...Case: Google Data Center Efficiency Best Practices 1. What is PUE, and why is it an important place to start when considering how to reduce data center power consumption? What value of PUE should data center managers strive for? 2. Describe the five methods recommended by Google for reducing power consumption. 3. How much of the world’s global greenhouse gases are the result of computing? List several factors that will tend to retard or accelerate data center power consumption both globally and in the United States. 4. Where do you suspect that data-center power consumption will be greatest: developing and emerging economies or already developed economies? Why? 5. Imagine that a company has developed an advanced technology that allows it to reduce its data-center requirements by an unprecedented amount, and creates a competitive Power usage efficiency (PUE) is a form of measuring how efficient a data center is in using energy. PUE can be determined by a ratio of amount of power entering the data center by the amount of power used to run the computer equipment (PUE = Total Facility Energy/IT Equipment Energy). PUE provides the tool to measure how effective a data center is in utilizing energy to cool its computers equipment. Data center managers strive for a PEU of 1.0. As the PUE increases over 1.0 the less efficient the data center is in using energy to cool its computer equipment which could be very costly for the company since its overhead cost will rise...
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...1a – Google Data Center 1. What is PUE, and why is it an important place to start when considering how to reduce data center power consumption? What value of PUE should data center managers strive for? Power Usage Effectiveness (PUE) is a measure to determine the energy efficiency of a data center. It is the ratio between the energy of the system and the energy of the IT equipment in the data center. TOTAL FACILITY ENERGY PUE = --------------------------------------- IT EQUIPMENT ENERGY It is the ratio of the energy supplied to the entire Data Center and the energy consumed by the IT equipment. Whether to feed the entire plant, we need twice the minimum required to own IT equipment, we have a PUE 2. It allows to calculate the efficiency of the power supply and cooling IT equipment.. A PUE of 2.0 means that for every watt of IT power, an additional watt is consumed to cool and distributes power to the IT equipment. A PUE of 1.0 is considered ideal. A closer PUE of 1.0 means that almost all the energy is used to compute. For use PUE to be effective, should be measured often. If you occasionally makes the information will not be realistic. Ideally, measured as quickly and frequently as every second way. The higher the frequency, the more significant the results. 2. Describe the five methods recommended by Google for reducing power consumption. • Measure Pue To manage the efficiency of a...
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...Tom Dowdall, Greenpeace David Pomerantz, Greenpeace Yifei Wang, Greenpeace Editor: David Pomerantz, Greenpeace Creative Direction & Design by: Arc Communications Published in April 2014 by Greenpeace Inc. 702 H Street, NW Suite 300 Washington, D.C. 20001 United States greenpeace.org 2 Contents Executive Summary 5 Company Scorecard 7 Cloud Source 9 Global Energy Snapshot 13 The Cloud’s Next Stop: China 17 The Road Map to a Green Internet 19 Your Online World: Green IRL, or #dirty? 25 Green Internet Leaders and Best Practices 29 Where the Cloud Touches the Ground -- Map: Global Data Center Hot Spots -- Map: US Data Center Hot Spots -- US Regional Profiles 35 36 38 40 Appendix 1: Methodology 42 Appendix 2: Company Scores Explained 44 Appendix 3: Company Data Center Facilities and Estimates of Power Demand 64 Notes 78 03 4 © Frank van Biemen / EvoSwitch / Greenpeace Greenpeace USA Clicking Clean: How Companies are Creating the Green Internet Executive Summary Executive Summary For the estimated 2.5 billion people around the world who are connected to the internet, it is impossible to imagine life without it. The internet has rewoven the fabric of our daily lives – how we communicate with each other, work and entertain ourselves – and become a foundation of the global economy. Seemingly on a daily basis...
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...Green computing 1 Green computing Green computing, green IT or ICT Sustainability, refers to environmentally sustainable computing or IT. In the article Harnessing Green IT: Principles and Practices, San Murugesan defines the field of green computing as "the study and practice of designing, manufacturing, using, and disposing of computers, servers, and associated subsystems—such as monitors, printers, storage devices, and networking and communications systems — efficiently and effectively with minimal or no impact on the environment."[1] The goals of green computing are similar to green chemistry; reduce the use of hazardous materials, maximize energy efficiency during the product's lifetime, and promote the recyclability or biodegradability of defunct products and factory waste. Many corporate IT department have Green Computing initiatives to reduce the environmental impacts of their IT operations.[2] Research continues into key areas such as making the use of computers as energy-efficient as possible, and designing algorithms and systems for efficiency-related computer technologies. Origins In 1992, the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency launched Energy Star, a voluntary labeling program that is designed to promote and recognize energy-efficiency in monitors, climate control equipment, and other technologies. This resulted in the widespread adoption of sleep mode among consumer electronics. Concurrently, the Swedish organization TCO Development launched the TCO...
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...International Business Strategy II 1. Liu Shu 6509037 Introduction Google and Apple are giants in technology industry. These two companies provide innovate products or service and have unique organizational structure and culture. Under the increasing pressure of cost reduction and local responsiveness caused by globalization development, both Google and Apple are transforming into transnational organizations. This report will critically evaluate the comparative transnational effectiveness of Google and Apple in terms of motivation means and mentalities, layers of competitiveness, across boundaries management and corporation social responsiveness (CSR). 2. Motivations Means and Mentalities Initial incentives of Apple and Google expansion were different because of their distinct business focuses. Apple generates its profits by selling cutting-edge electronic devices, whereas Google even though has its own products such as some newly invented wearable devices, its benefit basically comes from their advertising. Therefore, Google do not have to secure key supply, and access to low-cost market. Nevertheless, seeking boarder market seems to be very important for both of these to enterprises. Moreover, the emerging motivations for Google and Apple are quite similar. After they began to expand, the forces which triggered the expansion in the first place, may turn into secondary when they make emerging global...
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...COMPUTER ASSIGNMENT CASE STUDY-GREEN DATA CENTERS: GOOD FOR BUSINESS? Nita Adhikari BBA-1st SEMESTER Section B Green data centers: Good for business Synopsis This case all deals about bringing the concept of green computing and cost reduction in business field. The case revolves around how to minimize the cost of power consumption and efficiently use different improved tools and technique’s such as virtualization in data centers.it even visualize some of the world’s prominent firms like Microsoft, Google and Facebook; how have they used the concept of green computing that helps in business market even. Case Facts 1. Power and cooling costs for data centers have highly risen. 2. The power consumption for cooling the server has negative impact on the environment. 3. The efficient energy of data center is measured in Power Usage Effectiveness (PUE). 4. The lower PUE is better, 1.0 is the desirable target, which traditionally was 2.0, and newly they designed for 1.5 and much better are emerging. 5. PUE is influenced by many factors, including hardware efficiency, data center size, the types of servers and their uses, the proficiency of monitoring software. 6. Union pacific, the largest North American Rail road, implemented Microsoft windows server 2008 virtualization, in order to use the computing resources more efficiently. Previously it had run an application per server which underutilized all the resources. By 2009, it created 380 virtual...
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...connect the driver with the truck. GPS built into the unit to help drivers locate delivery and pickup locations. Color screen for customer to read shipping documents. 2. Write out the steps a package takes from pick-up by a UPS driver to delivery including the role of DIAD, the UPS Data Center, and the UPS Package Center. • Smart label created • Information sent to processing center • Information processed—stored, address corrected • Information matched to dispatch plan • Package is sorted • Another label is printed specifying delivery truck and position on truck • Geo software used to continuously update dispatch plans for trucks based on current load • Information is displayed on the DIAD IV identifying drop off order, position on truck • At delivery, package scanned. Information sent wirelessly to processing center • Customers sign on the dotted line on the DIAD IV. • Main processing centers store complete track of package for customer tracking 3. What role does wireless communication play in the UPS systems? DIAD IV is wirelessly connected to the main processing centers and the package centers. Generally UPS trucks contain a transceiver to work with the local driver's DIAD...
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...Green Data Center Mohit Ramchandani N 13853554 Kaushal Panchal ABSTRACT The word “green technologies” represent the issues that are being currently addressed as Global warming and the increase of toxic waste generated by electronic devices. The Data centers are energy hogs which, represent about 25 % of total fixed corporate assets, and 50 % of overall IT budgets. People feel that sustainability is the right and the smart thing to for designing and operating a productive data center, for betterment of our environment. The mission-critical operational efficiency and stability is boosted and not sacrificed by Greening a data. A green data center is provided, which comprises: a utility power source for providing utility power, a facility electrically connected to the utility power source, a renewable energy provider electrically connected to the facility for providing renewable energy, an IT equipment electrically connected to the renewable energy provider. A heat transfer system having a circulating coolant, wherein the heat transfer system captures and transfers taste heat generated by the computer IT equipment and transfers heat from the heated coolant to at least one of the utility power source, for the IT equipment. The power consumption of the green energy data center system is half that of a conventional data center, and green energy accounts for another half for driving. The data center is green and energy saving, and also the profit margin of the data center...
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...indeed beneficial and appropriate, the process and procedure of becoming green is anything but easy. Firstly, turning green is largely not a legal requirement, but a voluntary process. Thus, even though LEED (which is by far the more publicly known green certification standard) governs the certification of the green management effort, it is not a compulsory condition for practitioners to go green. Secondly, even with the encouragement of incentives to comply, practitioners are skeptical in becoming green due to: (a) a lack of true understanding of the benefit of ecologically friendly procedures (the practice of profits versus the theory of benefits); (b) lack of short term gain in life cycle costing (practitioners want instant incentives); and (c) mostly, because it is not a legal requirement for the vast majority of municipalities. Keywords: Green management, green business practices, barriers toward green management, encouragement & incentives for green management, LEED Certification. RESUMEN La gestión ambiental sostenible y el tornarse ecológico no es tan claro ni factible como lo pregona la prensa. Mientras que volverse ecológicamente “verde” es sin duda beneficioso y apropiado, el proceso y el procedimiento de hacerlo es todo menos fácil. En primer lugar, transformarse ecológicamente eficiente no es un requerimiento legal, sino un proceso voluntario. Entonces, mientras la certificación LEED (Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design, que es con mucho la certificación ecológica...
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...knowledge that "the delivery of health care is primarily driven by the medical model, which emphasizes illness rather than wellness” (Shi & Singh, 2015, p. 73). Faced with issues like chronic illnesses, fragmentation, and population of baby boomers that affect the challenges of cost, access, and quality of care; it can be argued that the use of health information devices has positive impact on the delivery of healthcare. Since “the future of healthcare technology is now” (Glandon, Smaltz, & Slovensky, 2014, p. 27), developments in the production of healthcare information devices have been on the increase, popular, and widely used by patients and providers. Some of these devices, which include smart phones, computers, smart glasses like Google glasses, activities trackers, and wearable devices, have impacted and transformed the delivery of healthcare in ways that include cost of healthcare, access to healthcare, and quality of the care delivered. Introduction It is a common knowledge that developments in technology is continually changing, is responsible for globalization, helps with effective evaluation of business and decision-making, and enables the growth of information technology. Similarly, the areas of information technology and healthcare delivery are also presently active, developing, and constantly changing. As a result, the management of health information technology is currently enabling versatility in the delivery of healthcare, helping with...
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...infrastructure for running HPC, enterprise and Web applications. However, the growing demand of Cloud infrastructure has drastically increased the energy consumption of data centers, which has become a critical issue. High energy consumption not only translates to high operational cost, which reduces the profit margin of Cloud providers, but also leads to high carbon emissions which is not environmentally friendly. Hence, energy-efficient solutions are required to minimize the impact of Cloud computing on the environment. In order to design such solutions, deep analysis of Cloud is required with respect to their power efficiency. Thus, in this chapter, I discuss various elements of Clouds which contribute to the total energy consumption and how it is addressed in the literature. I also discuss the implication of these solutions for future research directions to enable green Cloud computing. The paper also explains the role of Cloud users in achieving this goal. Table of Contents ABSTRACT: 2 1. Introduction 3 2. What is Cloud computing? 6 2.1 Cloud Computing Characteristics 7 2.2 Components of Cloud Computing 8 2.3 Cloud Computing Deployment Models 10 3. Cloud Computing and Energy Usage Model: A Typical Example 12 4. Features of Clouds enabling Green computing 13 5. Towards Energy Efficiency of Cloud computing: State-of-the-Art 15 5.1 Applications 15 5.2 Cloud Software Stack: Virtualization and Provisioning 15 5.3 Datacenter level: Cooling, Hardware...
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... but more importantly4, to ensure employees are still committed to the organization. HR development acts as the mentor5 to its employees – guiding, training and educating them in the way of the industry and the organization. Well trained and competent employees, who are able to showcase themselves and their organization to the customers in a more effective manner, help in increasing customer satisfaction and overall clientele, by adding credibility and reputation to the business. Effective HR planning and development practices6 bring quality and loyal workers who are committed and passionate about the success of their organization. Google Inc., the 9 year old technology service provider based in Mountain View, California, was voted7 the number one Best Company to Work for in America...
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...Introduction Google is a company that specializes in internet search and online advertising, and an important player in the knowledge-based services industry. Since its very beginnings, this company has focused on innovation and new ways of doing things more efficiently and effectively, and it has paid off for it. Its Human Resources (HR) practices are no exception either. Under the motif “best place to work for”, Google has become one of the best employers to work for, and has won numerous awards and listings from the best industry analysts. It attracts people from diverse backgrounds with its unorthodox methods of rewards and benefits, and using its innovative methods of evaluation, Google recruits employees with the best “innovative potential”, as the company says. Knowledge-based industries are dependent on its inputs of technology and human capital, so they face some serious HR challenges. Here recruitment and retaining employees are crucial and a major challenge as employees demand a different type of challenges and work environment than other industries, and also fitting the perfect people according to their jobs is also a major challenge here. So, intensive training and development of employees is important. Because employees are highly skilled and knowledgeable, they enjoy a high bargaining power unlike many other industries. So maintaining them requires a lot effort from the HR departments of the companies to retain and motivate them to be loyal, as they know many...
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...experiences, knowledge, attitudes and expectations. Different motivational theories, but most - popular theory of Maslow's hierarchy of needs theory, known as the motivation of A. H. Maslow (1943). Through it he tries to explain why people at different times are driven by different needs, Maslow has human needs in hierarchical importance of the priorities. Alderfer shows the hierarchy of needs on three levels. According to this theory possible emergence of several needs simultaneously, and the process of going back. According to JK Galbraith structure of the modern corporation can be represented as concentric circles. Motivational theory in an organization can be extrapolated to the work of both organizations Google...
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...With world leaders currently convening high-level negotiations on how best to address the rising threat of global warming, and public apprehension about the phenomenon at an all-time high, it's encouraging to note several recent developments coming from the high-tech sector. It's about time. Our ever-shrinking world is abuzz with activity attempting to address the manmade rise of greenhouse gases. Eco-visionary James Lovelock published a radical idea in Nature to increase ocean uptake of CO2 through giant ocean tubes. New Zealand has kicked off an ambitious plan to get 90% of its energy from renewable sources by 2025. JC Penney, Office Depot and Kohl's have announced green building plans. In May, General Electric said it had doubled sales from environmentally friendly products, to $12 billion over, in two years. One need only take a look at any online discussion thread of green issues to see anxiety, and often outright ridicule, about the sizable ecological impact so many of us Web surfers are having. Computers are hard to (and rarely) recycled, and when they are, it's typically in developing nations by people without proper training or safety gear. Often they are children. That's distressing, because today's computers are made with a sizable amount of lead, cadmium, brominated fire retardants and plastics that can leach toxic breakdown products. While processor speed has faithfully followed Moore's Law, energy use has also swelled, as more and more people are able to...
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