...TABLICA vrijednosti trigonometrijskih funkcija kut α 0π 0o 0 π 6 30o 1 2 3 2 3 3 3 11π 6 −330o − π 4 45o 2 2 2 2 1 π 3 60o 3 2 1 2 3 3 3 5π 3 −300o − − π 2 90 o 1 2π 3 1200 3 2 − 1 2 3π 4 135O 2 2 − 2 2 −1 5π 6 150O 1 2 − 3 2 3 3 π 180 0 O 7π 6 210O − 1 2 3 2 3 3 3 5π 6 −150O − 5π 4 225O − 2 2 2 2 1 4π 3 240o − 3 2 1 2 3 3 3 2π 3 −1200 − 3π 2 270 o −1 5π 3 300o − 3 2 1 2 − 3 3 3 7π 4 315o − 2 2 2 2 −1 11π 6 330o − 1 2 2π 360o 0 sin α cos α 1 0 −1 − − − 0 3 2 − 3 3 1 tg α 0 ±∞ − 3 3 3 − − 0 ±∞ 0 ctg α ±∞ −2π −360o 1 7π 4 −315o − 0 3π 2 −270o − − −1 5π 4 −225O − 3 7π 6 −210O − ±∞ −π −180O 1 3π 4 −135O − 0 − − − −1 − − 3 − ±∞ 0π 0O 4π 3 −240o π π π π 2 −90o 3 −60o 4 −45o 6 −30o www.mim-sraga.com tel. 01-4578-431 www.maat-fiiz.com TABLICA vrijednosti trigonometrijskih funkcija kut α 0π 0o 0 π 6 30o 1 2 3 2 3 3 3 11π 6 −330o − π 4 45o 2 2 2 2 1 π 3 60o 3 2 1 2 3 3 3 5π 3 −300o − − π 2 90 o 1 2π 3 1200 3 2 − 1 2 3π 4 135O 2 2 − 2 2 −1 5π 6 150O 1 2 − 3 2 3 3 π 180 0 O 7π 6 210O − 1 2 3 2 3 3 3 5π 6 −150O − 5π 4 225O − 2 2 2 2 1 4π 3 240o − 3 2 1 2 3 3 3 2π 3 −1200 − 3π 2 270 o −1 5π 3 300o − 3 2 1 2 − 3 3 3 7π 4 315o − 2 2 2 2 −1 11π 6 330o − 1 2 2π 360o 0 sin α cos α 1 0 −1 − − − 0 3 2 − 3 3 1 tg α 0 ...
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...largest airline, which is also one of the biggest global airlines in the world. It is committed to creating a reputation for safety, operational reliability and considerate customer service. All of these reputations have been playing a vital role in attracting increasing passengers to be loyal to Qantas. Consequently, Qantas has been becoming one of Australia’s most successful companies in aviation industry. With the rapid development of other competitors in aviation industry around the world, however, some challenges had been generated that Qantas has to overcome. Additionally, the key challenge for Qantas is about its global strategy, which is extraordinarily critical to determine the future of Qantas in the global aviation industry. To exactly and effectively understand Qantas’ global strategies, this report will be divided by five parts that could gradually make sense of the importance of global strategic management. Firstly, it will briefly introduce the history and growth of Qantas airline. Then this report will explain how Qantas’ global strategy operates. After that, it is going to analyze the nature and drivers of the company global strategies. Last but not the least, this report will analyze the challenges facing the global strategy and give some suggestions to overcome these challenges. More importantly, it emphasizes the importance of global strategic management for all companies in the world, not only for aviation industry. 1. Introduction of Qantas Airline Queensland...
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...Indian Aviation Industry Name: .................. Guide: Prof. ......... Roll Number: ..... Session: .............. Dept.: B.Com PREFACE This training manual introduces Aviation Industry.The module is meant to give all its users a firm grounding on Aviation Industry. The manual starts with the key concepts of basic Information of Aviation Industry.A major portion of this material revolves around goals & objectives of Aviation Industry. The next part of this manual covers Air facts. Final part of this book deals with benefits of Aviation Industry. The material also offers in-depth coverage of the issues related to uniqueness of aviation industry. It contains related examples and real life scenarios. Target Audience * Enrolment Operators * Enrolment Agency Supervisors * Registrar’s Supervisors * Introducers * Technical Support Staff Dependent or Related Modules To read this manual, no prior knowledge about Aviation is required. This is the first Module of the training program on Aviation and is common for all participants. All the following modules presumes that this module has been completed by the participant. ACKNOWLEDGEMENT At the successful completion of this project, I would like to express my sincere gratitude to all the people without whose support this project would not be completed. At the onset, I would like to thank my institute “St. Xavier’s College, Kolkata, the Principal Rev. Fr. Dr. J. Felix Raj S. J. and...
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...Tony Tyler Director General & CEO International Air Transport Association Annual Report 2012 68th Annual General Meeting Beijing, June 2012 Contents IATA Membership Board of Governors Director General’s message The state of the industry Safety Feature: What is the benefit of global connectivity? 2 4 6 10 18 22 26 30 36 42 48 52 Feature: How safe can we be? Security Feature: Do I need to take my shoes off? Taxation & regulatory policy Environment Feature: What is right for the passenger? Feature: Can aviation biofuels work? Simplifying the Business Feature: What’s on offer? Cost efficiency Feature: Why does economic regulation matter? Industry settlement systems Aviation solutions Note: Unless specified otherwise, all dollar ($) figures refer to US dollars (US$). This review uses only 100% recycled paper (Cyclus Print) and vegetable inks. # IATA Membership as of 1 May 2012 ABSA Cargo Airline Adria Airways Aegean Airlines Aer Lingus Aero República Aeroflot Aerolineas Argentinas Aeromexico Aerosvit Airlines Afriqiyah Airways Aigle Azur Air Algérie Air Astana Air Austral Air Baltic Air Berlin Air Canada Air China Air Corsica Air Europa Air France Air India Air Koryo Air Macau Air Madagascar Air Malawi Air Malta Air Mauritius Air Moldova Air Namibia Air New Zealand Air Nigeria Air Niugini Air Nostrum Air One Air Pacific Air Seychelles Air Tahiti Air Tahiti Nui Air Transat Air Vanuatu Air Zimbabwe Aircalin Airlink Alaska Airlines...
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...Apply Qantas as an Australian company increasingly operating in a global world investigating how the various macro-environmental (uncontrollable) factors impact the marketing mix (controllable) factors. Qantas was founded in 1920 and initially known as the Queensland and Northern Territory Aerial Services Limited (Qantas). It is regarded as one of Australia’s strongest brands and worlds’ leading long distance airline nationally and internationally. Qantas’ business is mainly constructed by the transportation of customers using both their airline brands Qantas and Jetstar as well as operating in other subsidiaries such as Q catering, frequent flyer, freight enterprises as well as other airlines (Qantas, 2013). It employs 33,000 people with 93 per cent of these employees being based in Australia (Qantas, 2013). Recently, Qantas has undergone changes that have threatened and seen Australians question if Qantas will remain an Australian brand. Reports have demonstrated 1000 jobs being cut due to restructuring of international arms as well as the decision to move Australian jobs offshore. Qantas has implemented plans to strengthen international ties particularly in Asia by funding start up airlines internationally. The global market is continuously evolving and as Bernard et al. stated ‘firms that are engaged in international trade are larger and more productive than the ones that serve only domestic markets’ (2007). However, the Federal transport Minister Anthony Albanese has stressed...
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...Wensveen, Ph.D. Dean, School of Aviation Dowling College New York, USA www.dowling.edu President, Airline Visions www.airlinevisions.com The University of Sydney Faculty of Economics and Business Leadership and Policy Seminar Series Sydney, Australia 23 February 2010 Presentation Objectives • Provide background on the global industry • Present a regional analysis • Discuss current and future evolvement of the industry (trends) • Discuss challenges and strategies impacting the industry • Discuss the new breed of airlines • Discuss why airlines fail and how to achieve success Background Section 3 Stages of Development Impacting the Airline Industry • • • • Regulation Liberalization Deregulation “Re-regulation” Phases of Industry Restructuring (resulting from Deregulation / Liberalization) • Expansion • Consolidation • Concentration Past, Present and Future Trends The Global Airline Industry 2012 2010 2008 Time 2006 2004 2002 2000 1998 Survive Adapt Recover Rethink State of Industry “Scenarios” • • • • • SARS 9/11 War Financial Crisis of 2008, 2009, 2010… What to prepare for… – – – – Globalization Change in international political landscape Distribution of natural resources (oil, gas, water) Internal conflicts (shifts in power) and unintended consequences and unintended consequences of good intentions Public and international perception War Terrorism Continued financial issues – – – – Top 5 Frustrations in Aviation 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. Fuel/oil Pollution...
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...Aviation sector * How does the aviation sector as a whole benefit the UK? * What is considered to be the aviation sector’s most important contributions to economic growth and social well-being? * How do you think the global aviation sector will evolve in the medium and long term? What do you expect to be the most significant changes? * How, and within what constraints, can aviation growth occur as technological developments and improved operating procedures reduce CO2, pollutant emissions and noise impacts? * Should some aspects of UK aviation be considered to be of strategic national interest (e.g. certain airports, air traffic control)? If so, based on what criteria? * How might the cost of regulation to the aviation sector be reduced, while achieving the Government’s objectives of promoting sustainable aviation, improving the passenger experience at airports, and maintaining high standards of safety and security for passengers and freight? International connectivity and hub airports * How important are international and domestic air transport connections to the UK at both national and regional levels? * How will the UK’s connectivity needs change in the light of global developments in the medium and long term? * What are the benefits of maintaining a hub airport in the UK? * How important are transfer and transit passengers to the UK economy? * Can regional airports absorb some of the demand pressures from constrained...
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...Issues Aviation supports 1.7 million Indian jobs and contributes 0.5% of India's GDP. And that is just the beginning. It could do much more. Connectivity is the backbone of today's global economy--bringing people to business, tourists to vacation destinations and products to markets. All are important to India's development. On an average, Indians travel by plane once in ten years, while Americans travel 1.8 times each year. If Indians travelled as frequently as Americans, the market would be 2.1 billion travelers instead of today's 120 million. But instead of flourishing and delivering economic benefits, India's aviation industry is struggling. The twin shocks of skyrocketing oil prices followed by the global financial crisis hit in 2008-just as India was gearing up for high speed aviation growth. Four years later, the sector's recovery is hampered by high taxes, insufficient infrastructure, high costs and restrictive investment policies. AAI against Kolkata, Chennai airport privatisation Airports Authority of India (AAI) is opposed to the government's proposal of privatising the Kolkata and Chennai airports, its highest revenue earners, arguing that it is well equipped to manage the facilities, and such decisions can merely undermine the public sector. Criticising Planning Commission's logic that slow commercial decision-making at AAI was the reason for privatisation of these two airports, senior officials at the PSU expressed fear about the state-owned company's...
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...Managing and Regulating Global Maintenance, Repair, and Overhaul Facilities to Elevate Standards Equal to Domestic Facilities Name Institution Managing and Regulating Global Maintenance, Repair, and Overhaul Facilities to Elevate Standards Equal to Domestic Facilities Introduction Airline companies and private aircrafts in developed countries are increasingly outsourcing airplane maintenance, overhaul, and repair services abroad, especially in developing economies. There are as many speculations as to the cause of this trend with recent report by the Federal Aviation Authority (FAA) showing that these companies intend to cut costs. In other words, mechanics and other repair and maintenance professionals in countries such as the United States (U.S.), the United Kingdom (UK), Germany, and France are costly. Furthermore, Fielding, Lo, and Yang (2010) attribute the same to an increase in aeronautical fuel. As such, aircrafts need to balance between making profits and losses related to repair and maintenance overhead costs. However, the main conundrum that every stakeholder asks is whether or not it is safe to have airplanes maintained by mechanics in foreign countries? Following the many maintenance-related incidents, airlines are becoming more skeptical of these abroad service providing companies and personnel. Such accidents results from negligence, incompetent, lack of coordination and documentation of maintenance records. Given that most incidents are also associated...
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...AIR TRANSPORT MANAGEMENT AND OPERATIONS David Lambert Air Transport Management and Operations Contents Introduction - Page 3 Principles of Management – Page 4 Human Resource Management – Page 9 Safety and Security – Page 14 References – Page 18 Introduction All companies and organisations are interested in producing profits, increasing market share and growing the range of products and services that they provide. In order to achieve these goals effective management within the organisation is required. In a general terms management is comprised of ‘top management’, ‘middle management’ and ‘operating management’. However when organisations reach the size of today’s major carriers these definitions can become fully define and a larger framework is required. When the air transport industry was in its infancy management was a much simpler process with smaller teams and shorter communication paths between levels within the organisation. In recent years major carriers have come to employ tens of thousands of people reducing the importance and sense of contribution anyone employee has within the structure. Lines of communication have stretched between decision-making and the ground worker removing a sense of teamwork and a confusion of the ultimate goals of the airline. In the highly competitive world of air transport creating and maintaining an efficient...
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...Civil Aviation Policy – Consultation with stake holders Civil Aviation sector in India has soared to great heights in the last few years. However, the aviation industry’s growth will need proper policy orientation to ensure systematic, sustainable and orderly development. Hence, it is imperative that a clearly defined, long term civil aviation policy is formulated. Such policy while addressing issues related to safety, security, infrastructure development, revenue models, private sector participation etc. must also provide for a safe and comfortable yet affordable air travel to passengers. The Ministry of Civil Aviation, Government of India, is in the process of formulating a Civil Aviation Policy. The civil aviation sector has many complex areas, which need to be addressed in formulation of the policy; some of them are indicated below. Organizations and individuals are requested to give their inputs, views and suggestions on aspects given below (or any other related issues), for facilitating the Ministry of Civil Aviation in drafting the proposed Civil Aviation Policy. These may be sent to the DT section, Ministry of Civil Aviation, Rajiv Gandhi Bhawan, New Delhi, India; or e-mailed to Dtsec.moca@nic.in Views of some stake-holders already received are placed below for reference and cross fertilization of ideas. While giving your views, please mention specifically if you have any objection in keeping your views in public domain. Your views may be sent before 20th February,...
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...INTRODUCTION The international airline industry provides service to virtually every corner of the globe, and has been an integral part of the creation of a global economy. The airline industry itself is a major economic force, both in terms of its own operations and its impacts on related industries such as aircraft manufacturing and tourism, to name but two. This sector had its share of heightened challenges during the global financial crisis of 2000-2005 and 2008-09. The airline industry lost billions of dollars and some airlines struggled to remain in business. Today, the global airline industry consists of over 2000 airlines operating more than 23,000 aircraft, providing service to over 3700 airports. In 2006, the world’s airlines flew almost 28 million scheduled flight departures and carried over 2 billion passengers [1]. The growth of world air travel has averaged approximately 5% per year over the past 30 years, with substantial yearly variations due both to changing economic conditions and differences in economic growth in different regions of the world. Historically, the annual growth in air travel has been about twice the annual growth in GDP. Even with relatively conservative expectations of economic growth over the next 10-15 years, a continued 4-5% annual growth in global air travel will lead to a doubling of total air travel during this period. The economic importance of the airline industry and, in turn, its repercussions for aircraft manufacturers, makes...
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... Table of Content 1 Abstract 3 2 Introduction 3 3 HISTORY OF THE WORLD AIR transport 3 3.1 How it all began 3 3.2 ICAO and IATA-history and reality 4 4 Air Transportation and the Environment 5 4.1 Demand for Air Transport 5 4.2 Environmental Impact of Aviation 7 4.3 CO2 emissions per passenger kilometer 7 4.4 Aircraft Water Emission 9 4.5 Nitrogen Oxides 9 4.6 Impact of Aviation on Biodiversity 10 4.7 Noise Emissions and its impact on humans as well as biodiversity 11 5 Cost of Aviation on certain examples 11 5.1 Aviation Cost for exotic flowers 11 5.2 The Berlin Airport Fiasco 12 6 Historical Trends in Aircraft Transport 13 7 Conclusion 14 8 Table of Figures 15 9 Sources 15 1 Abstract The following Assignment has the topic of showing the history of aviation and within this showing the environmental impact of aviation. Due to this the history is shown and in addition different types of problems connected to aviation such as carbon oxide and greenhouse gases are explained. At last there is an introduction in data’s showing aviation in its beginning as a mass transport and now. 2 Introduction Transportation - one of the most important sectors of the economy, performing the function of a kind of circulatory system in a complex organism. It not only meets the needs of the economy and population in the transportation, but also together...
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...AVIATION SAFETY PROGRAM Name Professor’s name Course Date Abstract The paper seeks to look into some of the critical issues concerning safety measures in the commercial aviation industry. It focuses more on the concept of stress in Air Traffic Controllers (ATC) and how high stress levels can affect the performance of ATCs. Further emphasis is laid on the various measures that can be put into place to address some of the safety issues in commercial aviation industry through the risk management strategies. Several aspects of the whole case arise in the whole program of addressing the issue. It becomes a matter of collective responsibility in the bid to address safety issues and come up with modalities to mitigate any safety threats in the future. At the end, we realize that all the players in the industry have the specific roles to play towards the program. Introduction In an increasingly competitive global environment, where the scramble for resources and the search for tangible opportunities seem to have overtaken any other global undertaking, the importance of commercial aviation cannot be overemphasized. Commercial aviation plays a very central role in the overall growth of any economy across the world. It is therefore imperative to look into the key issues that govern the aviation industry to ensure its success and proper functionalism. The concept of aviation security comes in as one of the most pressing issues in this regard. The...
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...Abstract The global community faces a number of critical challenges ranging from climate change to crossborder health risks to natural-resource scarcities. Many of these so-called global commons problems carry grave risks to economic growth in the developing world and to the livelihoods and welfare of their people. Climate change is the classic example. Despite the risks involved, donor governments have funded programs addressing global challenges such as climate change at far lower levels than traditional programs of country-based development assistance. The prospects for dealing with such global challenges will depend at least in part on new collective financing mechanisms. In this paper, we examine four categories of existing resource-mobilization options, including (1) transportation levies; (2) currency and financial transaction taxes; (3) capitalization of IMF Special Drawing Rights (SDRs); and (4) the sale, mobilization, or capitalization of IMF gold. In the end, we recommend that willing governments utilize a modest portion of their existing SDR allocations to capitalize a third-party financing entity. This entity would offer bonds on international capital markets backed by its SDR reserves. The proceeds would back private investment in climate-mitigation projects in developing countries that might otherwise lack adequate financing. This approach could mobilize up to $75 billion at little or no budgetary cost for contributing governments. Any limited budgetary costs...
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