...Stature Identification Stature identification has traditionally been done using formulae based on long bone ratios compared to overall stature. However, new research by Wilson et al. evaluating the formulae has indicated that stature formulae have become outdated. They covered different formulae using long bones in order to determine which are more accurate and in which populations (Wilson 2010). They point out the fact that some formulas work well in one population but not another. As a result, the identification of stature using only a certain bone to ascertain the complete stature is inaccurate and needs to be improved for different subpopulations (Wilson 2010). Particularly, different ethnic groups have very different formulas in regards to stature that could misidentify a set of remains. Wilson et al. have used the data form the National Institute of Justice Database for Forensic Anthropology in order to come up with a new formula in order to have a wider range of correct identifications (Wilson 2010). This new forensic stature (FSTAT) based equation shows a higher level of accuracy in some subpopulations while the standard Ousley equations still work better in others (Wilson 2010). Formulas that have been based on the stature of cadavers, referred to as Any Stature or ASTAT, showed results that were just as accurate as FSTAT based equations (Wilson 2010). New studies have been debating this perspective and looking to determine formulae that work in multiple populations...
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...Intercontinental University Unit 4 Individual Project May 26, 2013 Gigantism is abnormally large growth during childhood caused by excess growth hormone secreted by the anterior pituitary gland. Growth hormones regulate various body functions in adults by operating through feedback loops. Growth hormone in adults regulates lipids (fats), protein, and carbohydrate homeostasis. Molecules are released during this process that regulates the endocrine. The feedback loops help keep the hormone concentration normal. (Human Growth Foundation, 2013) Think of the function of the endocrine system as a thermostat regulating room temperature. In adulthood, the excess secretion of the growth hormone (GH) is known as acromegaly. This occurs when bones increase in size. Normal the bones are in the feet, hands, and face. It is caused by the overproduction of the growth hormone by the pituitary gland. A tumor most often is the cause of the overproduction of GH. There are two different tumors. One is a pituitary tumor and the other is a nonpituitary tumor. A pituitary tumor hides the excessive amounts of growth hormones, which produce signs of acromegaly. Nonpituitary tumors are found in other parts of the body. The tumors can produce growth-hormone-releasing hormone (GH-RH0), which forces more GH to be made by the pituitary. (Mayo Clinic, 2013) The relationship between growth hormone and insulin in gigantism is associated with an abnormal high linear growth due to excessive...
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...weight loss[->0]. Growth hormones are produced by the pituitary gland. Excess secretion is stimulated by anorexia nervosa, stress, hypoglycemia, and exercise. 2) The relationship between Growth Hormones and insulin is that GH stimulates the growth of the long bones through the action of somatomedins, which are insulin growth like growth factor made in the liver. There are no complications involving GH and insulin so far. General Facts l About 3 people in 1 million have pituitary gigantism l 100 cases to date in United States l 2 – 3 times higher mortality rate in comparison to general population l No racial predilection l Males and females affected equally l Not a genetic disorder 3) From the research I did it’s dwarfism that’s more difficult to treat than, for reason being in dwarfism exact diagnosis, was more difficult because of the heterogeneity. Gigantism is abnormally large growth during childhood caused by excess growth hormone secreted by the anterior pituitary gland. Gigantism caused by excess circulating levels of GH Commonly caused by pituitary tumors that secrete a mutant protein that eliminates need for GHRH Tumors block gonadotropin release – responsible for sexual development – may cause...
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...tumors or non-pituitary tumors. In most cases of acromegaly a beginning of noncancerous tumor of the pituitary gland is the main cause. The tumors can press on near by tissues as they grow and the pressure can cause some acromegaly symptoms such as headaches, impaired vision in addition to producing an excess amount of the growth hormone. In some cases acromegaly is caused by benign of cancerous tumors in other parts of the body, lungs, pancreas or adrenal glands. The tumors may actually secrete growth hormone. In other cases the tumors produce a growth hormone releasing hormone that stimulates the pituitary gland to make more growth hormone. Acromegaly is relatively a rare disorder that occurs in about 6 out of every 100,000 people. Gigantism is even more rare and the onset occurs usually at puberty. Acromegaly can be treated with surgery, medications and radiation. The care plan depends on age, size and location of tumor and other medical conditions you may have. The goal of therapy is to return your growth hormone. THF-I levels as close to normal as possible to avoid serious complications. Treatment can’t reverse excess bone growth, but it can prevent more growth from accruing swelling, enlargement of soft tissues my gradually subside. Surgery is the preferred treatment in most cases but drug treatment is beginning to be...
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...is traditionally exact stays unidentified. Attempting to view these mummies yourself, you'll simply acquire the run-around. One gallery will certainly inform you the various other has it, and also the other way around, advertisement infinitum. The initial miners as well as excavators assert that a number of mummies (partial and also entire) were uncovered, however these days, all you could view for certain are one jawbone as well as one twisted head. The Humboldt County Museum in Winnemucca has among the heads. Whether the Lovelock Cave mummies ever before actually alreadied existing or were purposely covered, we could never ever recognize. The alreadying existing artefacts do appear to corroborate the Paiute tale, as well as proof of gigantism has actually been uncovered, and also recorded, in various other areas throughout the world. The Lovelock Cave say appears to have all the essential items-- besides the huge mummies themselves. Were they concealed away in some storehouse, so humankind would not view the mistakes of contemporary past? Or, were they the fictional collection of an old tale as well as a couple of strange bone tissues? The detectives at the time did a great work of examining exactly what they might of the website. At that time know-how of the Native United States archaeology as well as past history was not just what it is today as well as they had so lots of fascinating concerns contending for their focus. We simply desire the website as well as tales might...
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...Abraham Lincoln was born Sunday, February 12, 1809, in a log cabin near Hodgenville, Kentucky. He was the son of Thomas and Nancy Hanks Lincoln, and he was named for his paternal grandfather. Thomas Lincoln was a carpenter and a farmer. Both of Abraham's parents were members of a Baptist congregation which had separated from another church due to opposition of slavery. Lincoln was a pretty average his whole life, despite his gigantism. When he was older his opposition in slavery led him to run for president. In the 1860 Republican Presidential nomination Lincoln won, beating Hannibal Hamlin. On November 6, 1860, Lincoln was elected the 16th president, defeating Douglas, John Bell, and John C. Breckinridge. In February of 1861 the Lincoln's left by train for Washington D.C. Lincoln was now wearing a beard at the suggestion of an 11 year old girl. After Lincoln's election many Southern states, fearing Republican control in government, seceded from the Union. Lincoln faced great internal crisis of any US president. After the fall of Ft. Sumter, Lincoln raised an army and decided to fight to save the Union from falling apart. Despite enormous pressures, loss of life, battlefield setbacks, generals who weren't ready to fight, assassination threats, and other things, Lincoln stuck with this pro-Union policy for 4 long years of Civil War. On January 1, 1863, the Emancipation Proclamation was signed by Lincoln. This meant that all slaves in the confederate states could...
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...industrial capacity to produce these "small arms." During the Cold War, the United States and the Soviet Union provided conventional weapons for their respective client states fighting "proxy" wars. “The high-geared military-industrial economies of the two leviathans have stimulated France, China, Germany, the UK, Italy, Ukraine, and Israel to compete in the lucrative worldwide business of weapons export. In 2012 these nine weapons-selling countries exported $14.8 billion in conventional weapons to the rest of the world. Forty percent of this staggering volume of weapons flows from Russia; 27% is shipped from the USA” (1) “The USA, UK, and France earned more in small arms sales to developing countries in 1998-2001 than they gave in aid.”(2) The gigantism of this industry renders it a force in national economic policies. It is in the national interest of these nations, to some degree, to promote violent conflict and war around the world. As is apparent in the case of Sudan, the economic leverage of the weapons industry, including the small arms industry. Small arms trade plays a prominent role in the economies of nations at war, and particularly in intrastate conflicts. The availability of small arms makes war possible, and their continuing availability fuels the protraction of war. Classic game-theory analyses of arms race determinants assume arms development and production to come at the expense of a nation's economic well-being. While that may actually be true in terms of benefit to an...
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...The theory of evolution is the change in the gene pool of a population from generation to generation by mutation, natural selection, and genetic drift. The main idea is that all life on Earth shares a common ancestor. A peacock chooses a mate using sexual selection, the female choses a male for the quantity, size, and distribution of his colorful eyespots, because the offspring of these males are bigger at birth and better at surviving in the wild. These birds are peafowls, the males are peacocks, and the females are peahens. The male peacock, shows off his bright colored train to attract a female, the more impressive his tail is the better his chances are of finding a mate. Their tail feathers (coverts) are as long as the bird’s body length and with markings that look like eyes of red, gold, blue, and other hues. Their tail is used in courtship displays where they spread their tail and show it off to the females, and mating when arched out into a magnificent fan it reaches across the bird's back down to the ground on both sides. Peahens choose mates by their physical prowess and the vivid color of his tail, which lets the female know that he has high-quality genes, making him perfect for reproduction and the survival of the offspring, so when it's time to mate, these are the first ones selected. Since all males do not have bright, large tails, especially a few thousand years ago, they were less likely to mate and reproduce, so their numbers were reduced from one generation...
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... *It develops from the neural ectoderm andconsists – pars nervosa, the infundibular stem, and the median eminence. *The infundibular stem remains surrounded by the pars tuberalis. *Neurohypophysis does not secrete any hormone. It directly receives neurosecretion from the hypothalamus through axons. *Adenohypophysis secretes following hormones:- I. Somatotropic hormone (STH) or growth hormone:-*It is responsible for the growth of the body and is also important in organic metabolism. *Its hypo secretion in children causes dwarfism while hyper secretion causes gigantism. *Hypo secretion of STH in adults results in Simmond’s disease in which man becomes quite thin showing signs of premature ageing as well as gonads become non functional. *Hyper secretion of STH hormone in adults results in acromegaly. Acromegaly is characterized by gorilla like appearance (as jaw and cheek bones become more prominent due to thickening of facial bones and skin) with huge hands and feet. II. Thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH):- TSH regulates function of thyroid gland. III. Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH):-ACTH controls production and secretion of certain adrenal cortex hormones. IV. Follicle stimulating hormone (FSH):- *It controls growth of ovarian follicles...
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...pituitary - [pi'tjuitəri] - хипофиза parathyroid - [para'θairɔid] - околощитовидна жлеза testosterone - [tes'tɔsterɔun] – тестостерон anterior - [æn'tiəriə] - преден posterior - [pɔs'tiəriə] – заден somatotropin - ['sɔmætətrɔpin] - соматотропин /растежен хормон/ gonadotropin - ['gɔnædɔtrɔpin] - гонадотропин thyreotropin - ['θireɔtrɔpin] - тиреотропин corticotropic - ['kɔ:tikɔtrɔpin] - кортикотропин prolactin - ['prɔləktin] - пролактин melanotropin - ['melənɔtrɔpin] - меланотропин oxytocin - [ɔk'sitɔsin] - окситоцин anti-diuretic - [,daiju:'retik] - анти-диуретичен hyperfunction -[haipə'fʌnkʃn] - хиперфункция /увеличена функция/ hypofunction - [haipɔ'fʌnkʃn] - хипофункция diencephalon - ['daiənsefəlɔn] - междинен мозък gigantism - [dʒai'gæntizm] – гигантизъм thyroxin - ['θairɔksin] - тироксин myxedema - ['miksədi:mə] - микседем protrusion - [рrə'tru:ʒən] – изпъкване tetany - ['tetəni] - тетания solidity - [sɔ'liditi] – твърдост adrenaline - [əd'renəlin] – адреналин noradrenaline - ['nɔ:ədrenəlin] - норадреналин insulin - ['insjulin] – инсулин glucagon - ['gljukəgən] - глюкагон pituitary dwarfism - [pi'tjuitəri] - хипофизно джудже progesterone - ['prɔdʒestərən] - прогестерон oestrogen - ['estrədʒən] - естроген endocrinologist - ['endɔkrinɔlədʒist] - ендокринолог goiter - ['gɔitə] - гуша hypertrophy - [hai'pə:troufi] - хипертрофия sympathetic - [simpə'θetik] - симпатиков parasympathetic - [parasimpə'θetik] - парасимпатиков hallucinogen - [hə'lu:sinədʒen]...
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...Q1. What has made LV business model successful in the Japanese luxury market? Ans. I would like to demonstrate the success of the Business Model of ‘LV’ via the concept of Four Ps (Product, Price, Place, and Promotion). Product – In general marketers seeks ‘adequate quality’, ‘faintness of use’ etc., and too much of quality can be undesirable because it increase the cost. However, ‘LV’ handbags represented ‘products of distinctive qualities’ and ‘attention to details’. In general the concept of ‘relative quality’ is challenged by the ‘absolute quality’ which has forced customers to LV or nothing attitude. To back their products ‘LV’ has taken action against counterfeiting item by ‘Enlightenment Champagne’, involvement of French trademark authorities etc., make there product defendable. Partnership with local artist and Limited edition products has demonstrated that Product Line up and innovation are very strong parts of ‘LV’ business model in Japan. Price – Market Demands “Low Price”, this is achieved by reducing costs and off-shoring production to China and elsewhere. Louis Vuitton handbags, on the other hand, are priced high. Such high prices are unnecessary for merely stowing and carrying things. In essence, the Louis Vuitton difference is value, not price—this being absolute value, not relative value. Many of the principles for Price were innovations that came about after Kyojiro Hata became president of Louis Vuitton Japan and that subsequently went global...
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...prevention of WorldCom down fall are as follows; planning from top to bottom, chains of command for personnel and staffing including job descriptions, management levels controls and independence to report any suspicious or illegal activities, as well as a form of authority delegation of duties and accountability. Planning gives a company nation or individual a set of goals set down one after the other to ascertain, allowing for sense of purpose. Without purpose or direction we can get lost not sure what we want to do or where we want to go. The plan at WorldCom was to grow at dramatic rates to increase profits, so drastic was its growth it became morbidly obese, a strong dominate force at first only to become weighted down by its own gigantism, and out maneuvered by smaller nimble companies. The only plan WorldCom seemed to have was “More, Better, Bigger” more customers and more facilities, better services and markets, bigger growth through acquisition of existing companies. WorldCom did not have...
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...Louis Vuitton in Japan Q1. What has made LV business model successful in the Japanese luxury market? Ans. I would like to demonstrate the success of the Business Model of ‘LV’ via the concept of Four Ps (Product, Price, Place, and Promotion). Product – In general marketers seeks ‘adequate quality’, ‘faintness of use’ etc., and too much of quality can be undesirable because it increase the cost. However, ‘LV’ handbags represented ‘products of distinctive qualities’ and ‘attention to details’. In general the concept of ‘relative quality’ is challenged by the ‘absolute quality’ which has forced customers to LV or nothing attitude. To back their products ‘LV’ has taken action against counterfeiting item by ‘Enlightenment Champagne’, involvement of French trademark authorities etc., make there product defendable. Partnership with local artist and Limited edition products has demonstrated that Product Line up and innovation are very strong parts of ‘LV’ business model in Japan. Price – Market Demands “Low Price”, this is achieved by reducing costs and off-shoring production to China and elsewhere. Louis Vuitton handbags, on the other hand, are priced high. Such high prices are unnecessary for merely stowing and carrying things. In essence, the Louis Vuitton difference is value, not price—this being absolute value, not relative value. Many of the principles for Price were innovations that came about after Kyojiro Hata became president of Louis Vuitton Japan and...
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...DNV planning IN A DECEPTIVELY simple essay entitled Earth Day and the War Against the Imagination, Pulitzer prize-winning poet and eco-essayist Gary Snyder says, "Real estate and business people like to argue that economic growth and development are inevitable." In what's become a landmark statement, he argues: "It is not selfish for any community or neighbourhood to try to find ways to check unwanted growth and expansion in its own backyard." And: "Those who try to shove growth down our throats are precisely the people who profit from it." An old English teacher like District of North Vancouver Mayor Richard Walton should appreciate this. As they say in the TV cop-shows, "Follow the money." Swelling density and slamming huge residential towers into other people's communities is a surefire strategy for the wealthy to grow very wealthy. The ownership of North America's professional sports teams includes a preponderance of real estate developers, and we know what it costs to buy one of these franchises and pay the all-star employees. Next time you spot one of those colossal holes being excavated for another highrise tower, remember the builder's maxim, "Where there's muck, there's money." Somewhere along the line while everyone was watching hockey reruns or Desperate Housewives, people in North Vancouver stopped caring about big residential growth the way they used to - the kind that's preparing to steamroll the district under its current developer-cosy, Talk Big, Do...
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...Dinosaurs of the Jurassic Period Jurassic Period- 206-144 mya • Took place roughly 210 million years ago. • Lasted around 70 million years • This was the second(middle) period of the three divisions of the Mesozoic era. • Age of the Dinosaurs, first bird life. Bower proclaimed that the "Triassic period began about 20 million years ago, and the Jurassic period began 210 million years ago"(1986). During the Mesozoic, or "Middle Life" Era, life diversified rapidly and giant reptiles, dinosaurs and other monstrous beasts roamed the Earth. The period, which spans from about 252 million years ago to about 66 million years ago, was also known as the age of reptiles (Ghose 2013). There is little supporting evidence that plant life is truly from the early Jurassic time frame, however, Brannan's research suggests "At the beginning of the Jurassic period the Earth saw the disappearance of seed-fern floras but the gymnosperms and true ferns were thriving"(Brannan 2012). Early Jurassic- The Liassic Epoch (176 to 200 mya) • Brought much warmer/wetter rainforest climate • Marine reptiles evolved such as, Ichthyosaurus, Temnodontosaurus, Euycleidus. • Terrestrial animals made an appearance such as the Stegosaurs, Tetanurae, Berberosaurus, Heterdonosaurids. In the Early Jurassic, the Colorado Plateau region again became arid and the eolian sandstones record zonal as well as monsoonal circulation (Parrish 1993). Following the dramatic decline, ichthyosaur diversity increased...
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