...Sports broadcast journalism is a profession desired by many. It appears to be more competitive than ever before, especially as a profession for women. It looks like a glamorous career for women because they are traveling from one sporting event to another, meeting athletes, and reporting on the sideline during games. So, as we see an increase in women striving to become sports broadcast journalist, as well as the number of women seen and heard reporting sports, it is a challenge today as it was over a decade ago. The issue is whether or not women in sports media are afforded the same opportunities that include prominent positions, reporting male games as well as female games, benefits and salary based on their qualifications and credibility...
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...certain video games. Games such as Resident Evil and Diehard, the player walks around holding a gun and shooting at their enemies. Although the increase in aggressive behavior is linked to the amount of time children play video games, eliminating the negative impact that they have on your child, and therefore we should eliminate violent video games from a child’s life. Games are a very quick and amusing way to be entertained. Not so long ago, games were more or less a gathering of several people agree to play a competition style activity such as Soccer, Rugby, Cricket, Tennis and Baseball. The other form of game was became narrower to simple board and table games such as Backgammon, Card Games, and Monopoly. The gaming industry is a multi-billion dollar a year industry and is increasing by 50% every year, a thoughtful of the amount of time children spend in front of televisions/computer screens. As video games become more realistic graphically and physically the...
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...study is Discrimination. Discrimination is the differing characteristics of one not being able to be fair to a group of people or an individual. It is an appalling social issue, which leads to prejudice and poor treatment to a group. Discrimination can cut across gender, social classes, and even races (Aganbegian 2012). However, my research is based on sex discrimination in workplaces and sports. On the other hand, Gender discrimination is the biased treatment of a group or an individual based on their sex and the values in them as fixed by the different cultures in the society. It is worth pointing out that every society has values and norms affixed to each gender in the society. It is all based on the gender stereotype, especially on the female sex. When we refer to sex discrimination against women, we mean that the male gender is deemed more powerful and f greater value than the female gender. At least, a big percentage of society has their standard of evaluating both gender and female sexuality is always disregarded (Todozidevic and Zsolt 2003). The female gender is said to be weak, emotional, and psychologically sensitive. The biases aspect of discrimination makes it a social problem. The factors that make gender discrimination are the fact that women are a group that is vulnerable to most of the social set up. Socially, a woman is taken to be both physically and psychologically weak. In fact, women can never physically assault men because they are weaker in strength. Politically...
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...Championship game, where the two deserving teams are matched up against each other. This series of competition creates a rich supply of content for sports media networks to influence viewer’s values and attitudes. Networks have become increasingly knowledgeable and schematic in using sport entertainment as a way to promote their ideologies, values, commercialization and interpretations of sport. Studies have found that people turn to sports in the media for entertainment. The different forms of media are evolving and moving in a more prevalent direction than they have been in the past. With the explosive growth of internet users in the past decade, media companies have created a domain where they can input their interpretations of sporting events and coverage. These domains have become dominated by the 18-34-year-old demographic (Kian, Mondello & Vincent 2009) who use websites such as ESPN, the most widely used website for obtaining sports related news (Lefton, 2006 as cited in Battenfield, Redmond & Ridinger 2014), and Sports Illustrated to read about upcoming games, watch live coverage, or get the low down on games that have already happened. These online sport websites are visited more frequently by males (62%) than females (38%) (Loechner, 2005 as cited in Battenfield et al. 2014) but that gap is slowly dwindling. Opportunities for women to participate in sports has increased dramatically since the enactment of Title IX in 1972, with the number of female participants...
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...Gender Equity in Sports Colleen Iardella American Military University Gender equity in sports describes an environment in which fair and equitable distribution of overall athletic opportunities, benefits, and resources is available to women and men and in which student athletes, coaches, and athletics administrators are not subject to gender-based discrimination. Title IX, passed in 1972 at the pinnacle of the women’s rights movement, banned sex discrimination in any federally financed education program. It threw into quick relief the imbalanced treatment of male and female athletes on college campuses. Ever since Congress passed the federal gender-equity law, universities have opened their gyms and athletic fields to millions of women who previously did not have chances to play. But as women have surged into a greater part on campus in recent years, many institutions have resorted to deception to make it look as if they are offering more sports to women. Throughout this paper I will discuss the issues of gender equity in sports. I will mention what equal opportunities women have to play sports and how they can develop the psychological, physiological and sociological impact from sports participation. Females are playing team sports more now than they were a decade ago and far more women will play team sports in the next decade. In the Sporting Goods Manufacturers Association's (SGMA) study, the authors analyzed many team sports and the role that females...
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...ECE 2980 – Inventing an Information Society Second Essay Assignment Analyze how regionalism and nationalism are related to different modes of listening to the radio in the United States from 1920 to 1980. For long it has been discussed how the radio changed the American people – but this analysis is far too diverse and particular to each individual, since the United States have a wide arrange of ethnicity, religions, races, generations and other remarkable differences between different people. This essay will therefore focus on how the different modes of listening to the radio brought together different nation feelings to society in different timings and places. A Cornell scholar, Benedict Anderson, while reflecting about the emerge of nationalism in one country said one day that it had to be imagined, since all the nation elements and individuals may never meet one another and “yet in the mind of each lives the image of their communion”. The first notable change in general knowledge and feeling about a nation was conceived on the newspaper, that would allow several people to read the same stories about the nation and its people at the same time. The newspaper was the first proof of a country to a regular citizen that through it, would get to know people from distant lands with whom he would share his first sense of non-local community. The importance of the radio wasn’t shadowed by the newspaper’s prior timing. Radio added one more sense to the world...
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...Women Abstract This paper looks into the various forms of discrimination against women, which prevail in approximately all parts of the globe. Women usually bear the heaviest weight of exploitation and marginalization by society as a whole. In addition, women also often suffer from exploitation and oppression by men. Women are faced with discriminatory behavior in all stages of their adult life. Throughout history, women normally have had less career opportunities and legal rights and than men. In this paper, we look at how women are discriminated against based on their gender in public life, employment, politics, religion, education, marital status and family, social services, and before the law. Introduction Research data have revealed that discriminatory practices against women prevail in approximately all parts of the globe. Discrimination against women based on their gender occurs in public life, employment, politics, religion, education, marital status and family, social services, and before the law. Women make up half of the population of the world and carry out two-thirds of the globe’s labor hours. Women obtain a tenth of the income of the world and possess less than a hundredth of the world’s property. Women usually bear the heaviest weight of exploitation and marginalization by society as a whole. In addition, women also often suffer from exploitation and oppression by men. For example, women perform 50 to 70% of all agricultural work in Africa...
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...Christmas, Easter, and other religious observances be considered national holidays? If a university offers "African-American Studies" or "Black Studies" as courses, should it also offer "European-American Studies" or "White Studies"? How do certain television programs perpetuate racial or ethnic stereotypes? Should Columbus Day be discontinued in favor of a new post-colonial perspective? Should schools only purchase textbooks that offer revised or alternative histories of historical events? What should be done about racial disparities in the sentencing of criminals? Should the American government pay reparations and return land to Native Americans? Should hate groups have the right to distribute literature on university campuses? If research shows that certain racial or ethnic groups receive poorer medical care on average, how should this problem be corrected? Should governmental organizations have staffs that accurately reflect the racial, ethnic, and gender balance in society? Gender and Sexuality What should be done to eliminate salary disparities between men and women? What should be done to create equity in executive positions for women in particular corporations and industries? Should women be allowed in military combat? To what extent? Is healthcare for women underfunded? In what ways? Should insurance companies which cover the cost of Viagra prescriptions also be required to cover birth...
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...2011. The article details how Virgin Blue allegedly discriminated against two female employees by forcing them to take redundancies after confirming they were pregnant or returning from maternity leave (Marx 2011, p. 1). Subsequently, both employees have initiated legal action against Virgin Blue who ‘has denied any wrongdoing and vowed to fight the claims’ (Marx 2011, p. 2). The article raises three ethical issues. Firstly, it addresses the expectation that businesses should not discriminate against employees on the basis of gender (Ferrell, Fraedrich & Ferrell 2009, p. 70). Secondly, it highlights that abusive or intimidating behaviour is not acceptable in the workplace (Ferrell, Fraedrich & Ferrell 2009, p. 64). Thirdly, it identifies the role that an effective ethics program can play in avoiding ethical and legal problems (Ferrell, Fraedrich & Ferrell 2009, p. 212). Businesses should not discriminate against employees on the basis of gender. Discrimination refers to ‘the making of a difference in particular cases, as in favour of or against a person or thing, especially when arising from prejudice based on race, ethnicity, sex, religion, age etc’ (Discrimination 2011). Virgin Blue allegedly discriminated against Leonie Vandeven by forcing her to take a redundancy package after she confirmed that she was pregnant (Marx 2011, p. 2). Vandeven was made redundant despite receiving a performance review, which rated her as ‘highly effective’ (Marx 2011, p. 2). Similarly, Kirsty...
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...Appendices 21 1 Abstract The aim of the research was to try and find out the reasons why teenagers who don’t regularly participate in sport wear sports clothing. Sport is always changing. Nowadays participation rates aren’t hitting the governments recommended targets but sales of sportswear are increasing all the time, due to the illogical nature of this relationship, this research project attempts to find out why this is the case. Wearing sports clothes gives someone the image of being sporty, so why wouldn’t someone participate if they portray this image? This could be explained by introducing the idea of barriers to participation. This poses the question, what are the barriers? And if people do face barriers why still portray a sporting image? The literature inferred the reasons why people wear certain clothes and concluded it could be a fashion statement or due to influences such as role models. Data was collected by 25 teenagers via a convenience sample,...
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...3 Sources of Moral Obligation by Josephson Institute on February 14, 2011 A duty is an obligation to act in a certain way. When the obligation is based on moral and ethical considerations, it is a moral duty. Often we think about moral duties in terms of rules that restrain us, the “don’ts,” as in don’t lie, cheat, or steal. Such rules comprise the so-called negative dimension of moral duty because they tell us what not to do. Since ethics is concerned with the way we ought to be, however, it also includes an affirmative dimension consisting of things we should do — keep promises, judge others fairly, treat people with respect, kindness and compassion. Sources of Moral Obligation Moral obligations can arise from three sources. The first, strangely enough, is law. 1. Law-Based Moral Obligations. Good citizens have a moral as well as a legal obligation to abide by laws; it is part of the assumed social contract of a civilized society. If a law is unjust, however, (such as those that mandated ethnic and religious persecution during the Nazi regime and those that discriminated against a person on the basis of race in South Africa and elsewhere) there may be a moral obligation to disobey it under the specific and demanding doctrine of civil disobedience. Many, but by no means all, of these moral standards of conduct are so fundamental to healthy social relations that they have been codified into laws. For example, most aspects of the moral duty to not endanger or harm others...
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...Monique Scott 1.0 Executive Summary Nike is planning to introduce a new model of it’s Nike ID Plus, which will be called Nike ID Silver. The original product only calibrated with an ipod when syncing songs and only calculated how many miles ran, and how many calories burned. With the new Nike ID Silver, consumers will be able to sync with any MP3 player ( each sync piece sold separately), can be streamed wirelessly to a PC or MAC, will calculate how many calories burned, how many miles ran, your heart rate is monitored every 3 minutes of activity, weight can be calculated before and after activity, and blood pressure can be monitored( silicon strip sold separately) With the chip it will also recommend orthotics if needed, and all of this information can be streamed wireless to your computer/laptop of choice. From then on you can sign up for membership through Nike ID Silver Activity page to help with diet and fitness tips. 2.0 Situation Analysis Nike’s original version of the Nike ID, was well saturated in the market. It didn’t have any other competitors. With the launch of the Nike ID Silver, companies are beginning to grasp the same idea, by being innovative enough to saturate the athletic market and surpass Nike’s gross sales for the Nike ID Plus. Nike has been in the athletic world for nearly four decades now, and has gained a big portion of brand loyal consumers. 2.1 Market Summary |DEMOGRAPHICS| - Equal ratio between male and female - From ages 18-40 [Majority...
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...Impact of mega-sporting events 1 The impact of international mega-sporting events oh host cities Regina Glazman 20151794 ARW2 for law students KIMEP regina.glazman@kimep.kz Impact of mega-sporting events 2 Abstract While a mega-sport event is scheduled at least once every year somewhere in the world, these events are rare occurrences for the host cities and countries. The benefits of such events seem lucrative; the very fact that many countries bid to host these events suggests that the benefits – be they tangible or intangible – more often than not outweigh the costs. However, some experts claim that it is almost impossible to achieve goal and provide a successful result. Therefore, the research question is : Do cities benefit from international mega-sporting events or it is just "showing-off"? When a city or nation is awarded the privilege of hosting a mega event, they are almost always required to enhance or develop their infrastructure. The developments which are created from these events are known as legacies. However, these legacies have a great risk to become "white elephants" ( Barclay, 2009,p.3). Thereupon, my research project was directed to understand do facilities in Almaty which were built for 2011 Asian Winter Games are used today and provide help for national athletes and the city. Result showed they do, but not without problems. However, legacies can come in many forms such as economic, tourism or sporting. Consequently, summarizing everything...
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...SWOT………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….… 18-‐19 Primary Research Considerations………………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 19 Work Cited and Appendix……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 20-‐29 2 ID: 936605550 ID: 911484064 ID: 933327329 ID: 919538922 ID: 938345647 Company Analysis Company Mission and Philosophy Converse sneakers were originally created as a basketball shoe, and the Chuck Taylor All Star is now an iconic part of the fashion industry and...
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...Kotler (1973), one of the four P’s – the place can be more influential than the product itself. Later developed by Mehrabian & Russel (1974) that publish the Mehrabian-Russell Model that draw situational factor such as mood & expectation. Servicescape later popularized by Bitner (1992), the physical environment surrounding customers & employees is termed servicescape. Ever since, this has been the subject of many scholars and practitioners. As an influential factor for customers to make purchasing decision, it clearly a very important subject for any marketers as an effort to increase revenue and to stay competitive in the marketplace (Hightower et al. 2000). Marketers from any type of industry can really integrate servicescape into marketing plans. The industry can be sport such as softball (Robinson 1997) (King 2000); hospitality such as nightclubs, hotels, restaurants (Jones et al. 2003) (Clarke et al. 1998) (Skinner et al. 2005); and many more. This paper tries to describe the importance of the main elements (i.e. ambient condition, spatial layout / functionality, signs / symbols / artefacts) (Bitner 1992). A few additional elements later developed that found can be influential to consumer behaviour are music (Jacob 2006), aesthetic design of virtual servicescape on the companies’ websites (Rafaeli & Vilnal-Yavetz 2006); the sex of service provider (Fischer et al. 1997)....
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