...Positioning System (GPS) and the Global’naya Navigatsionnaya Sputnikovaya Sistema (GLONASS). However, due to the ionospheric gradient, the performance of GNSS with GPS and GLONASS only is limited. Four Augmentation Systems are thus added to GNSS, including the Space-Based Augmentation System, Ground-Based Augmentation Systems, Airplane-Based Augmentation Systems, and Ground-Based Regional Augmentation Systems, in order to improve accuracy, integrity, continuity of service, and availability of navigation. Among the four augmentation systems, GBAS is the only one capable of meeting the most stringent operational needs of aviation, e.g. takeoff and landing in low-visibility conditions. Therefore, it has been effectively applied to the support of takeoff and landing operations. GBAS consists of a ground segment, airborne segment, and space segment. To facilitate the navigational performance augmentation, GABS is used to develop differential corrections for each satellite, and broadcast these corrections to the airborne receiver over a very high frequency (VHF) data broadcast (VDB) signal transmitted in the 108.0-117.975 MHz band. The ground segment consists of three or four reference receivers located on or near an airport property. These receivers track the signals from navigation satellites. By measuring the time of transmission between the GPS satellite and the reference receivers, the distance the signal traveled is determined, correcting the errors of the GPS or GLONASS. The GBAS Ground...
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...复旦大学本科毕业设计 摘 要 随着定位技术的发展，定位服务、导航服务已经越来越为人们所熟悉。人们 开始逐渐抛弃纸质地图，使用电子地图。车载导航仪、手机导航软件的应用越来 越广泛，使用电子导航逐渐成为了出行的习惯。而在有些情况下，导航仪的用户 需要沿着特殊的自定义路线进行行进，而沿着路线行走本身便是其目的。在这种 情况下，则需要自定义路线导航。 本次设计基于 Android 平台，编写了自定义路线的手机导航软件，以实现自 定义路线导航功能。通过显示地图、显示定位位置、错路提醒、关键点提醒等功 能，帮助用户在自定义路线行进的情况下，找到正确的方向，顺利到达终点。 一个鸡蛋的暴走活动是自定义路线导航软件的一个典型应用。针对此活动， 我对软件进行了优化。导航软件在活动中取得了非常好的效果。 关键词：定位服务；自定义路线；导航软件；百度地图 API 1 复旦大学本科毕业设计 Abstract With the development of positioning technic, LBS applications are widely used in our life. The traditional maps are gradually disappeared and electronic maps are used instead. The electronic maps like vehicle navigators and navigation apps makes a new style of navigation. However, these won’t work in special conditions, such as custom routine. That’s the reason the custom route navigator is needed. I designed a custom route navigator application on cell phone based on Android OS. It can display the map view and current location, alarm when the user arrive some given places or go wrong. This application will help the user arrive the terminus as soon as possible and keep them in the right ways. This application is used in a charity activity “the rampage of an egg”. I optimized this application so that it can be more suitable for this activity. Finally, it got a big success. Keywords : LBS, custom route, e-navigator, Baidu Map API 2 复旦大学本科毕业设计 目录 摘 要..................................................................................................................
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...Navigation Devices become popular? What technologies are required to facilitate the success of PNDs? A PND uses a GPS signals to determine the device’s location and display it on a digital map. Additional software brings features such as routing, driving conditions, suggested directions, ETA, interactivity, etc. The main features of PNDs that made them popular were convenience and accuracy of information. Before PNDs, to navigate one would need paper maps. Paper maps can become quickly outdated and cannot show current location. Users would have to know their locations in order to manually calculate a route to destination. A PND calculates the current location by triangulation of GPS signals and software calculates a route based on multiple criteria (fastest or shortest route, traffic conditions, etc). As the technology evolved, more features were packed in PND such as POI (points of interest). While a paper map can aid in manually generate a route to known destination, it cannot help finding a POI of which location is unknown to the user. 2. Who are some of the leaders in PNDs? What are the likely factors that will contribute to winning in this marketplace? If we are talking about dedicated PND, the market leaders are Garmin, TomTom and Magellan. However, if we are looking at the total number of GPS enabled devices that provide navigation features, then the combined sales of Samsung, Motorola, HTC and Nokia devices make...
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...operations are services with mobile navigation solution , map content and services by the business units TOMTOM and TELE ATLAS.TOMTOM financial performance: looking at profitability and financial strength. From 2005 to 2007, the company had a consistent growth in revenue sales with a corresponding increase in net income. This changed from 2008 with a decline in sales revenue of 3.7% and a net income decrease of 136%. This can be accounted by the downturn of the economy but also indicates that TOMTOM did not change its strategy quick enough to absorb the changes in the economy. Sales revenue further decreased in 2009. Also look at competitive strength, TOMTOM is suffering from continuous pressure from competition and decrease in retail prices of GPS units. GARMIN is still the leader with market share of 45% while TOMTOM has a market share of 24%. Based on the above, TOMTOM has a competitive strategy but not a total winning strategy. They need to look at the industry and be more pro-active at market changes and other threats which they identified. TRENDS: Demand for portable navigation devices have declined as traffic and mapping functions are becoming an almost standard feature in cars and mobiles. It will thus look like these device’s market has reached its saturation point. It would seem that more focused is placed on fleet tracking in the satellite navigation industry and companies need to shift focus and adjust their strategies accordingly. Other market which is still available is...
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...Objectives a. To study on the underlying knowledge used in the development of the GPS and how and why the GPS was developed. b. To research on the use of the GPS including the profile and type of user, the purpose it is used for and the developments together with new knowledge created through the use of GPS. Problem statement In this developed society, it is obvious that mankind has arrived at yet another golden era with rapidly advancing technology. The 21st century has appeared that human are at busiest to compete to gain wealth by exploiting all possible resources. However, busy lifestyle has caused issues such as traffic congestion. Time always appears to be a resource easily hit scarcity. This era where information is the riches has invoked the demand of mankind on a tool to navigate so that time will not be wasted when they are lost in traffic. Therefore a tool to guide direction is developed and introduced to the society. Introduction The Global Positioning System (GPS) is selected as the tool in this assignment. Though GPS appears to be a common tool in the society, not everyone understands the process of development gone through by GPS. Global Positioning System is a space-based satellite navigation system that provides location and time information in all weather conditions, anywhere on or near the Earth where there is an unobstructed line of sight to four or more GPS satellites. The system provides critical capabilities to military, civil and commercial...
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...Running Head: DIFFERENTIAL GLOBAL POSITIONING SYSTEM 1 Differential Global Positioning Systems Clay Guida Southern Illinois University DIFFERENTIAL GLOBAL POSITIONING SYSTEM 2 Global Positioning Systems (GPS) have become one of the greatest innovations of the modern world. Simply put, your personal guide to anywhere in the world. It can accurately get a fix on your position to within 100 meters. This is where most people would say that their GPS gets them down to ten meters or less, and they would be right. But it is GPS in coordination with the Differential Global Positioning System (DGPS) that gets them that accurate of a location. To understand this we must start from the beginning and go over GPS’s history. From there we will take a look at what causes some of the inaccuracies that GPS can. Then we can see how DGPS counters these and gives you the most accurate reading you can have. Differential Global Positioning System, GPS’s right hand man for accuracy. To understand how a DGPS helps a GPS we start at the beginning of it’s short history. Though made for use by the United States government, it was the Soviet Union that launched Sputnik in 1957 and gave us the idea. After the launch, Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) researches observed that they could pick up the radio signal that Sputnik was producing. They also realized that the sound of this transmission varied with the...
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...My name is Rosemary and I am not your typical person. During my free time I like to stumble in the woods or try to appear sneaky in town. The reason I do it is? Usually I am looking for Tupperware containers. Sometimes it could be a tiny little container the size of my pinky nail. I find them, sign the log and if the container is big enough I leave a small little trinket. I’ve been doing this for a few years now and I’ve found close to 1,000 such container. Sometimes I even have to solve a puzzle to find them. Most of my friends that do this don’t even know what I look like. Also they do not know my real name. They just know me as TrailSteamer. What is this craziness I speak of? Simple, it’s called geocaching. ------------------------------------------------- I started geocaching as a way to lose weight. I have lost a little and I know I am more toned then I use to be. But I am still what people would call overweight. I prefer to be called curvy, womanly, or better yet just down right sexy. There is just more to me to love. I would probably lose more weight if I if I did not make such kick ass food. I currently work at a cupcake shop in the small town I live in. I work there to pay the bills while I’m working on psychology degree. I want to work with women who were in abusive relationships. For some reason I have never told my friends about my hobby or as I like to call it my other life. However, things in my world of geocaching is about to get interesting. Rosie couldn’t...
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...countries and territories around the world (UPS, 2015). The challenges associated with this problem and the information that required analysis concerned maintenance of its fleet. In the past UPS used to replace important parts every few years. This was the solution they used to ensure that its vehicles stayed on the road and in good working order. The new approach however, is to collect data from hundreds of sensors in each vehicle. They then use various algorithms to analyze that data from thousands of trucks to predict when a part is likely to break down. This allows UPS to save millions in maintenance costs and prolong the life of their vehicles (Forbes, 2015). Predictive analytics was used as part of the problem solving strategy. Fleet GPS tracking and telematics is used in over 11,000 delivery vehicles to collect data. Currently UPS has plans to...
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...Brian Anderson Case Analysis 3 - Personal Navigation Devices (PNDs) TM583 10/2/2010 1. Why have Personal Navigation Devices become popular? What technologies are required to facilitate the success of PNDs? PND’s have become very popular in both handheld and vehicle models. These personal devices allow the users to not only determine where they need to go but also where they are and most have a memory which allows the user to save locations to their favorites. If they are connected to the internet they can be updated regularly with new locations to search for within their memory like restaurant’s, gas stations, and various other stores and community locations. PND’s work using GPS navigation satellites to gain their respective GSP coordinates. With these coordinates the internal system can place them on the map that have been installed within the PND and shows the user where they are in relation to other locations and can even give the best path from point A to point B. 2. Who are some of the leaders in PNDs? What are the likely factors that will contribute to winning in this marketplace? Among the top PND’s are Garmin, Tom Tom, Magellan, and Motorola. The PND that I have had personal experience with would be the Garmin. Garmin produces rugged hand held models that are perfect for camping, hunting and hiking. They normally come equipped with forest roads and other off the beaten track maps that the vehicle models do not contain. To win in this market the PND...
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...U5014042 ENGN2226 Portfolio Analysis of the Impact of Replacing Out-dated GPS Devices in a Taxi Fleet Name: Samuel Stefopoulos Student ID: u5014042 Course name: Engineering Systems Analysis Course code: ENGN2226 Lecturer: Chris Browne Assessment piece: Individual Portfolio Date submitted: 25th October 2013 U5014042 ENGN2226 Portfolio Summary GPS devices have become increasingly common due to the advancements of electronics. They can now be hand-held and are highly prominent on roads. This is particularly noticeable in taxis, as most cabs are now fitted with some form of GPS device and many fleets have enforced mandatory GPS policies. This document analyses the impact and worth of refitting a fleet of taxis the size of Canberra Cabs with new portable GPS devices. A series of systems analysis techniques were applied in the analysis of the devices in order to reduce the complexity of the components. A major period of device improvement was identified as the time between 2007 and 2009 based on a diffusion of innovations analysis. The analysis of two particular devices, the TomTom XL 310 (2007) and the Garmin Nuvi 1350 (2009), were used as a comparative measure of the improvements made in the time period. The devices chosen for analysis were ergonomically assessed in terms of their user interface. The major factors improved were found to be the prediction of text and consistency with other devices users may be familiar with. An experiment was then designed and performed to...
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...性能、安全或控制無直接關係，包含綜合車載機、衛星導航系統、 影音娛樂系統等。 汽車電子零組件包含 IC 零組件、中央處理器(CPU)、記憶體、 微電腦控制器以及各類感測器等基礎元件。廣泛的汽車電子產業涵 蓋引擎/傳動系統(如電子點火系統、自動變速箱等)、懸吊/底盤系統 (包括動力方向盤、底盤控制、ABS 煞車系統等)、車身系統(包括車 燈、空調、天窗等)、車載資訊與通信、主動或被動安全系統(包括 安全氣囊、防碰撞雷達等)與防盜保全系統六大部分。 (二 )汽 車 電 子 產 品 分 類 汽車電子關聯產品與技術分類，係整合關鍵零組件如感測器、 微電腦控制器、影像與顯示器(Camera & Display)、致動器、半導體、 2 功率元件(Power Devices)等關鍵零組件；依其特性應用於智慧型車 輛的車體、引擎/傳動、主動/被動安全、保全、車載資訊與通信、電 力電子控制、懸吊與底盤系統等。 汽車電子關聯產品與技術分類的實例有(1)車體：如 LED 前車 燈 ； (2)引 擎 /傳 動系 統：電 子控制燃 料噴射 ； (3)主動 、被動 安全 (Active、 passive safety)：如適應性定速巡航系統 (Adaptive Cruise Control System，ACC)、適應性前燈照明系統(Adaptive Front Light System，AFS)、智慧型安全氣囊(Smart Airbag)、胎壓監測系統(Tire Pressure Monitoring System，TPMS)、導車雷達等；(4)保全(Security)： 無鑰進入系統(Keyless entry)；(5)車載資訊與通信(Telematics)：衛星 導航等各式車載機(GPS & Navigation & ETC On Board Unit)、抬頭 顯示器(Head Up Display，HUD)、夜視系統(Night Vision System， NVS)、車載影音娛樂系統等；(6)電力電子：如複合動力車(Hybrid Electric Vehicles ， HEV) 、 燃 料 電 池 電 動 車 (Fuel...
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...various wireless technologies to control, monitor and track the mobile assets. The tracking scenarios are boosted by the invention of Radio Frequency Identification (RFID), Global Packet Radio Service (GPRS) and Global Positioning System (GPS). By making using the above specified technologies, one can trace the movements of the security vehicle or even cash-box efficiently with graphical maps and location information stored in the backend database. If the theft of cash-box is detected, tracking system can be activated to trace the path of cash-box. Once tracked and located, through the monitoring system, we can easily retrieve it or even catch the criminals. This assignment discuss the above issue of detecting and tracking the cash-box by using wireless technologies like RFID, GPS, GSM, GPRS and EGNOS. GPRS serves as the communication backbone of the system while GPS/EGNOS plays the role of locating the box and RFID is used for theft detection. The assignment also briefly describes the technologies used in the system, its benefits and disadvantages and technical and security drawbacks. Finally a framework is developed by making use of above listed technologies to perform the required task. Intentional Jamming: This is one way of denying the GPS signals by jamming the signals using Radio Frequency interference. It is found to have been...
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...airport, parking lot and then explain business to them. Driver deposits Rs.10000. as a refundable deposit and undergoes a training. MERU buys the car and gives it to the driver. The driver is not an employee of MERU MERU trains the drivers on soft skills. Basic qualifications for the driver are a minimum experience on the city roads and with a basic knowledge of reading addresses in English. The fuel cost has to be borne by the driver The maintenance of the car is taken care by MERU MERU helps the drivers by providing the booking to drivers through their call centers. The driver is free to take passengers if he doesn’t get calls from the call centers The driver is assigned a ride from the call centre by tracking his presence through the GPS navigation system and hence he can NOT ignore the call centre’s trip assignment. In return the driver provides Rs. 900 - 1100 per day to MERU . Note, it is a per day charge and not a per call charge, which is means that even if the driver does not get a call from MERU on a particular day he has to pay Rs.900 to 1100 as “rent” for using the car. Whatever the driver earns above these is his own income (Expected income of Rs. 500 to 1000 per day). What are the different aspects of Service Blueprinting that are applicable to Meru? | Customer Aquisition | Booking Management | CAB Delivery | Service Delivery | Physical Evidence | Voice call, SMS | SMS, Internet confirmation | CAB | Printed receiptgiven tocustomer aftertrip. Meruknows...
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...Global Positioning System (GPS) receivers and radios are of immense use even at an unassuming place such as an amusement park. This case study discusses how a family with children visited Disneyland and Disney's California Adventure Park taking along with them a GPS receiver. This GPS receiver was a Garmin seventy six cs, and came with four GPS radios that were Rino five hundred and twenty HCx. The family initially used the GPS receiver with the standard basemap, and later with the StoneMaps. The case study tries to understand how the family used these units and made good use of the radios. These radios turned out most useful as a means of communications given they were often in a crowd and split up from time to time to explore different amusements. The GPS receiver was also a help because children tended to wander away. The paper highlights how the equipment maximized the family's time and fun by offering a ready guide around the place, activities and a tracking and communication system that involved the children as well. It discusses the details offered on the maps. The paper points out that the maps are uncluttered and they are visually clear and appealing on a color screen. The available maps are also compatible with older units. They offer an overview when zoomed out and display details when zoomed in. The paper also offers details on the waterproof features of the Rino GPS units along with the carry a backlight for use at night...
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...Independent Equity Research AskAnalyst.com Chisinau, Moldova info@askanalyst.com +373-796-24706 Initiation of Coverage 26 September 2005 TomTom NV Eurolist: “TOM2” Rating: Buy Price target: 45.9 EUR Quote 52-Week Range Recent Price Market Cap Shares Outstanding 09/26/05 35.86 $3,673.0 Mn 102.4 Mn € ’mn Revenue EBITDA Net Income Total Assets Total Debt Shareholders’ Equity Debt/Equity ROE ROA EPS P/E 2003A € 39.1 10.4 6.2 21.0 0.0 7.6 0.0 134% 48% € 0.06 2004A € 192.4 44.5 27.7 91.1 0.0 37.8 0.0 122% 49% € 0.26 2005E € 562.7 131.4 95.5 399.2 0.0 249.6 0.0 66% 39% € 0.86 41.8 2006E € 1,115.4 244.6 170.6 698.3 0.0 422.2 0.0 51% 31% € 1.53 23.5 We are initiating coverage of TomTom with BUY rating. The company has entered the commercialization phase after several years of development and reported tremendous growth of revenue, profits and cash flows. The company has the right product in the right place and at the right time, excellent operating and distribution capabilities, strong management team and a skyrocketing market. In addition, the company has excellent opportunities to outperform the market in terms of growth, as currently it is the leader on the European market, has the best product according to various research entities and sufficient cash resources to acquire smaller competitors and to finance the growth. TomTom’s expansion initiatives will provide it with stronger revenue streams from U.S., Australia, Eastern Europe and Asia. Moreover, TomTom has developed...
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