...Health Care Reform: the Macro Perspective Andrew Ojo HCS/550 December 16, 2013 Connie Melton Health Care Reform, the Macro Perspective Often a time individuals living in America wonders how the health care system could change for the better. One problem that has constantly troubled the minds of consumers have been the subject of health care cost and restrictions invoked by health care coverage providers. At the moment, most of the American people need quality health care services resulting mainly from lack of health care coverage. Here in the United States health care policy and health care service has become controversial domestic issue. Most Americans have this believe that there is a strain on their budgets resulting from how much they have to pay for health care, even employers are complaining that they pay too much as share of cost for employees (Shader, 2013). According to William (2009), the U. S spend a huge portion of its gross national product mainly on health care as compared to other countries. U.S Chamber of Commerce (2013), “The United States spends $2.7 trillion a year on healthcare, and in 2011, the government was on the hook for $38.6 trillion in unfunded liabilities for Medicare”. At present, the United States has relatively poor outcomes in the state health for her citizens to show for the expenditures. In a bid, to find a lasting solution to this concerns, the legislative arms in conjunction with government heads enacted a series of laws in recent...
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...For this task I have chosen World Health Organization or WHO. It is the directing and coordinating authority for health within the United Nations. WHO’s constitution came into force on 7 April 1948 and it has established itself as an important and trustworthy international actor. The main target of the organization is to provide leadership on global health matters, shape the health research agenda, set norms and standards, provide evidence-based policy options, provide technical support and also monitor and assess global health trends. Its objective is to ensure that everyone has the highest attainable state of health. (Ministry for Foreign Affairs of Finland 2008, WHO 2014.) FINLAND AND WORLD HEALTH ORGANIZATION According to Finland’s the...
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...Bisht et al. Globalization and Health 2012, 8:32 http://www.globalizationandhealth.com/content/8/1/32 REVIEW Open Access Understanding India, globalisation and health care systems: a mapping of research in the social sciences Ramila Bisht1*, Emma Pitchforth2 and Susan F Murray3 Abstract National and transnational health care systems are rapidly evolving with current processes of globalisation. What is the contribution of the social sciences to an understanding of this field? A structured scoping exercise was conducted to identify relevant literature using the lens of India – a ‘rising power’ with a rapidly expanding healthcare economy. A five step search and analysis method was employed in order to capture as wide a range of material as possible. Documents published in English that met criteria for a social science contribution were included for review. Via electronic bibliographic databases, websites and hand searches conducted in India, 113 relevant articles, books and reports were identified. These were classified according to topic area, publication date, disciplinary perspective, genre, and theoretical and methodological approaches. Topic areas were identified initially through an inductive approach, then rationalised into seven broad themes. Transnational consumption of health services; the transnational healthcare workforce; the production, consumption and trade in specific health-related commodities, and transnational diffusion of ideas and knowledge...
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...Health is critical component of everyday life that should be taken into consideration when looking at the world’s population. With the dawn on the digital revolution, health care practices/methods have been forced to take on a new look, one that is in line with technology to better reach the global society. Even though this poses concerns for developed, developing and less developed countries. Moreover, developed and developing countries they are faced with what is equitable between health and healthcare while less developed countries, they are faced with little to no electricity which results in poor lighting and inadequate communication and are forced to treat patients without past medical records. The problem stems from “a lack of coherence in global health governance, which leads to the impossibility of effective representation throughout the globe.” (Zalzala et al. 629-632) This is a major problem when dealing with the global society as health for on a global scale cannot be addressed from the perspective of one nation, it needs to come from several nations working together to achieve a set goal. Because problems in one nation might severely differ from the other due to climate, culture and the nature of the people who live in that specific nation. Currently, there is not standing plan or strategic vision to combat this global health crisis and no one person is capable but a select few really care about the global society. For example: Doctors Without Borders, an organization...
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...Report Two: Global Business Issues Abstract As a group we were posed with the task of addressing six different issues using ten different articles from Business week and five sources of peer reviewed articles. The first issue that we addressed was Global Self-Awareness which is “the continuum through which students develop a mature, integrated identity with a systemic understanding of the interrelationships among the self, local and global communities, and the natural and physical world.” The next issue addressed was Perspective which is “Taking the continuum through which students develop a mature, integrated identity with a systemic understanding of the interrelationships among the self, local and global communities, and the natural and physical world. Another issue we addressed was Cultural Diversity which is “the ability to recognize the origins and influences of one’s own cultural heritage along with its limitations in providing all that one needs to know in the world.” The next issue talked about was Personal and Social Responsibility which is “the ability to recognize one’s responsibilities to society-locally, nationally, and globally- and to develop a perspective on ethical and power relations both across the globe and within individual societies.” The next topic discussed was Understanding Global Systems which is “the complex and overlapping worldwide systems, including natural systems and human systems, which operate in observable patterns and often are affected...
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...competitive pressures arising from globalization is slowly destroying the social security. However, if the situation prevails, social achievements of industrialized countries could be destroyed and their ability to generate income would become unfavorable (1). Sociology The study of social relationship of human in any aspect of life that is family, friends, religion, education, culture, values and etc. is called sociology. Sociology is an interesting field which analyses about every aspect of human life like matter of routine life, interaction of communities and social causes of gender identity, aging, religious faith, family conflict, poverty, wealth and social activities (Featherstone, 1990). While it also covers population growth, global peace and war...
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...Nursing Research Nursing is often incorrectly regarded as a subset of the medical profession; in reality, the profession of Nursing is a unique, distinct science with its own knowledge base and skillset. In accordance with the requirements of a scientific profession, there is a need for scholarly inquiry and nursing research in order to maintain autonomy and distinction of the Nursing perspective separate from other disciplines. An editorial published in the Journal of Nursing Scholarship noted that “the distinguishing feature of a profession is how its practitioners use knowledge to make a difference” (Hegyvary, 2007). The evidence generated by Nursing scholars influences global health initiatives and policy worldwide. The need for field wide scholarly inquiry, the application of rigorous scientific standards to research, and the importance of stringent ethical and legal protection for research subjects has been the subject of numerous articles, books, and papers. The Nursing Profession has a responsibility to engage in scholarly research for many reasons that will be discussed in depth within this paper. Importance of Nursing Research to the Nursing Profession As noted in the introduction, in order to maintain its status as a unique, autonomous profession, Nursing as a field must continually refine and expand its scientific knowledge base. The AACN position statement summarizes the importance of research to the profession by stating “The essence of a discipline is...
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...(Hough 2008: 2). Depending on the emergency of security of an actor will depend how a government or country will act on the security measure. For example, concerns relating to health and rights of the people will be at top on the global political agenda compare to other events such as natural disasters or mass killings are rarely seen as security concerns. It might be of importance to the people that these events are happening to, but not to the people not being affected. There are four main paradigms of International Relations that affect issues in security. Those paradigms are Realism, Pluralism, Marxism, and Social Constructivism. Realism is the idea that states should be self-centered, competitive, and should look after themselves and not trust any other states. The state should do anything within its reach to expand its power in wherever possible being in military or economic sectors in order to secure themselves and be at the top. Realists tend to favor governments that separate the high and low politics and best serve the national interest. Low politics such as health issues, welfare, and other issues of that sort should be dealt at a domestic level and is separate from high politics, such as war. The idea globalization in the 60’s and 70’s took International Relations to a different perspective because not only did they have to deal with military power issues but now they had...
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...Final Draft PERSPECTIVE PLAN OF BANGLADESH 2010-2021 ____________________________ MAKING VISION 2021 A REALITY General Economics Division Planning Commission Government of the People’s Republic of Bangladesh April 2012 Contents ABBREVIATIONS ...............................................................................................................................v PREAMBLE of the Perspective Plan (2010-2021) ............................................................................ 1 I. ............................................................................................................... Context of the Perspective Plan .................................................................................................................................................................. 1 II. .......................................................................................... Current state and Development Perspective .................................................................................................................................................................. 1 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY .................................................................................................................... 2 CHAPTER 1: VISION FOR A PROSPEROUS FUTURE........................................................................ 10 1.1 The Vision ..........................................................................................................
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...China’s Green Credit Policy: Building Sustainability in the Financial Sector World Resources Institute June 8, 2011 Motoko Aizawa, Sustainability Advisor, IFC The Green Credit Policy - the Domestic Context • Pattern of rapid economic growth characterized by: High consumption of energy and natural resources Environmental pollution & biodiversity loss Growing social tension and inequality • Recognition that administrative measures need to be coupled with market-based policies • Turning to the power of the market: Environmental economic policies Environmental Tax Ecological Compensation Mechanism Green Trade Policy Green Government Procurement Green Insurance Green Securities Green Credit China’s Green Credit Policy • Context: Banks provide 80-90% of funding to Chinese enterprises • Dual Purpose: Direct credits away from highly polluting and high energy-consuming enterprises and projects Direct credits toward energy conservation and emission reduction at preferential terms • Launched in July 2007 by three agencies: Ministry of Environmental Protection (MEP) China Banking Regulatory Commission (CBRC) People’s Bank of China (PBOC) • New feature: Inter-agency collaboration with clear implementation responsibilities Based on lessons learned from the 1995 policy experience IFC Partnership with Chinese Agencies on Green Credit • Objective: Knowledge transfer of IFC experience in sustainable...
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...Individual Assessment Cover Sheet / Plagiarism Declaration Form This form must be completed and included with each assessment you submit for marking to the School. Although this assessment is submitted electronically, you must still complete and include this form with your assessment. | | | | | | |Student Number: |201413996 | | | | |Unit Code No.: |HOS201 | | | | |Unit Title: |Operation and Environmental Management | | | | |Assessment No.: |Individual essay ...
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...GLOBALIZATION AND PUBLIC HEALTH Although, recently there is a growing literature on the importance of globalization for health, the term globalization has for long been used in academic discourse, particularly within the social and political science but relatively new in the discussion within public health. While the processes of globalization are far from straight forward, the concept of health is as well a complex one, which result into no consensus either on the pathways and mechanism through which globalization affects the health of population or on the appropriate policy responses (woodward et al 2001). However, there has been a significant increase interest on the issue of globalization within public health, although a contested one, since authors on public health are still undecided not only on the exact conclusion on the impact of globalization on public health, whether bad or good, but also as to whether globalization has actually cemented its place in the public health lexicon. Nevertheless, it is know that a broad-based public health should take note of significant economic, political and social changes that determine and shape people’s health, and this definitely will call for a proper theoretical approach to globalization in understanding the nature of these contemporary economic, political and social changes (Stuart McClean in Orme et. al. 2007). This essay will describe the relationship between globalization and public health. It will first begin, by exploring...
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...000 employees in 60 countries throughout the world. IDEXX was incorporated in 1983, and continued to grow, eventually expanding global operations to their European headquarters in Hoofddorp, The Netherlands. IDEXX is split into three main lines of business, Companion Animal Group, Livestock and Poultry Diagnostics, and Water. Additionally. IDEXX also created SNAP tests for the detection of antibiotic drug-residue found in dairy milk, as well as optical spectrum (OPTI) point-of-care analyzers. These analyzers measure blood gases, electrolytes, acid-base balance and more parameters. IDEXX is always working to maintain their status as the market leader in veterinary diagnostic and research projects. The purpose of this paper is to examine IDEXX’s high potential for impacting health and society through its divisions, as well as their impact in the technological, economic, environmental, political, legal and ethical areas. As large multinational company IDEXX’s potential influence is vast and their responsibility to societies has grown. Using the STEEPLE analysis we will examine these topics and discuss how IDEXX is currently impacting these areas, and explore what strategies IDEXX can employ to improve their company through Human Resources Management (HRM). Social IDEXX Laboratories still has a very small, family run business climate despite their global reach and operations in multiple countries. With this in mind, their...
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...providing livelihoods. This creates a paradox. We need industries to create jobs, but we cannot sustain the long term effects for extensive air and water pollution to live on earth. Environmental policy is a broad issue, mostly because of the socio-political dimensions of the issue. This paper presents an environmental policy analysis with the focus on clean water and air issues. It discusses existing environmental policy and problems and contradictions related to them. It also discusses the main stakeholders and the need of stakeholders and public to participate in environmental policy making and assessment. Finally this paper provides some recommendations on environmental policy implication. Definition of the Problem It is not an easy task to define environmental problem. The issue is too complex and broad to summarize it in several sentences. Some people believe that environmental policy refers only to human relationships to nature; they understand that much environmental policy deals with human health concerns (Kraft & Furlong, 2009, p.341). Putting environmental policy even at a broader context, it can be defined as government actions that affect environmental quality and the use of natural resources (Kraft & Furlong, 2009, p.342). There is no doubt that environmental issues are global issues. Entire world is facing important environmental problems that need to be addressed at both state level and collaborative international level. United States alone is “the largest single...
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...development aspects, as well as how some of these relate to public health issues. It presents an analysis of current trends, such as industry consolidation, and possible future developments. It concludes by identifying a range of industry bodies and industrysupported bodies, such as trade associations and social aspects organizations (SAOs), which contribute to addressing social and public health aspects of alcohol. The word “alcohol” derives from Arabic al-kuhul and is applied to the many members of the family of alcohols. The type found in beverage alcohol is called ethanol or ethyl alcohol and is the result of the natural process of fermentation of fruits, grains, vegetables, plant matter, and even dairy products. Its three main classifications are wine, beer, and distilled spirits. Other classifications abound and are often related to culture, content, production method, and legality. 1 The relationship between beverage alcohol and public health has been studied extensively for more than a century, and continues to be of interest to governments, public health professionals, the public at large, as well as a central issue for the beverage alcohol industry. Indeed, over the past two decades, major international beverage alcohol producers have taken a broader look at the way in which they respond to alcohol issues. With attention to corporate social responsibility, they actively incorporate concern for health-related aspects of alcohol consumption and social issues...
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