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Global Competitiveness Report - the Netherlands

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Global Competitiveness Report – Holanda

10 - Tamaño del mercado

En el índice de competitividad global, Holanda tiene el puesto 20 por su tamaño de mercado.

Holanda es un país pequeño, como del tamaño de Extremadura, a sólo 4 veces más grande que Asturias. Hay 16,7 millones de personas que viven en Holanda. Holanda es un país pequeño, pero su fuerza es el comercio. Desde que esta nación ha existido, el comercio ha sido el principal benefactor de la economía. Debido a sus muchos socios comerciales, el tamaño del mercado es mucho más grande que su propia población.

En el pasado, Holanda siempre ha estado centrada en el comercio. Esto comenzó con la fundación de la Compañía Holandesa de las Indias Orientales. En las últimas décadas, lo que fue seguido por la Comunidad Europea del Carbón y del Acero, que Holanda fue cofundador junto con Francia, Alemania Occidental, Italia y los otros países del Benelux. Poco después, la Comunidad Económica Europea, la Comunidad Europea y la Unión Europea siguieron. Todas estas comunidades tenían el propósito de incrementar el comercio entre los países miembros y éstos han mejorado en gran medida la situación social del país.

Los productos agrícolas que exporta Holanda son: granos, papas, remolacha, frutas, verduras y ganado. Y las principales industrias son: productos de la agroindustria, metal e ingeniería, maquinaria y equipos eléctricos, productos químicos, derivados del petróleo, la construcción, la microelectrónica y la pesca. Holanda importa varios productos, tales como: maquinaria y equipos de transporte, productos químicos, combustibles, alimentos y ropa.

Exportación de Holanda en 2011 fue de $ 550,2 mil millones. Esto hace que el número 8 mayor exportador del mundo. Sus socios de exportación más importantes son: Alemania 26,2%, 14,1% Bélgica, Francia 9,3%, Reino Unido 7,7%, Italia 4,8%.

La importación en 2011 fue de $ 492,1 mil millones. Esto hace que sea el importador número 11 en el mundo. Los principales países importadores son: Alemania 14,5%, China 11,8%, Bélgica 8,6%, Reino Unido 6,1%, Rusia el 6%, EE.UU. 5,9%, Francia el 4%.

Holanda tiene 12 empresas entre las 500 empresas de mayor recaudación en el mundo. Esto muestra que Holanda tiene un gran potencial para un país de su tamaño.

La posición de Holanda sólo se hará más fuerte como mercados nuevos problemas, se aumenta la demanda de sus productos y el aumento de la globalización.

11 – Sofisticación empresarial

En el índice de competitividad global, Holanda tiene la 4 ª posición por su sofisticación empresarial.

Para calcular el nivel de sofisticación de negocios de un país, varios factores se tienen en cuenta. Para comparar los diferentes países entre sí, se puede observar la calidad de los distribuidores locales, el control de la distribución internacional, la ventaja competitiva y la voluntad de delegar autoridad.

En todos estos 4 factores, Holanda ha marcado posiciones dentro del top 10. La ética de trabajo es alta, los materiales y equipos son de la mejor calidad y los empleados están altamente capacitados y calificados. Esto asegura que los distribuidores en Holanda pueden ofrecer productos de alta calidad.

Holanda comenzó como una nación comercial y se sabe que tiene varios siglos de experiencia con esto. Esta es la razón por la que Holanda tiene redes grandes y también una gran cantidad de control sobre estas redes.

Como se mencionó antes, Holanda fabrica y distribuye productos de alta gama. Esta es una ventaja competitiva que es difícil de alcanzar para otros países, ya que hay detrás y tiene que ponerse al día. Esto significa que al menos para la próxima década o así, Holanda mantendrá esta ventaja.

A pesar de que Holanda es un experto en el comercio, que no quiere plena autoridad sobre sus productos. Debido a su pequeño tamaño, que siempre tenía que trabajar juntos y cooperar con otros países si quería tener éxito. Así que Holanda está dispuesta a comprometerse y está dispuesto a compartir la autoridad en beneficio de ambas partes y así crear una situación de ganar-ganar.

Debido a Holanda ya tiene la 4 ª posición de sofisticación de negocios, Holanda no espera que aumente más. Sin embargo, queremos mantener esta posición.

12 - Innovación

En el índice de competitividad global, Holanda tiene la 9 ª posición por su innovación.

La innovación puede ser medida observando las patentes y la I + D. La comparación de la cantidad de solicitudes de patente y la cantidad de patentes otorgadas en el país con el número de solicitudes de patentes y patentes concedidas en otros países dan una buena perspectiva en el nivel de innovación de un país. Las patentes más que están solicitadas y concedidas, mayor será el nivel de innovación de un país. Al observar la cantidad de dinero que gastan en I + D, los países también pueden ser comparados. Los países con la mayor cantidad de dinero y el más alto porcentaje de su PIB dedicado a I + D, también se mostrará la capacidad de innovación de un país.

En el año 2010, se han registrado 25.927 solicitudes de patentes. Esto hace que el país Holanda 10 º en la lista de la mayor cantidad de solicitudes de patentes. Más importante aún, de esas 25.927 solicitudes de patentes, 8.416 se han concedido patentes. Haciendo número Holanda 10 de nuevo en la lista de países con mayor número de patentes concedidas. Esto demuestra que Holanda es muy innovadora, sobre todo para un país tan pequeño, con un reducido número de ciudadanos.

De acuerdo con la I + D, Holanda es el inversor número 17 en la innovación, con el 1,84% de su PIB gasta en I + D, por lo que es un total de $ 12,5 mil millones.

Estos hechos, junto con la disponibilidad de trabajadores altamente cualificados y la capacidad innovadora han dado Holanda una 9 ª posición para la innovación. Previsto para el futuro es que este ranking se quedará en el 9 º lugar o aumentará, como Holanda sigue creando un entorno empresarial donde la innovación sea importante y necesaria. Ambas compañías, y el gobierno están trabajando duro para mantener Holanda conocemos como un país innovador y ambos le ayudará a mantenerlo innovador.

Bibliography

https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/nl.html http://www.proinno-europe.eu/page/innovation-and-innovation-policy-netherlands http://reports.weforum.org/global-competitiveness-report-2012-2013/ http://www.rsm.nl/fileadmin/Images_NEW/News_Images/WEF_2012.pdf http://www.wipo.int/ipstats/en/statistics/patents/ http://www.hollandtrade.com/business-information/holland-information/research-and-development/ http://royalsociety.org/uploadedFiles/Royal_Society_Content/Influencing_Policy/Reports/2011-03-28-Knowledge-networks-nations.pdf
http://battelle.org/docs/default-document-library/2012_global_forecast.pdf?sfvrsn=2

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