though each one may also harbor unique aspects that may complement or contradict the others.” Source: (1)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stereotype Prejudice Definition: (2)”is most often used to refer to preconceived judgments toward people or a person because of gender, social class, age, disability, religion, sexuality, race/ethnicity, nationality or other personal characteristics. It can also refer to unfounded beliefs and may include "any unreasonable attitude that is unusually resistant to rational influence." Gordon All port defined prejudice as a "feeling, favorable or unfavorable, toward a person or thing, prior to, or not based on, actual experience." Source: (2) http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stereotype Labeling theory Definition: (3) “Labeling theory holds that deviance is not inherent to an act, but instead focuses on the tendency of majorities to...
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...C H A P T E R 7 Gender and Advertising How Gender Shapes Meaning The emotional, sexual, and psychological stereotyping of females begins when the doctor says, “It’s a girl.” —Shirley Chisholm Men are dogs and women are cats. Women are from Venus and men are from Mars. Writers, filmmakers, psychologists, and advertisers all have used the idea that men and women are different to develop stories, create conflict, and provide persuasive imagery. Not only do advertisers view men and women differently, but men and women also bring different perspectives to advertising. Thus, we can assume that men and women create dif-ferent meanings from the advertisements they see. Gender roles in our society have changed dramatically since the 1950s, and portrayals of men and women in advertising have been researched since nearly the same time. Researchers have consistently sought to evaluate these roles to examine whether advertising has kept up with societal changes. In this chapter, we examine the different ways men and women view advertising and mes-sages, as well as some of the ways that advertising portrays gender roles today. The last several decades have seen changes in the role of women in society, both as those who earn money and those who spend money. In 1940, women comprised about 20% of the workforce in the United States, while today that percentage reaches 50% (U.S. Department of Labor, 2000). In addition, the family structure in the United States has changed: smaller...
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...everything else does not equate beauty. However, this is not unique to People or even magazines like it, but instead represents a larger trend that is present in all forms of Western popular culture. In the various mediums of popular culture, ideologies about female beauty are exceedingly prevalent and constantly managed and reproduced. These ideologies carry with them the notion that in order to obtain ideal female beauty one must be very thin, young, have long hair, and wear expensive or revealing clothing (Stern, 2004). In addition to this there is also a raced definition of beauty, which predominates Western popular culture and dictates that White women with light hair and eye color can only attain true beauty. By looking closely at fashion magazines, television shows, movies and advertisements it is easy to see how Asian, Black and Latina women are underrepresented and misrepresented; and more importantly beauty is not typically associated with these and other nonwhite races. The power and importance of popular culture in today’s society has further supported beauty ideologies that are racialized. Feminist and cultural scholars have often...
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...with simple tasks? Myself personally, and my brother and sister, had chores to complete every day when we got home from school. As much as I hated doing chores when I was younger, it did teach me a couple lessons like self-responsibility, and to work as a team to get things done together, rather than just the mom does the cleaning like the media portrays. By showing that only the mother used the advertised products from the example above, it sets the message to be that a woman’s time is less vulnerable the male or children’s time. Or what about single dad’s that don’t have a women to rely on, why are they not praised or advertised for cleaning and taking care of the children? Gender roles have changed, so why that advertising is does not replace the traditional roles with those with ones which are more gender neutral. It is disappointing, that men sometimes don’t get the credit they deserve as well, advertising has failed to reflect the changing roles of men, whether about helping around the household or being a single father. But when men are the main focus of a cleaning, other men often make fun of their masculinity, because helping around the house is not considered to be a part of the strong masculine image. The main message in this example is that men and women are always targeted to portray the ideal image of a man and woman, which really there shouldn’t be an ideal image, everyone should work together and have equal opportunities for...
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