...America is grown with artificial growth hormones (Hanrahan, 2000)? Were you aware that these growth hormones can potentially cause cancer and pose significant health risks to individuals who consume this meat? In today's food industry it is crucial to be a keen consumer and have knowledge of where you food comes from and what it actually contains. The regulations and standards put into effect by the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) in regards to cattle production and what is deemed to be safe have created an up heave of controversy. Consumers and researchers constantly pose the question of what should be considered safe and who should not. They often argue that when it comes to human health no risks should be taken and risk assessment should not be considered. The following essay discusses the controversy of beef cattle production regulation and standards. The essay will analyze various studies conducted that state a possible link between cancer and growth hormone used in beef, and it will outline all view points of the European ban of American and Canadian beef. The issues and controversy surrounding feedlot given to beef cattle will be analyzed and consumer concerns as well as regulations surrounding labeling of beef in America, Canada and Europe will be discussed. ARGUMENT The use of growth hormones has become widely prominent in the beef production industry. Estradiol benzoate and progesterone, which are types of growth hormone, were first approved in 1956 by the...
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...On the off chance that you aren't sure what HGH is, it's human growth hormone, a normally happening hormone in the human body. We require this hormone to develop and recover bone, muscle, organ and all connective tissue as kids and as we develop into adulthood. This hormone is available for us to empower growth and everything that accompanies it. In youthfulness, the emission of human growth hormone is at a pinnacle. This is the time of the most quick growth of our bodies. As grown-ups, HGH production diminishes through our 20s and afterward keeps on diminishing as we age. When we achieve 40 years old, we are producing less than half of what we were delivering at 20 years of age! The decreased production of hormones is normal. In any case,...
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...Stunting Facts on Human Growth Hormone * Human growth hormone is commonly referred to as HGH. It is a hormone produced by the pituitary gland to help the body grow and develop into adulthood. It is partly responsible for regulating metabolism. This hormone helps to improve bone density, muscle mass, and essentially help us grow. As we age, the production of this hormone decreases (*Crenshaw, 2011). . * HGH has been proven to help with the effects of Osteoporosis. It increases bone production, therefore increasing bone mass. This hormone seems to reverse the effects of aging by decreasing weight gain from hormone imbalance, increasing bone mass, and increasing the capacity of the lungs for exercise. HGH increases sharpness of the brain as well as energy intensity (*Bond, 2011). * Women and men experience many adverse side effects from taking HGH supplements. Women can suffer from stroke, heart disease, blood clots, manly attributes, leukemia, and even acne (*Crenshaw, 2011). * There are several human growth hormone supplements offered directly to consumers. Some of these products are approved by the FDA while others are not. The claims on the products are what sell them, whether they are approved or not. Three of the top rated supplements are Secratatropin HGH, Avatropin, and Humovox. Secratatropin HGH sells for a retail price of $139.95 and claims to increase HGH production without having any side-effects. Avatropin retails at $99.99 and claims to promote HGH...
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...Bovine Growth Hormone Recombinant Bovine Growth Hormone or BGH is a drug manufactured by the Monsanto Company. This drug was produced to increase milk production in cows. The FDA approved BGH in 1993 for use in dairy farming, the usage of BGH began in 1994. After the first batch of milking it was seen that cows began to die (Wade, 1). The BGH was forcing the dairy cows to create milk faster then they could eat. This was causing their milk producing glands to extract calcium from the bones of the cows. This caused the cows to become weakened and fall down. It is also noticed that an increased occurrence of mastitis, which is an infection of the cows utters. (Wade, 1) The infection is cured by a regime of antibiotics, which make it into our milk. It is also seen that there is no legitimate use to BGH. In the United States there is a surplus of dairy products, meaning that with the use of BGH small farmers will be run out of business by the factory farms. They can produce larger quantities of milk and be able to sell them at lower prices. The production of the Bovine Growth Hormone in order to help the dairy industry has become a controversial issue since its usage approval. In today’s world being a socially responsible company is not only a trending fad but also it is almost a requirement by the consumers. Many companies have labels stating things like “dolphin free” or “BGH free.” The merchandisers use these labels to increase their sales with the socially responsible consumers...
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...everyday survival. The overall role of the hypothalamus is to collect and fuse together a variety of information from the body and to organize responses that maintain homeostasis, meaning to keep the human body in a stable yet constant condition. Carrying out this single overriding task requires coordinating the activity of the autonomic nervous system and the endocrine system, ultimately influencing several important behaviors (Culberson). The hypothalamus responds to a variety of signals from the internal and external environment including body temperature, hunger, feelings of being filled up after eating, blood pressure and levels of hormones in the circulation. It also responds to stress and controls in our daily bodily rhythms such as the night-time secretion of melatonin from the pineal gland and the changes in cortisol, the stress hormone, and body temperature over a 24-hour period. The hypothalamus collects and combines this information and puts changes in place to correct any imbalances...
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...Human Growth Hormone (hGH) has been hailed as the fountain of youth that can reverse the effects of ageing. The anti-ageing value of hGH is, however both applauded and challenged by the medical industry. This essay will discuss the 3000 year old history and the newly emerging modern anti-ageing industry. Along with clinical trials, which study the effects caused by Human Growth Hormone and Growth Hormone Releasers (GHR) are mentioned, the hGH marketing campaign will throw some light on the benefits of hGH and GHR’s. Issues such as health and ageing will also be explored. It will be argued that the benefits of GHR’s need to be counterbalanced against a healthy lifestyle to determine its value. Anti-ageing obsession has a 3000 year old history and remains one of the largest in the world. From the Egyptians who had their bodies mummified, snake oil salesmen promoting potions and invasive procedures such as human testis transplants, grafted ovaries and injections of sex glands that professed to slow, reverse and extend the human life span. Later, more sophisticated modern day anti-ageing products that promote scientific discovery as a basis for their effectiveness such as, intestinal purification, oxygen therapy, mineral and ozonised waters and filters, vitamins and health supplements and human growth hormone and growth hormone releasers. With the emergence of modern day anti-ageing medicine claims of longevity and vitality by slowing, stopping or reversing human ageing appeals...
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...Thesis statement: There are few causes that is undergone family problems, huge amount of debts, cope with a live of stress and face a lot of pain during training and few effects that lead in to problems in body function and mental effects. II. The causes of why athletes dope in sports. A. Family problems B. Huge amount of debts C. Live of stress D. A lot of pain in training III. The effect in the body function of a person when a person dope in sport. A. The uses of steroid in sports 1. The diseases when dope in sports 2. The body function of a person B. The uses of stimulants in sports 1. The type of drugs and the problems C. The uses of peptide hormones 1. Type of peptide hormone and the effects of the substances IV. The effect in the mental problems A. The type of disease that effect the mental problems V. Conclusions The Causes and Effects of Doping in Sport Doping in sport is means the use of drug to increase the performance of an athletic above average in an athletic competition. It has been a well and long documented of the use of drugs in sport. The history started using drugs occur since the time of the original Olympic Games (from 776 to 393 BC). The word ‘doping’ come from the Dutch word ‘doop’, that is a viscous opium juice, the drug of choice of the ancient Greeks. (Bowers, 1998). In 100 AD, chariot racers feed their horses with these substances...
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...*Pituitary gland is a small reddish-grey oval endocrine gland located within a depression in the sphenoid bone called sella turcica which is attached to hypothalamus by an infundibular stalk. *Pituitary gland has been described as the Master of the endocrine orchestra or Leader of endocrine orchestra because it regulates function of other endocrine glands. *It is also known as hypophysis and its function is under the control of the hypothalamus. *Pituitary gland forms an important link between the nervous and endocrine systems. It secretes many hormones which influence growth, sexual development, metabolism as well as reproduction....
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...Prader Willi Syndrome “Prader-Willi syndrome is a rare disorder present at birth that results in a number of physical, mental and behavioral problems. A key feature of Prader-Willi (prah-dur VIL-ee) syndrome is a constant sense of hunger that usually begins after the first year of life. People with Prader-Willi syndrome want to eat constantly and usually have trouble controlling their weight. Many complications of Prader-Willi syndrome are due to obesity. If your child has Prader-Willi syndrome, a team of specialists can work with you to manage your child's symptoms and reduce the risk of developing complications.” (Mayo Clinic Staff, 01 May 2013, page 1). “Prader-Willi syndrome is caused by a gene missing on part of chromosome 15. Normally, your parents each pass down a copy of this chromosome. Most patients with Prader-Willi syndrome are missing the genetic material on part of the father's chromosome. The rest of patients with this condition often have two copies of the mother's chromosome 15. The genetic changes occur randomly. Patients usually do not have a family history of the condition.” (Cooke DW, Divall SA, Radovick S, 07 May 2012, para. 2) “Metabolism is a term that is used to describe all chemical reactions involved in maintaining the living state of the cells and the organism. Metabolism can be conveniently divided into two categories: * Catabolism - the breakdown of molecules to obtain energy * Anabolism - the synthesis of all compounds needed by the...
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...Hormones and Behaviors Tiffany Stevens April 17, 2015 BEH/225 Krystyn A. Lassiter Hormones and Behaviors The endocrine system is made up of glands that release hormones into the blood stream. There are several types of hormones released by these various glands in the body, each doing a different job. Hormones are similar to neurotransmitters. Transmitters of Couse are responsible for moving information to the cells in the body. These communications cause cells in the body to become active. Hormones affect everything from puberty to jet lag even personality. Hormones can even have an effect on mood and behavior. An example of this would be oxytocin. Oxytocin is a hormone produced and released by the pituitary gland. The pituitary gland is often referred to as the master gland because it affects other glands in the endocrine system. Oxytocin is a hormone mostly responsible for its effects on mood and causing happiness. The more oxytocin produced in the body, the happier an individual will feel. A lack of production of oxytocin in the system may cause an individual to feel moods such as sadness or depression. The pituitary gland is also responsible for growth in humans by producing growth hormones. Another hormone responsible for behavior in people is the hormone melatonin. Melatonin controls sleep behaviors in individuals. The pineal gland produces melatonin. Depending on the changes in light the pineal gland will produce the appropriate levels of melatonin. The production...
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...Benefits of Genetic Engineering in Agriculture The production of technologies based on genetic engineering is often referred as modern biotechnology. With the improvement of genetic engineering techniques, the time for generating and evaluating new germplasm (a collection of genetic resources for an organism) can be drastically reduced. Genetic engineering may ultimately have their most significant effect on agriculture. Recent advances have raised possibility of development of new plant germplasm through introduction of any gene from any organism into plant. With respect to agriculture, modern biotechnology has been considered as the second phase of green revolution. Organisms whose genes have been altered by manipulation are called genetically modified organism (GMO). The working of GMO is due to nature of transferred genes, nature of host organism and food web formed. Some useful benefits of genetically modified plants in agricultural biotechnology are: 1. Improved nutritional quality 2. Better Nitrogen Fixation 3. Disease resistant Plant 4. Enhanced efficiency of minerals used by plants to prevent early exhaustion of fertility of soil. 5. Reduced post harvest losses The first genetically modified food was Flavr Savr Tomato which was resistant to rotting. Another genetically modified food is golden rice (Pro Vitamin A enriched). Several other genetically modified foods include, soybeans, corn, cotton, seed oil etc have been formed. But many controversies...
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...Fundamentals of Anatomy and Physiology Hormones and Homeostasis For this weeks’ assignment I chose the hormones from the Pituitary Glands. These glands are located in the brain attached to the Hypothalamus, and it has a size of a pea. The hormones from the Pituitary Glands control the functions of many other glands in the body, but the major secretions from these glands are the following: Growth Hormones (GH) Antidiuretic Hormones (ADH) Oxytocin 1. The Growth Hormones (GH), stimulates the growth of bones and other tissue and controls the growth of all organisms in the body. This hormone is very important in maintaining an adequate balance between size and function. An example of this would be if a person has an exaggerated growth and his heart dose not maintain the proper size, the balance of blood flow thru the Circulatory System is not balanced and that person will always be tired. Also the amount of oxygen that is delivered to the different organs will not be adequate for proper body function. 2. Antidiuretic Hormones (ADH) or Vasopressin, is the hormone that simulates the increase of water reabsorption rate of the Kidney Tubels. The secretion of ADH stimulates the decrease of Urine production which in turn helps maintain a balanced blood volume and blood pressure. When too much of ADH is released it causes Vasoconstriction of blood vessels that has the effect of an increase of the blood pressure. 3. Oxytocin is the hormone that stimulates the cells of the...
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...glands secrete their product directly into the bloodstream. The term ductless indicates that no duct cones out from the glands. Their secretion are called hormones, also known as chemical messengers. They regulate and integrate body functions. ENDOCRINE SYSTEM The endocrine system refers to the collection of glands of an organism that secrete hormones directly into the circulatory system to be carried towards distant target organs. It is a system that controls body functions such as sleep, sexual behavior, digestion, metabolism, and physical development. The endocrine system is an information signal system like the nervous system, yet its effects and mechanism are classifiably different. The endocrine system's effects are slow to initiate, and prolonged in their response, lasting from a few hours up to weeks. In vertebrates, the hypothalamus is the neural control center for all endocrine systems. The communication begins at the base of the forebrain with the hypothalamus. The hypothalamus sends messages to the pituitary gland, which then secretes hormones into the bloodstream, affecting glands throughout the body. HYPOTHALAMUS The hypothalamus synthesizes and secretes certain neurohormones, often called releasing hormones or hypothalamic hormones, and these in turn stimulate or inhibit the secretion of pituitary hormones. The hypothalamus controls body temperature, hunger, important aspects of parenting and attachment behaviors, thirst, fatigue,...
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...Gigantism is a rare condition that causes abnormal growth in children. It occurs when your child’s body produces far too much growth hormone. What Is Gigantism? Gigantism is a rare condition that causes abnormal growth in children. This change is most notable in terms of height, but girth is affected as well. It occurs when your child’s pituitary gland makes too much growth hormone, which is also known as somatotropin. Early diagnosis is important. Prompt treatment can stop or slow the changes that may cause your child to grow larger than normal. However, the condition can be hard for parents to detect. The symptoms of gigantism might seem like normal childhood growth spurts at first. What Causes Gigantism? A pituitary gland tumor is almost always the cause of gigantism. The pea-sized pituitary gland is located at the base of your brain. It makes hormones that control many functions in your body. Some tasks managed by the gland include: temperature control, sexual development, growth, metabolism and urine production. Recognizing the Signs of Gigantism? If your child has gigantism, you may notice that they’re much larger than other children of the same age. Also, some parts of the body may be larger in proportion to other parts. Common symptoms include: very large hands and feet, thick toes and fingers, a prominent jaw and forehead and coarse facial features. Children with gigantism may also have flat noses and large heads, lips, or tongues. The symptoms your child has...
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...Henry Turner who discovered the disorder in 1938. It occurs in female births only in about 1 in 20,000 births worldwide (National Human Genome Research Institute, 2011) and in the United States 60,000 female births are affected with 800 new cases diagnosed each year ( University of Utah, 2012). Turner Syndrome is caused by a missing X chromosome error during the formation of the egg to embryo. It is not yet known from which one of the parent’s chromosome causes this to happen. Turner Syndrome may be found during a mother’s pregnancy when performing an ultrasound test by observing for signs of poor development such as swollen hands and feet or for an irregular heart beat. (Collin, 2006) Other prenatal testing of cells from the fetus, blood hormone levels of luteinizing all of which can also help determine the suspicion (Zieve, 2008). It can also be detected at birth because of the heart problems and physical features observed. Turner Syndrome mostly affects the visual physical features of the female with few internal health problems. The most common physical malformation is height; females born with this Syndrome are shorter with an average height of 4ft 8in (University of Utah, 2012).This syndromes internal health problems are high blood pressure, heart and kidney problems; which can be treated with surgery or medication depending on the severity. Other physical features are extra skin on the neck as well as a webbed neck, Lymphedema of the hands and feet, as...
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