...5 Gauss line = 5 mT = 0.005 T Average background radiation dose to US citizen = 300 mrem Consider therapeutic abortion if dose to fetus > 10 rad (0.1 Gy) To categorize area as restricted from general public, average dose rate > 2 mrem/hr If Tc99m is given to lactating female, cease breast-feeding for 4 days Terminate breast-feeding altogether after administration of I131 or Ga67 Test for Mo99 contamination in Tc99m samples by using a dose calibrator Use thin layer chromatography to test for free Tc in Tc99m Use colorimeter to test for Al in Tc99m MDP White label I < 0.5 mrem Yellow < 50 mrem/hr – AND – not > 1 mrem/hr @ 1 meter Yellow III > 50 mrem/hr – OR – > 1 mrem/hr @ 1 meter Maximum allowable exposure to family members of patients with I131 = 5 mSv Risk for congenital defects from radiation to general population significantly increases > 15 rad (150 mGy) Radiotherapy dose must be > 20% to report to NRC A well counter does not use a gas-filled chamber to detect radiation levels Mo99/Tc99m generator operates on principle of transient equilibrium and is state where daughter radionuclide is short than that of parent radionuclide In secular equilibrium, radioactive daughter’s decay rate is balanced by own decay rate Risk of congenital defects to fetus significantly increases > 100 mGy Annual occupational dose equivalent limit to single organ in radiation worker = 50000 mrem (500 mSv). NaI123 has t1/2 = 13.2 hr Theraspheres used...
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...Lauren Sims Mrs.Cordon Literature October 10, 2014 The American Quarter Horse Some horses are great at jumping, some at dressage, and some at western, but did you know there is one horse that can do it all? The American Quarter Horse, also known as the “Do it all horse”, can really do it all! They can do everything from racing, jumping, and dressage, to reining, barrel racing, and other rodeo events. That is why the American Quarter Horse is the most popular breed in the U.S! Please keep reading to learn more about the American Quarter Horse. When the Spanish explorers came to America in the 16th century they brought their horses. The Spanish horses were called Jennets. Jennets were short, stocky, and muscular. Although they were short, they were quick, dependable, and very intelligent. The population of Jennets increased and increased. The Spanish would either keep them for herding cattle or trade them to Native American tribes that would use them for hunting. Some jennets were wild and are called mustangs. In the 17th century the English came to America, they built colonies along the east coast and they also brought their horses. The English horses are called Thoroughbreds. They were tall, skinny, had long legs, and were also very fast. The Thoroughbreds also had a lot of work, they were saddled for long rides, used for pulling plows, heavy loads, and sometimes hitched to wagons. It wasn't long after the Thoroughbreds arrived that they started breeding them with the jennets...
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...Importance of Radiation Safety in Computed Tomography Advances in computed tomography (CT) technology have continued to open new clinical applications, including several procedures for evaluating heart disease. The speed with which CT technology is changing is somewhat unparalleled in medical imaging. The equipment is becoming faster and faster. In the 1990s, a patient had to remain in a CT gantry for a period of approximately 10 minutes for a chest CT, whereas now it takes a few seconds to scan the entire chest. This may give the impression that radiation dose in CT is small, which is not the case. To give an example, a typical chest CT can impart a radiation dose equivalent to hundreds of chest radiographs. The offshoot of higher speed is that shoulder to pelvic scans or even head to pelvic scans are becoming more common, and this is raising questions of justification. Repeat scans on the same patients are also not uncommon. It is becoming clear that many CT examinations (typically one third) are unjustified and can be avoided through appropriate clinical judgment. There is no doubt that newer technology has increased the usefulness of CT examinations in areas where earlier there was little justification of CT. It has been documented that radiation dose to the patient can be reduced significantly through optimization actions. However, repeated examination on the same patient, or examination on a child or pregnant woman, requires a higher level of attention to radiation...
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...PARENTING STYLES Developmental psychologists have long been interested in how parents impact child development. However, finding actual cause-and-effect links between specific actions of parents and later behavior of children is very difficult. Some children raised in dramatically different environments can later grow up to have remarkably similar personalities. Conversely, children who share a home and are raised in the same environment can grow up to have astonishingly different personalities than one another. Despite these challenges, researchers have uncovered convincing links between parenting styles and the effects these styles have on children. During the early 1960s, psychologist Diana Baumrind conducted a study on more than 100 preschool-age children (Baumrind, 1967). Using naturalistic observation, parental interviews and other research methods, she identified four important dimensions of parenting: * Disciplinary strategies * Warmth and nurturance * Communication styles * Expectations of maturity and control Based on these dimensions, Baumrind suggested that the majority of parents display one of three different parenting styles. Further research by also suggested the addition of a fourth parenting style (Maccoby & Martin, 1983). The Four Parenting Styles 1. Authoritarian Parenting In this style of parenting, children are expected to follow the strict rules established by the parents. Failure to follow such rules usually results in punishment...
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...Shaunya Fraysher Arabians LTD began as a tax deduction with five Straight Egyptian Arabian mares used for breeding in the 1970s. This company has become the world’s leading breeder of these rare horses. Arabians LTD enjoys annual net income of approximately 1 million dollars, not bad for a couple who started out looking for a tax break. Currently they market mostly oversees in Israel, Egypt, Saudi Arabia, and other countries in the Mid-East. Here in America their marketing is limited to Arabian horse magazines. This is the most efficient marketing campaign for the company at this time; however, I see opportunities for advancement. Egyptian Arabians are so rare that if not for being in captivity they would be on the endangered species list. This breed is the oldest know horse, both archeologically and recorded breeding, in the world. After all, who has not admired the hoses of the Pharaohs? Every horse must be able to have its ancestry traced to the Egyptian desert, wild caught prior to the early 1800s. No intentional breeding for physical characteristics other than that of the originals is permitted. In 2006, there were 17,000 true SE Arabians in the world. Using this as a marketing strategy here in the US could potentially bring in new investors who might invest for this reason. Expanding the advertisements into other horse magazines, web sites, and social media adds expressing the need to save this breed could potentially bring in financing or purchasers wanting to help “save”...
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...Full Size or Compact The love people have for horses have been around for centuries. There are many breeds of horses; the most popular is the Quarter Horse. Over the years a smaller breed of the Quarter Horse has emerged, the Quarter Pony. There is certain criteria a Quarter Horse must have, the Quarter Pony must meet certain criteria, and since the Quarter Pony comes from the Quarter Horse breed the two are alike and different. Even though the Quarter Pony is a small replica of the Quarter Horse, the Quarter Horse is one of the most recognized horse breeds in America. The Quarter Horse has certain criteria it must have to be considered for registration with the American Quarter Horse Association (AQHA). The following is some of the AQHA regulations that are required (AQHA, 2011). The horse must be 14.2 Hands High (HH) or taller, but not over 15.3 HH, must be from a bloodline of registered Quarter Horses (mother and father must be registered with the AQHA), the horse must be one of the 17 basic Quarter Horse coat colors, and must be tall, muscular, lean, and fast. The quarter Pony has certain criteria it must meet to register with the International Quarter Pony Association (IQPA). The following is some of the IQPA regulations that are required (IQPA, 2011). The horse is required to be under 14.2 HH and over 11.2 HH, must come from one parent that is registered with the AQHA (the mother or father must be registered with the AQHA), the horse does not have to be one...
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...RAD 205 Scoliosis Problem Set 9/23/13 In RAD 205 you will be provided with an example calculation of the organ dose to a patient’s liver for one PA projections for scoliosis. The example assumes the exposure was made with 50 mAs at 90 kVp. For this Problem Set, recalculate the organ dose assuming the exposure was made with 20 mAs at 90 kVp. This assignment is organized into a series of problems. Each problem is worth 3 points (one point for correct equation, one for correct work, and one for the final answer). The example problem below illustrates what is expected. This example problem would earn 3 of 3 possible points. Example problem: If an exposure is measured at 25 milliRoentgen, what is the exposure in units of Roentgen? Equation(s): Show your work: State your answer: The problems that you are to solve are listed below. Refer to the class handout titled “RAD 205 Effective Dose to Patients in Diagnostic Radiography” as you work through these problems. 1 RAD 205 Scoliosis Problem Set 9/23/13 Problem 1. What is the Entrance Skin Exposure? Refer to page 3 of the handout and show your work on the nomogram at right. Equation(s): none for this problem. Use the nomogram instead of an equation. Show your work: Use a straight edge to draw a line starting at 90 kVp on the axis at the far right and ending at approximately 20 mAs at the axis on the left. Find the point at which your line crosses the axis in the middle (ESE). Read the approximate ESE...
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...The reinvention of the new “Orient Woman” According to Said, “Oritentalism”, the colonial stereotype is a complex and contradictory process. It arises due to the fear of miscegenation, yet the “other” is prefigured as being simultaneously an object of fear and desire. The “other”, on one hand, a subject of suppressed, disgust and discrimination, the other, it is a dream, fantasy, obsessions and desire. Therefore, it is fair to infer that the Orient is not a property of bodies or something originally existent in human beings; rather it is the social construct. Specifically, it is the product of the society’s dominant class – the Whites, the master- narrative. Racial differences have been used as a basis for racial stereotypes, for instance the White “norm” versus Non-white people. It is clear that racial identity is marked on skin. It is undeniable that some stereotypes do/might have a basis of truth, however such stereotypes do not take into the account of differences among the Orient. It is out of fear and apprehensiveness that lead to the birth of such unjust stereotypes, the film “Memoirs of a Geisha” directed by Rob Marshall highlights the irony of the stereotypes resulting in fragmentations of identity. “Memoirs of a Geisha” (Marshall, 2005) offers an interesting twist to our typical story-telling, the women are no longer silenced, and the story is told through the voice of a woman (though written by a male...
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...now they live in a house in Cardiff, Wales in England. Anuj has lived there for six years, and Lata for one year and five months. Lata is not felling familiar in her new town, she misses her home in India, and she and Anuj are trying to make their marriage work. The story begins when Lata finds the day boring and wants to do something else. Anuj takes her to see a Bollywood-film. While waiting for Anuj to buy the tickets, Lata sees some young girls, dressed different then her self, and she fells like she doesn’t belong. The Bollywood-film take place in Latas old town in India, and she is completely engrossed the whole movie. But when the movie ends, Lata is brought back to the reality of her new life, and she gets upset. Analysis (characters, setting, narrator, themes): Lata: She is i young girl, born in India, who has moved to England, Wales, one year ago, to marry Anuj, by arranged marriage. She is insecure about her new life with Anuj, in a world that is totally different then the one she was used to. Lata is a clever girl, but she is very humble towards her husband, because she really wants him to like her. Yet she does not love him, but she is trying. Anuj: He is also born in India, he moved to England five years ago. He is a calm and affectionate husband, but he does not really know how Lata is feeling. Maybe because she isn't telling him her thoughts, and maybe because he quite can't figure her out. Anuj has fully accepted his life in England, and wish for...
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...allows reader’s to see through the eyes of a teenager in his story “A&P”. The story begins with Sammy, a young clerk who becomes fascinated with the arrival of three girls in his store. The girl that grabs his attention the most is Queenie, by carefully observing her walk through the aisles and talk to her friends, he goes through a tremendous change in his character. At first, Updike shows us the immature side of Sammy, he quotes “The one that caught my eye first was the one in the plaid green two-piece…where the sun never seems to hit, at the top of the backs of her legs” (pg. 835), this shows the reader that Sammy is immature concentrating on the girls instead of doing his job. However, as we go further into the story, his somewhat obsession for Queenie leads him to question his own life. His feelings become so powerful that he forms his own conclusions about Queenie and her life and wonders if he could be part of that life too. When the girls finally approach the register, they are embarrassed by Lengel. This angers Sammy and causes him to change from an immature teenager to a person who takes a stand for what he believes is wrong. Queenie was the catalyst in Sammy’s journey to maturity. After Sammy quits, he makes his way into the parking lot only to realize the girls are long gone. "His face was dark gray and his back stiff, as if he's just had an injection of iron, and my stomach kind of felt how hard the world was going to be to me...
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...clear distinction between the toys section for girls and the section for boys. Aside from the obvious pink and blue differences, there are also certain aspects that aren’t so apparent that differentiate the two genders. Companies use subliminal tactics in gender separation of toys, as well as blatant signs of what gender they expect will be using a certain toy. You can tell the difference between the toy sections in a quick glance. The color scheme of the girls is bright and pink, which give it a happy and positive atmosphere. The color scheme of the boys section is much darker and almost exclusively gray, navy, or black. Their toys also have more sounds in the packaging that are loud. This...
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...When you think of a gift for a little girl, what comes to mind? A Disney Princess DVD? A mountain of pink cupcakes? A toy convertible for Barbie? These are the things that most of us have come to believe that all girls like. These are also the products marketers have created for girls… Notwithstanding the foregoing, there is an ongoing debate about gender-based marketing and in particular with gender-based marketing being focused on young children. . One of the events that triggered this debate was when LEGO came out with a product line for girls called Friends. The TV ad shows wonderful town of Heartlake where “Stephanie” and her friends get to enjoy “all the things girls love”: interior decorating, getting pedicures and baking cupcakes. The sets feature taller and shapelier feminine figurines that lock into pink, purple and pastel green settings, such as a dream house, a splash pool and a beauty shop. LEGO has created this product based on four years of behavioral research. This research purportedly led them to the conclusion that girls like everything pink, romantic and cute [5]. The product has generated outrage. The company was accused by many parents of feeding kids the gender stereotypes and locking them in to blue and pink roles in very young age. Marketing to children is even more of a grey area than marketing to women. When it comes to child psychology the foundation of any debate is the question as to whether their tastes are a product of either nature or...
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...the beginning, the advert implicitly position women as little girls when Portman is shown strolling on the street, wearing a strapless ‘floral’ frock. Traditionally speaking, floral printed dresses or princess like dresses are known to be the ‘norm’ clothing for little girls. Advertisements such as this, are incessantly attempting to blur the lines between a ‘woman’ and a ‘girl’ through the manner by which they dress and appear. Jacopo Bernardini explains it well as he documents that the “adult uniform no longer exist”, women are in thrall of “an industry that no longer dress...
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...One morning the girl awakes in a panic, thinking she is going to be late for school. She gets herself dressed and quietly slips out of the house undetected by anyone. She is in a panic to get to school. Barry writes, “All I knew was a feeling of panic, like the panic that strikes kids when they realize they are lost” (Barry 857). However, this little girl is not lost. The only place she feels safe and wanted is at school. Once she arrives at the school she helps the janitor with his morning routine. Then her teacher arrives, and the girl runs to the teacher crying and looking for comfort. There are many broken families in this country, which forces some children into adulthood much sooner than they should be. A parents’ role is to care for and pave the path into adulthood for their children. In Barry’s work, the young girl’s parents are not there for her. Therefore, she looks to her teachers and school “family” for that guidance. Barry’s narrative alludes to a decline in family values as well as the removal...
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...The Price of Desire “I do not consider myself to be a follower, just a lonely deserted soul in a barbaric city, who walks his own treacherous path in life.” (McGready, 10) I, like many women before me covet love deep in my soul. I have gone to many lengths to protect that desire from those that seek to destroy it, at a price only I will know. An all consuming desire so strong as to change the course of the soul, back into ones self. How far will one go for the craving of love? What part of your soul will you be willing to sacrifice in exchange for the need to fill the void in your heart? When we look at stories about desperate love and the longing of the human heart we might look at William Faulkner. Born in 1897 into an old Mississippian family, the reader may find that most of his stories focus on the vast emotions that one feels when trying to understand the heart and the soul in small town southern life. “A Rose for Emily” written by Faulkner in 1950, tells the story of a proud southern belle robbed of her chances for love and to belong, by an overbearing father and a culture so stifling as to lock her away her with desire forever. Faulkner writes this story from an objective point of view as the reader is told only what Miss Emily does with her life as it is picked apart by the town gossip. “The Griersons held themselves a little too high”, as most would say and Miss Emily, a well bred southern daughter, described as “a slender figure in white”, (Faulkner...
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