...CRUDE OIL CRISIS SAVIOUR .. By focusing our attention from digging for more fossil fuel resources, if we focus it on producing vegetable oil using the land resources, we will greatly reduce the demand for petroleum products. .. Our engine is extremely VERSATILE, being able to run on diesel, bio-diesels, vegetable oils with very little change in power and efficiency. This will diversify the kind of fuels that can run a diesel engine and reduce the dependence on fossil fuels. • ECO-FRIENDLY .. No additional Carbon Oxides are emitted into the atmosphere. .. This is because only carbon stored in the plants seeds are released back in the atmosphere as carbon oxides. • COST SAVINGS .. Waste Vegetable oils cost an average of $0.30 per litre for filtering and is usually free of charge. Whereas diesel costs $1.243, saving a total of $0.943 per litre. Copyright © Singapore Polytechnic. All rights reserved. 3 • GREAT FUTURE SCOPE .. Internet research has shown that some oil from wild plants can be used to make bio-diesel and possibly used directly on a modified diesel engine. .. One such plant is Jatropha curcas, also called physic nut. The very oleaginous kernels can be used to make both bio-diesel and vegetable oil, to be used as motor and heating fuel. When properly irrigated, it procedures seeds during almost the whole year (in tropical regions with high humidity). In drier regions there are 2 peaks in seed production. .. By proving vegetable oil...
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...Fundamentals of Macroeconomics According to Colander (2013) gross domestic product, or GDP, “is the total market value of all final goods and services produced in an economy in a one-year period” (p.545). A major component of our GDP is groceries. Grocery purchases can have a tremendous effect on the economy and thus our GDP. The purchaser exchanges currency for their chosen items. The government gets a portion of the proceeds in taxes. The government then uses this tax revenue to fund the government. A large portion of the tax revenue funds entitlement programs such as welfare. Additionally tax revenue pays the salaries of government employees. Recipients of funds from entitlement programs as well as wage earning government employees in turn use those dollars on various expenditures that may include buying groceries. On the other side of equation the revenue the store generates from sales pays the salaries of its employees which starts the cycle over again. Additional monies are given to vendors of the products the store purchase for retail sales thus funding those companies, their employees and vendors with most everyone at every turn paying taxes. Prices tend to rise as spending increases. It is in essence a continuous cycle or movement of funds from one person or entity to another. During a recession households may reduce their spending on items such as grocery purchases by limiting their spending to the few items they deem necessary. When people start to...
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...prototypes or proofs-of-concept. b) Allowable Funding: * Prototype development * Proof-of-concept development * Business plans development * Purchase of market feasibility research * Search and registration of Intellectual Property (IP) * Surveys on concrete statistical data * Product sampling expenses * Industry Focus ICT * Mobile/wireless tech * Creative multimedia & content development * Shared services outsourcing * Hardware design * Software development (Bio-informatics, consumer productivity applications, data mining & business intelligence, electronic design automation, enterprise & business services, gaming & interactive entertainment, Internet & e-Commerce, networking, communications & connectivity, open source, operating systems, security) * Internet-based businesses Non-ICT * Biotechnology (Bio-informatics, Bio-chemicals, Bio-diagnostics tools, agriculture and food tech) * Advanced materials * Advanced manufacturing-related tech * Renewable energy / waste management / recycling tech * High-technology consumer & business products Others * Semi-conductors (manufacturing of integrated circuits, microprocessors, logic devices, chipsets, memory chips) * Life sciences (neuroscience, organic chemistry, potential drug target & method of treatment inventions, protein & nucleic acid-based inventions, small molecule...
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...PEST AND DISEASES OF PLANTATION CROPS PLP 5003 TITLE: SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT OF OIL PALM AS THE MAJOR PLANTATION CROP IN MALAYSIA GROUP 7: MOHD HARLIZAN BIN MOHAMAD DARUS GS32853 ADIBAH NOOR BINTI KHAIRUDDIN GS36223 SHAHFAHZIELAH BINTI SHAMRAN GS36066 SITI NOR ANIZAM BINTI ZAMRI GS38320 1.0 INTRODUCTION The oil palm, Elaeis guineensis was brought over to the Bogor Botanic Garden in the Island of Jawa, Indonesia from West Africa in 1848 (Polunin, 2004). It has been planted in almost 43 countries in tropical regions of Southeast Asia, Africa and South America. It was planted in Malaysia in 1896 much later after Indonesia (Yacob, 2005). Now, this crop has become major plantation crop in Malaysia contribute to palm oil industry. Palm oil industry is one of the most traded agriculture commodities in the world. In Malaysia, this industry has been an important agriculture in the economy for the past three decades. Malaysia is one of the major producer of palm oil in the world which contribute17.6 million tonnes respectively in 2009. Recently, concern over the environment impact people around the world keeps on talking about global warming, greenhouses effect, deforestation and other environment impact caused by human activities or improper development. Government and private sectors are being urged to commence all agriculture activities include oil palm within the concept of sustainable development. Therefore, sustainability becomes the main word uses...
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...enewable Energy technologies (RET) are amenable to adoption at different scales viz. a few hundred Megawatts to a few kilowatts and can be matched with end use requirements enabling their decentralized deployment. They can help promote sustainable development through increased opportunities for local employment, particularly the rural people and environmental improvement through reduced GHG emissions. Primary biomass combustion has been the main source of energy for India. According to the Integrated Energy Policy Report (2006), about 80 mtoe is currently used in the rural households. The Ministry of New and Renewable energy has estimated state-wise gross and net availability of agro residue for power generation through Biomass Resource Atlas. Projects based on both biomass combustion and biomass gasification technologies are promoted by the Ministry. Biomass based renewable energy has the potential to be at the forefront in India with the large amount of varied kinds of feedstock available, especially agricultural residues. Such projects will be sustainable with a viable business model. The lessons learnt from DESI Power project has been included in this issue. The recently launched Renewable Global Status Report 2009 is also featured here, which offers an optimistic picture about the global renewable energy industry, including the biomass sector and especially covers India’s Remote Village Electrification program that has been successful and continues to progress ...
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...Nestle India Limited Financial Analysts’ Meet November 29, 2006 Financial Analysts Meet, Nov 29, 2006 Agenda Introduction & CSR Martial Rolland Financials Shobinder Duggal Questions & Answers All Financial Analysts Meet, Nov 29, 2006 Disclaimer This presentation may contain statements which reflect Management’s current views and estimates and could be construed as forward looking statements. The future involves certain risks and uncertainties that could cause actual results to differ materially from the current views being expressed. Potential risks and uncertainties include factors such as general economic conditions, availability and prices of commodities, competitive products and pricing pressures and regulatory developments etc. Responses can only be given to questions, which are not price sensitive. Financial Analysts Meet, Nov 29, 2006 Introduction & CSR Financial Analysts Meet, Nov 29, 2006 An example of CSR Nestlé Milk District Model 45 years of a progressive partnership with farmers FINANCIAL ANALYSTS MEET 29.11.06 Financial Analysts Meet, Nov 29, 2006 AN EXAMPLE OF CSR : NESTLE milk district model 1 2 3 4 5 6 Nestlé – An Overview Evolution of the Nestlé Milk Districts Nestlé in India Nestlé Milk Districts & Rural Growth Concerns for the Environment and the Community Summary and Conclusions Financial Analysts Meet, Nov 29, 2006 1 Nestlé – An Overview Nestlé – The World Food Company Henri Nestlé...
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...BIO-GAS PLANT: SUBSTITUTE TO LPG COOKING GAS 5th February 2012 Objective: Waste is a material that no longer serves a purpose and so is thrown away. In some cases what one person discards may be re-used by somebody else. All wastes is particularly hazardous. If not carefully disposed of, it will have an impact on the environment, whether it be unsightly litter in urban streets or contaminated air, soil or water. But what is equally important about waste is that it is recyclable. For example, if all human, animal and organic wastes are recycled, we can save energy and fossil fuels and can keep the river, sea and ocean free from dumping wastes. Therefore, time has come when we have to look at the waste not merely as an environment polluter but a recyclable material of great potential and energy saver. Benefits: In cities, a majority of the people use LPG or kerosene for cooking. The immediate benefit from owning a compact biogas system is the savings in cost as compared to the use of kerosene or LPG for cooking. The up-front cost of a biogas system is higher than for LPG, since an LPG bottle plus a two burner stove costs only INR 5,000 (approx. USD 100) whereas the compact biogas plan plus a biogas stove costs about INR 10,000 (approx. USD 200). However, the operational cost for biogas is only about INR 2 per day if waste flour is used as feedstock, and can be zero if the plant uses only food wastes. This is much cheaper than LPG, which costs about...
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...United International UniversitySummer Trimester 2015School of Business and EconomicsCourse: IBS3121_International Business | Case Analysis and Term PaperCase 1Chapter 1Topic 1 | Dell’s Globalization of Business Dell, Inc. the largest direct sale computer vendor in the world, selling servers, desktops, laptops, workstations, printers, monitors, storage solutions, and other computer peripherals. Since its inception in 1984 Dell was a pure hardware vendor for much of its existence, but with the acquisition in 2009 of Perot Systems, it entered the market for IT services. With a unique business model for computer vendor industry named “build-to-order” or direct sales philosophy, Dell expanded its footprints as one of the most successful global company. Using the most advance technologies with the benefit of globalization, Dell built its competitive advantage as a low cost provider of customized product offerings. To capture the advantage of low cost production, in 1994 Dell enthusiastically moved to the use of Internet to coordinate and control its globally dispersed production system. It was so efficient that now it holds only three days’ worth of inventory at its assembly locations. This advancement in reducing inventory cost to a minimum level was not possible unless company use Microprocessor and Internet. Dell’s Internet-based system records orders for computer equipment as customers submit them via the company’s Web site, then immediately transmits the resulting orders...
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...the main competitors and discover the best periods for market entry in the country via the micro and the macro environmental analysis. The demand for renewable energy in the country is being driven by the increase and urbanization access to energy intensive technologies, product and the industrial growth. The Nigerian government is wooing energy companies to come and invest in the country. Special energy policy for foreign investors is being organized, such as tax reduction for energy investors in the country, softening all policies related to energy. Nigeria has a lot of renewable energy potential such as sunlight, which might be productive for solar power, and abundance bio-waste for biomass energy production. The renewable energy products that Nigeria requires most are Solar, Hydro, Wind, & Bio-energy. Premium Renewable Energy Sdn Bhd was formed in 2007 with the objective of affecting positive environmental change at a global scale by replacing today’s unsustainable methods of power generation with efficient green...
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...Individual Assignment Prepared for Mrs. HaPL Prepared by Ha Thi Thuy – SB01027 – SB0709 [pic] Archer Daniels Midland Company (ADM) 7/1/2013 |Contents |Page | |Introduction |3 | |Financial statement analysis |5 | |Balance sheet |5 | |Income statement |7 | |Financial ratios |8 | |Dupont systems |9 | |Compare to industry |10 | |Compare with some direct competitor |11 | |Cash flow ...
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...11 March 2011 Food Producers Palm Oil – Extracting Value Rachel Galvez +44 20 7444 0679 rachel.galvez@religarecm.com Palm Tree Nursery Palm Oil Sector – Extracting Value We launch coverage on the London listed Palm Oil sector with a positive view as we believe the industry will continue to grow and current production will struggle to meet global demand. In our view, companies (such as the ones under our coverage) that have; agricultural land rights in equatorial regions (where oil palms thrive), industry expertise, experienced management teams, and access to capital, have defensible competitive advantages and are likely to experience earnings growth and margin expansion going forward. New Britain Palm Oil (NBPO LN, BUY, 1,197p price target, 23% upside) NBPO produces sustainable and traceable Palm Oil in Papua New Guinea (PNG), which it sells to European markets. We believe the company’s competitive advantages, (the traceability and sustainability of its oil, above industry average yields, land and other assets, management team and industry relationships) will enable it to increase sales, expand margins and maintain a market leading position going forward. Asian Plantations (PALM LN, BUY, 345p price target, 29% upside) Source: MP Evans Palm Tree Plantation Asian Plantations is involved in the acquisition and development of Palm Oil plantation land in Sarawak, Malaysia. We believe the company will be able to execute on its strategy (acquiring undeveloped land...
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...development works. _ Tariff policy adopted lacked rational approach; passenger fares kept lower than costs; loss per passenger kilometer increased from 10 Paise per Km in 2000-01 to 23 Paise in 2012-13. _ ‘Decade of Golden Dilemma’ – choosing between commercial and social viability. _ Share of Railways in freight traffic coming down consistently. _ Rs 5 lakh crore required for ongoing projects alone. _ Focus so far in sanctioning more and more projects with inadequate prioritization rather than completing them; Of the 674 projects worth Rs 1,57,883 cr sanctioned in the last 30 years, only 317 could be completed. Completing the balance requires Rs 1,82,000 cr. _ Most of Gross Traffic Receipts is spent on fuel, salary and pension, track & coach maintenance and on safety works . In the year 2013-14, Gross Traffic Receipts were ` 1,39,558 crore and total Working Expenses were ` 1,30,321 crore, _ The surplus, after paying obligatory dividend and lease charges, was ` 11,754 crore in 2007-08 and is estimated to be ` 602 crore in the current financial year. 2 Course Correction and Initiatives...
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...| Marketing ApplicationsMarketing Analysis of company Dary Kraje | | | | | 2012/2013 | | | | | Content 1 Executive summary 4 2 Situation analysis 5 2.1 Company analysis 5 2.2 Company objectives 6 2.3 Customer analysis 6 2.4 Product market 6 2.4.1 BCG matrix 7 2.4.2 Suppliers: 7 2.5 Competition 9 2.5.1 Benchmarking: 9 3 external market environment 11 3.1 Economic 11 3.1.1 Current economic situation 11 3.1.2 Tendencies 11 3.1.3 The current strategy of euro adoption 11 3.1.4 MAIN MACRO-ECONOMICS INDICATORS 12 3.2 Technological 13 3.2.1 Meat product processing 13 3.2.2 Bakery 16 3.3 Political and legal 18 3.4 Cultural and social 19 4 SWOT analysis 21 5 marketing plan objectives 22 5.1 Strategic thrust 22 5.2 Strategic objectives 22 6 Core strategy 23 6.1 Target market 23 6.2 Competitive advantage 23 7 Marketing strategy 24 7.1 Product 24 7.2 Price 24 7.3 Place 24 7.4 Promotion 24 8 communication mix 25 9 implementation and control 26 9.1 Problems to overcome 26 9.2 Control 26 9.3 Budget 26 9.4 Timing of implementation activities 26 9.5 Contingency plans 26 10 conclusion 27 Executive summary Situation analysis Company analysis Dary kraje is a small shop offering quality farm food. It is possible to find there only the food without various flavours, chemical conservations and colourings. Most of the offered products come from Zlin Region. The shop offers pastry, confectionery, meat, meat products, milk...
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...| | |NAME : RAUNAK ZATAKIA | | | |COURSE : ( BBA / TP / ) | | | |SUPERVISOR : Prof. Tapobrata Ray | | | |TITLE : Telecom Industry Marketing | |DATE : 06.12.2013 | Dissertation submitted in partial fulfilment Of the requirements of the Graduate Degree BACHELOR IN BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION J.D.BIRLA INSTITUE At the JADAVPUR UNIVERSITY KOLKATA The Controller of Examination, Jadavpur University, Kolkata Respected sir, This research work has been conducted by me and is an...
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...The UNDP Human Development Report (HDR) for 2011 focuses on the intertwined issues of sustainability and equity. While most countries have achieved substantial development gains since 1970, the 2011 HDR draws attention to evidence that raises questions about the sustainability and distribution of these benefits. Human Development Index: Encouraging Progress Most countries have made great strides in living standards over the past 30 to 40 years. The UNDP’s Human Development Index (HDI) increased, on average, by 41 percent overall and 60 percent in low HDI countries since 1970. The HDI country ranking is divided into four quartiles. The first quartile, or top 47 countries with the highest HDIs, is labeled “very high human development.” The remaining three quartiles of country groupings are “high human development” countries, “medium human development” countries and “low human development” countries. From 1980 to 2011, average HDI scores increased by 16.1 percent, 20.7 percent, 50.0 percent and 44.3 percent for very high, high, medium and low human development countries, respectively. The table below presents HDI data from the 2011 HDR for a select group of countries from each development category. Green Revolution The Green Revolution in agricultural productivity is one of a number of important factors behind the dramatic rise in living standards. With only a 10 percent increase in cultivated land, agricultural output doubled over the past 50 years. In Asia, the Green...
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