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Geology

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Submitted By vickyv85
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Victor Manevich
02/25/10
Geology 100

* What are Glomar Challenger and JOIDES Resolution? What do they do?
The Glomar Challenger was the first research ship explicitly engineered to drill and collect core samples from the deep ocean floor. The JOIDES Resolution ship was engineered for the same purpose as the Glomar Challenger. The JOIDES Resolution was completed in the 1990s and has more advanced and precise technology than the Glomar Challenger, which was completed in the 1960s. The JOIDES Resolution ship is able to drill far deeper into the ocean floor than the Glomar Challenger. * Using the maps and diagrams on the Web site, where are the major concentrations of the world's earthquakes? Where are most earthquakes in Europe?
The major concentrations of the world’s earthquakes occur in countries, which are near the Ring of Fire in the Pacific Ocean. The most earthquakes in Europe occur in the collision zone of Eurasian and African plates. The Mediterranean regions where countries like Turkey, Greece, and Italy are located are where the majority of earthquakes in Europe occur. * What undersea hot springs were discovered in 1977? What is remarkable about these (and other) undersea hot springs?
On the Galapagos Rift off the coast of Ecuador scientist discovered hot springs at a depth of 2.5 kilometers. It is remarkable that these hot springs can be as hot as 380 degrees Celsius and are home to some of the earth’s most diverse ecosystems in the world. This ecosystem is sustained not by the suns energy but by chemosynthesis.

* Briefly define the four types of plate boundaries and give an example of each.
Divergent boundaries are boundaries where tectonic plates are moving apart from one another. The Mid-Atlantic Ridge is an example of a divergent boundary.
Convergent boundaries are the boundaries where tectonic plates are moving towards each

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