...UNDERSTANDING THE EFFECTS AND PROVIDING A USEFUL SOLUTION REGARDING GLOBAL WARMING IN CONNECTION TO GAS LAWS A Term Paper Regarding Issues and Concerns about Gas Laws Louie Alison Bernal III- Boyle I. Introduction Background of the Study Global warming refers to an unequivocal and continuing rise in the average temperature of Earth's climate system Nowadays, as technology rises, the issues regarding global warming also rises. The machineries, factories, automobiles, and even gadgets play important role in the production of gases that contributes to global warming. In these days, the earth continues to face lots of problems regarding gases. One of this is global warming. Producing solution to the said issue became a must. But unfortunately, scientists cannot find a solution to it. . Statement of the Problem This project is designed to produce a solution to minimize the effects of Global Warming. It specifically sought to answer the following questions: 1. Can the researcher produce a good solution to minimize the effects of global warming? 2. Is the solution effective? Significance of the Study Global climate change has already had observable effects on the environment. Glaciers have shrunk, ice on rivers and lakes is breaking up earlier, plant and animal ranges have shifted and trees are flowering sooner...
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...Exam Question: Is it fair for the developed countries to expect the developing countries to limit their greenhouse gas emissions? [10 marks] Global warming is the gradual increase in the average temperature of the earth’ s atmosphere, generally attributed to the greenhouse effect caused by increased levels of pollution due to industrailisation, deforestation and the burning of fossil fuels to generate energy. Developed countries such as North America demand the developing countries to reduce greenhouse gas emissions. This has become an issue for developing countries as they finally have a chance to improve their own economic development like the developed countries had however they are being stopped from development. Most Economic Developed Countries [MEDC’s] pollute the most however they’re the least vulnerable to climate change. North America emitted between 1000- 1600 million metric tons of CO2 in the year 2000 making them the least vulnerable to climate change. Over the years MEDC’s have contributed to global warming as they were developing themselves however recently they’re slowly contributing less, since the year 2000 the percentage of global gas emissions of CO2 has decreased by 6% over the course of 10 years. As MEDC’s have already developed they have the money to invest in renewable energy resources to generate energy that contributes very little to global warming, investing in renewable energy could increase MEDC’s wealth further by selling the energy generated...
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...The Greenhouse Effect Introduction Greenhouse effect refers to an atmospheric process by which short wavelenghts of the visible light from the sun pass through the atmosphere where they are absorbed or trapped. However, part of light emitted from the sun in form of long wave is re-radiated from heated objects on the earth’s surface in to the atmosphere. Presence of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere does not allow the radiations to pass through. The greenhouse gas molecules are more complex than any air molecule and their structure has high heat absorption capacity. The heat radiated back to the earth’s surface to modulate its temperature. According to Parsons, this process is essential in order to support life. if this does not occur, the temperatures on the earth surface would be below freezing point and plant or animal life would be supported. However, human activities in the past centuries have increased the concentration of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere which in turn have increased the average temperature on the earth’s surface. Greenhouse gases include water vapor, carbon dioxide, nitrous oxide and methane. According to a report released by IPCC in 2007, there was a significant increase in production of greenhouse gases between the 19th and 20th century. However, in the context of this paper greenhouse effect will be deciphered via different notions. Discussion Increase in Effect Increase in population has led to increased transportation and manufacturing. This...
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...electric power plants. Electricity is considered as the main factor causing CO2. The reliable prediction is given that manufacturing electricity in the future will cause the increase CO2 emissions from 10 billion tonnes per year to 12.5 billion tonnes per year (Climate Change – The Science. 2014) . The high Carbon dioxide rate directly effects on the changing of climate process. Human-related emissions are responsible for the increase that has occurred in the atmosphere since the industrial revolution by counting more CO2 to the atmosphere and by influencing the ability of natural sinks to remove CO2 from the atmosphere. In addition, burning fossil fuels (coal, oil, and natural gas) has become one of the main sources producing Greenhouse gas. The dominant product of fossil fuel combustion is greenhouse gas. A recent research presented that the...
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...with the help of experts, we will address all of these areas involved with today’s climate change. It is hard to pin point one exact cause for climate change because in reality there are many things that contribute to it. Al Gore points out in his speech that the burning of fossil fuels, namely coal, is the main reason that we are observing global warming. (Gore, 2009) According to the EPA, the electricity we create today by burning these fossil fuels accounted for thirty-two percent of greenhouse gas emissions in 2012. Although burning coal and fossil fuels is the number one source of greenhouse gas emissions, a surprising factor to climate change is the fact that agriculture makes up for nearly ten percent of greenhouse gas emissions. Agricultural emissions come from sources such as agricultural soils, rice production, as well as livestock, such as cows. (Environmental Protection Agency, 2012) Environmental author Anna Lappé also notes agriculture as being a large source of the greenhouse gas emissions weakening our planets health. Lappé explains how agriculture is affecting climate change and why it is becoming a problem by stating: “Since New Guineans developed taro production eight thousand years ago and the Chinese started growing rice four thousand years ago, methane has been released during food cultivation. Since ruminants, like cows evolved to chomp grass, these animals have emitted methane in the natural process of...
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...In its recently released Fourth Assessment Report, the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, 1,300 independent scientific experts from different countries around the world are grouped together under the patronage of the United Nations to study the global warming issue and they concluded that there is a more than 90 percent probability that the Earth have been warmed due to various number of human activities over the past 250 years (NASA, n.d.). Global warming should be considered as the greatest threats that affects the existence of mankind on Earth because of several reasons such as the greenhouse effect, tropical deforestation and the melting of icebergs and glaciers. One of the major considerations of global warming is the...
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...Introduction The issue of greenhouse gases and global warming is one that has been a concern for the populace in recent years. We know that the earth has experienced a general warming that is evident in many forms throughout the world. The argument however, lies in whether the global warming is a result of greenhouse gases coming directly from human actions, or if the warming is a natural occurrence within the earth. This paper will examine both sides of the argument to show that while the earth does have natural variations, that human actions are responsible for the rapidness of recent growth, and that we need to start taking action now. What is Global Warming? Global warming is a trend that shows is that the earth is warming. Global average temperature data based on measurements that date back to 1880. “Based on data from the U.S. National Climatic Data Center, the 27 warmest years since 1880 all occurred in the 30 years from 1980 to 2009; the warmest year was 2005 followed closely by 1998” (Turk, J., & Bensel, T.,2011, sect. 7.2). Over the past 50 years, the data on extreme temperatures have shown similar trends of rising temperatures: cold days, cold nights, and frosts occurred less frequently over time, while hot days, hot nights, and heat waves occurred more frequently. The Gases that trap heat in the atmosphere are called greenhouse gases (United States Environmental Protection Agency, n.d.). The main gasses that are emitted are carbon dioxide (CO2), methane...
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...Increases in average temperatures have been seen around the globe and there is new and stronger evidence that most of the warming observed in the last 50 years is due to human activities. While climate change is a global issue, it will affect us all. Climate change has the potential to adversely affect our environment, our communities and our economy unless we take action now to reduce our greenhouse gas emissions and prepare for the impacts. Climate change will alter global and local climates. In Victoria, this means a warmer and drier future, with an increasing likelihood of more extreme events such as heatwaves, bushfires and storm surges. Climate change is the greatest threat facing our planet today. A warming planet alters weather patterns, water supplies, seasonal growth for plants and a sustainable way of life for us and the world’s wildlife. Climate change has already started, but it’s not too late to take action. There’s still time for us all to be part of the solution. A continuous flow of energy from the sun heats the Earth. Naturally occurring gases in the atmosphere, known as greenhouse gases – this includes carbon dioxide (CO2) - , trap this heat like a blanket, keeping the Earth at an average of 15 degrees Celsius – warm enough to sustain life. The overuse of fossil fuels is increasing CO2 in the atmosphere, trapping more and more heat and warming the Earth. As a result, we’re seeing more dramatic weather patterns across the globe resulting in devastating natural...
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...University of Phoenix MGT/470-Sustainable Enterprise Planning Instructor: May 28, 2011 Identifying Sustainability Plan Effect Princeton University has hired me as a consultant to offer my assistance in putting together a sustainability plan that focuses on greenhouse gas. But first, I feel that it is imperative to identify greenhouse gas. What Are Greenhouse Gases? Many chemical compounds found in the Earth’s atmosphere act as “greenhouse gases.” These gases allow sunlight to enter the atmosphere freely. When sunlight strikes the Earth’s surface, some of it is reflected back towards space as infrared radiation (heat). Greenhouse gases absorb this infrared radiation and trap the heat in the atmosphere. Over time, the amount of energy sent from the sun to the Earth’s surface should be about the same as the amount of energy radiated back into space, leaving the temperature of the Earth’s surface roughly constant (EIA, 2002)." The purpose of this report is to implement a plan that focuses on greenhouse gases. This report will include a sustainable plan that will include the overall Princeton's strategy, the organization, and the people. Overall Business Strategy Our global climate is being disrupted and impacted by human activities. There hasn't been a disruption of this nature since the Industrial Revolution. We are being counseled by scientist to change our behaviors and seek corrective actions. This must be done within the decade to...
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...1. Introduction: The 2015 United Nations Climate Change Conference, COP 21 or CMP 11 was held in Paris, France, from 30 November to 12 December 2015. It was the 21st yearly session of the Conference of the Parties to the 1992 United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) and the 11th session of the Meeting of the Parties to the 1997 Kyoto Protocol. The conference reached its objective, to for the first time achieve a global agreement on reduction of greenhouse emission in the Paris Agreement, which was adopted with acclamation by nearly all states. The agreement will become legally binding if at least 55 countries that represent at least 55 percent of global greenhouse emissions become a party to it through signature followed by ratification, acceptance, approval or through accession in New York between 22 April 2016 to 21 April 2017. It is expected to take effect in 2020. According to the organizing committee, the expected key result was to limit the global warming, by 2100, compared to pre-industrial to below 2 degrees Celsius. The goal to limit temperature increase with 2 degrees was however supplemented in the adopted version of the Paris Agreement, with the statement that parties "pursue to" limit the temperature increase to 1.5 degrees Celsius. A 1.5°C goal will require a zero level in emissions sometimes between 2030 and 2050 according to some scientists. However, no detailed time plan or country-specific goals for emissions were stated in the final...
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...variability or as a result of human activity (Parry M.L et al. 2007, p.13). The world’s urban population will rapid increase in the next few year, so the negative effects caused by climate change in cities should be solved necessarily. This essay outlines the major negative impacts by climate change, and evaluates three possible solving measures in many developing countries. The essay argues that three effective solutions are able to solve the problems of climate change in developing countries. Climate change negatively affects the urban in developing countries. The first environmental effect of climate change is a rising sea level. Rosenzweig et al. (2010, p.910) survey that city should obviously contributed to 71% of global energy-related greenhouse-gas. Most chief cities in developing country are located in low altitudes or near the seaside, which are brought calamities by the climate change. As the world warming, the threat from the ocean level increase poses alarming for cities. A rising in sea level has the direct influences on urban areas such as beach erosion and soil loss (Hunt and Watkiss 2011, p. 17). The second impact of climate is extreme events, such as storms and drought, which not only causes threat to life but also economic losses. For example, ABI (cited in Hunt and Watkiss 2011, p.18) estimated that the 2080s there would be a 75% increase in costs of injured damage in a severe hurricane season in the USA. In addition, the possible economic...
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...energy, finding new ways of transportation, and changing the ways of agriculture Australia is capable of climate change. The greenhouse effect is heating up the earth when burning fossil fuels (Bender et al. 13-14). Most societies depend on electricity. Using electricity more efficiently will lead to reducing the electricity needed made by coal and will help slim down the greenhouse effect (ABC Science). The greenhouse effect is when carbon dioxide in the atmosphere has accumulated and absorbs the radiation that comes to earth leading to higher temperatures around the world (Silver and DeFries 13-14). There are many important ways to reduce how much energy we use. One way is to turn off lights when they are not in need. Another way is to turn off appliances like televisions when we do not use them and to do simple things like taking a shower instead of a bath. “The science is clear: even if global emissions are cut rapidly from today, the impacts of climate change will continue to worsen until at least 2030 and these impacts will be borne most heavily by the world’s poorest countries.” (Hewett). Luster 2 Transportation is another thing that we need in order to thrive. “The transport sector contributes around 15% of Australia’s greenhouse gas emissions, with cars responsible for more than half of this.” (ABC Science). People can cut down greenhouse gas emissions that cause the Earth’s temperature to rise...
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...Introduction Environmental problem is one of the most concerns in 21st century. Australia has a great responsibility to reduce greenhouse emission as a global stakeholder. This report demonstrated the economic theory behind reducing carbon emissions and potential economic issues. First, a brief overview of Australia’s per capita carbon emissions is given, followed by explaining the relevant economic theory that underlies polices. Last but not least, an analysis of the potential economic issues is discussed. Australia’s emissions profile From the report, The Garnaut Climate Change Review, Garnaut （2008）pointed out that, Australia’s per capita carbon gas emissions are the highest of any OECD country and even are among the highest in the world. Statistic shows emissions were 28.1 tones carbon dioxide equivalent (CO2-e) per person in 2008. To be specific, Australia’s per capita emissions are nearly twice the OECD average and more than four times the world average. Economic theory and government policy A range of policies were introduced by government to achieve target reductions in carbon emissions sit. In order to ensure that 20 percent of Australia’s electricity supply comes from renewable sources by 2020, first the government launched a carbon market in Australian through carbon pricing mechanism and full emission trading scheme, followed by encourage expansion of renewable energy sources. The economic theory involved is that the goods and services produced by the government...
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...temperatures—are already taking place. Scientists are highly confident that many of these observed changes can be linked to the climbing levels of carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gases in our atmosphere, which are caused by human activities. There are a number of different forces which can influence the Earth's climate. When the sun gets brighter, the planet receives more energy and warms. When volcanoes erupt, they emit particles into the atmosphere which reflect sunlight, and the planet cools. When there are more greenhouse gases in the atmosphere, the planet warms. These effects are referred to as external forcings because by changing the planet's energy balance, they force climate to change. It is obviously true that past climate change was caused by natural forcings. However, to argue that this means we can't cause climate change is like arguing that humans can't start bushfires because in the past they've happened naturally. Greenhouse gas increases have caused climate change many times in Earth's history, and we are now adding greenhouse gases to the atmosphere at a increasingly rapid rate. Looking at the past gives us insight into how our climate responds to external forcings. Using ice cores, for instance, we can work out the degree of past temperature change, the level of solar activity, and the amount of greenhouse gases and volcanic dust in the atmosphere. From this, we can determine how temperature has changed due to past energy imbalances. What we have found, looking...
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...minimize it. Before one can claim responsibility or attempt to minimize global warming, they must understand what it is exactly. The discussion of global warming is all over the news, magazines, blogs, and internet so it must be a major issue. “Global warming is part of a long-term natural pattern or an effect of human industrial activity that has become a heated issue (Christiansen, 1995). This activity started in the 1990s. The greenhouse effect is generated by water vapor, carbon dioxide, and other gases in the atmosphere that reflect back heat radiating from the Earth’s surface. “Without the greenhouse effect, the average temperature on Earth would be about –18 degrees Celsius (0 degree Fahrenheit)” (Christiansen, 1995). In other words the planet’s temperature is warming and is causing the climate to change. As mentioned earlier, the greenhouse gases are carbon dioxide, methane, nitrous oxide and chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs).Together these gases act like the glass covering a greenhouse. For those who are familiar with a greenhouse, this effect also works by letting sunlight in, but blocking some of the infrared radiation from the earth's surface that...
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