...Next reason is they have both pacific and Atlantic coastlines. The third reason is they have huge amount of biodiversity and unbeaten growing conditions. For these reasons along with a global high demand for illegal substances and certain indigenous plants have made illicit plant/drug production flourished in Colombia for over 40 years. The boom in demand for cocaine came in the 1970’s and has continued to today. In the year 2000 it was estimated Colombia is responsible for 75% of the worlds coca. (Energy & Ecology business editors, 2011) Not to mention the large-scale opium poppy and marijuana production occurring in Colombia. This illegal drug industry wreaks havoc on the Colombia’s Environment more specifically their forests. Deforestation has gradually been getting worse and worse in Colombia since the introduction of the illicit crop and drug trade. Slash and burning is one devastating technique in order to clear the forest for growing and manufacturing. (Blair, 2008) The toxins from the production and refinement of cocaine cause huge environmental implications. The government prevention of coca plant growth, cocaine production, and distribution causes huge environmental issues and only makes the deforestation much more...
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...Synthetic Drugs In the Good Morning America article “’Bath Salts’: Use of Dangerous Drug Increasing Across U.S.”, the many dangers of designer drugs are exposed. One of these dangers being the creation of the new designer drug: Bath Salts. Bath salts have become the hot new thing in teenagers today because of how easy it is to obtain the drug. Although the drug may be easy to find, the designer drug is not easy to get rid of in your body. Recently, there have been many attacks from people that were high on the new drug. The most famous being a Miami man who was killed after he ate almost all of a homeless man’s face. Because of this incident, the drug became more popular and the U.S. began to take action in order to ban the new designer drug. Recently, a Delaware senator, “ praised pending legislation proposing a nationwide ban on "bath salts," a dangerous synthetic drug that's on the rise in the United States and might have led to the recent attack in Miami where a man allegedly ate off 80 percent of a homeless man's face.” (Dolak). By the senator praising the pending legislation, it shows how America is concerned with the new drug and the effect it has on their people. Through the use of ethos, pathos, and logos, as well as different sources Kevin Dolak’s article “’Bath Salts’: Use of Dangerous Drug Increasing Across U.S.”, portrays the dangers that bath salts has on the many Americans that are using the designer drug today. The author applys to ethos throughout the entire...
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...Cocaine Cocaine (benzoylmethylecgonine) (INN) is a crystalline tropane alkaloid that is obtained from the leaves of the coca plant. The name comes from "coca" and the alkaloid suffix -ine, forming cocaine. It is a stimulant, an appetite suppressant, and a topical anesthetic. Biologically, cocaine acts as a serotonin–norepinephrine–dopamine reuptake inhibitor, also known as a triple reuptake inhibitor (TRI). It is addictive because of its effect on the mesolimbic reward pathway. Formulations COCAINE HYDROCHLORIDE Topical Solution CIIRx only [Lannett Company, Inc.] Each mL contains:Cocaine hydrochloride 40 mg or 100 mg As aqueous solution.The topical solution contains the following inactive ingredients: citric acid, D&C Yellow No. 10, FD&C Green No. 3, sodium benzoate, and water. Methamphetamine Methamphetamine (USAN) also known as metamfetamine (INN),meth, ice, crystal glass, tik, N-methylamphetamine, methylamphetamine, and desoxyephedrine, is a psychostimulant of the phenethylamine and amphetamine class of psychoactive drugs. Methamphetamine occurs in two enantiomers, dextrorotary and levorotary; dextromethamphetamine possesses the well-known psychostimulant effects of the drug, while levomethamphetamine is CNS-inactive. Although rarely prescribed, dextromethamphetamine is approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for the treatment of ADHD and obesity under the trade name Desoxyn, while levomethamphetamine is a non-prescription over-the-counter...
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...Abstract According to the National Institute on Drug Abuse about six million people over the age 12 have used cocaine at least once in the past year.” Our text book stated : “Cocaine is one of the most dangerous drugs available to teenagers and along with the amphetamines are powerful psychostimulant that markedly affect mental functioning and behavior. These drugs augment the action of several neurotransmitters, the most important is dopamine. “( text book) Cocaine is a purified extract from the leaves of the Erythroxylum coca bush. Different chemical processes produce the two main forms of cocaine: Powdered cocaine: commonly known on the street as “coke” or “blow” dissolves in water. Users can snort or inject powdered cocaine .Crack cocaine: commonly known on the street as “crack: or “ rock” is made by chemical process that leaves it in its “freebase” form, which can be smoked. One of the most risky effects of teenage cocaine use is that the body can develop a tolerance to the drug, and the user needs increasingly larger doses of the drug to achieve the same feeling. This can increase the chance of an overdose, as the user takes successively greater amounts of cocaine in an effort to get high. In certain cases, first time users of cocaine have suffered from sudden death, the possibility of which dramatically increases when alcohol is simultaneously consumed. The objective of this paper is to discuss the symptom of the abuse in teenagers...
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...Cocaine: Putting a Crack in Society Health Science 460 Section 1 Drug Use and Abuse Brother Yearsley Name: Date: Outline Thesis Statement: Cocaine is a highly addictive stimulant that has gratifying yet dangerous short term effects, and devastating long term effects. The problems related to cocaine abuse have an effect world wide; therefore it is a problem that society cannot ignore. I. From High Class to Skid Row II. History of Cocaine III. Why so Much Abuse IV. Short Term Effects A. Physical B. Psychological V. Long Term Effects A. Physical B. Psychological C. Social VI. Abuse Statistics VII. History Relived VIII. Summary I. From High Class to Skid Row- INTRODUCTION Today Cocaine and Crack can be found in almost every city and is used by people of all walks of life. During the 1970’s and mid 1980’s cocaine use was at its peak. It was the drug of choice for the rich and famous and was part of what some called a glamorous life the “Champagne of Drugs”. Around 1985 came the arrival of a new form of cocaine, called crack. This new smoke able form became the drug of choice on the street. Crack has more intense and faster effects than the traditional forms of cocaine use, which are primarily snorting and injecting. Crack which is cheaper to produce became accessible to people of all socioeconomic statuses. Cocaine in the form...
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...Introduction As Elizabeth Hartney argues ‘psychoactive’ is a term that is applied to drugs and substances that a change a personal mental state by affecting the way the brain and nervous system’s work. This can lead to intoxication which is often the main reason people choose to take psychoactive drugs. In some situations, however these drugs can be used to alter a person’s mental state in order to exploit them for example use of date rape drugs. Psychoactive drugs such as anti-depressants and drugs used to treat conditions such as ADHD are also psychoactive. Another author argues, “These are drugs since ancient times which were used for their psychological effects to stimulate or relax, to bring sleep or prevent it, to enhance ordinary perceptions or to produce hallucinations. They also include alcohol, tobacco and coffee.”(Atkinson, Richard & HIlgard, 1983). Another source describes psychoactive drugs as, “The term ‘drug’ refers to any chemical substance, aside from food, that, upon entering the body, alters the physical or chemical characteristics of the body and its functions. A drug that alters sensory perceptions, mood, thought processes, or behavior is known as a psychoactive drug.” Behavior according to psychology refers to any action for example eating, sneezing, gambling, learning a language. DEPRESSANTS In small quantities, it appears to increase people’s energy and make them feel lively and sociable. In reality alcohol is a central nervous system depressant...
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...High Hoops February 26, 2013 Chris Herren a former college basketball standout turned NBA bust, had one thing holding him back throughout his basketball career, drug abuse. The story of his life has many twists and turns all of which he portrays in his inspirational speeches. He is not on any of the top 100 lists of great American orators because his speeches are not directed towards the masses instead he reaches out to high school students in hopes that they will not make the same mistakes he did. Chris Herren grew up in Fall River MA, a relatively small town outside of Boston. He attended Durfee High School from 1990-1994. It is here that his life began to spiral out of control. As a freshman, it was evident that his talents on the court surpassed that of all of his predecessors. But, his decisions off the court ultimately lead to his fall from grace. In his book he notes that during his high school years drinking, drugs, and fighting came before basketball. Despite this, he still managed to have the greatest high school basketball career Durfee High had ever witnessed. As word spread of his talents, the Burdon of the city fell on his back. He describes Fall River in one powerful sentence. “Fall River, it teaches you from a very young age, to fight, to punch first, to be loyal, to never let any friend be left behind, and it gets a bad rap for that.” Following his standout freshman year, the best College basketball teams began recruiting...
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...Direct Government Policy The main barrier to commercialization entry is that the technology must be approved by COFEPRIS (Comisión Federal para la Protección contra Riesgos Sanitarios) rules and regulations in order to enter the national market. The Health and Economy Departments published in the Official Gazette the agreement which is recognized as equivalent to the requirements and procedures for requesting the Federal Commission for the protection against health hazards (COFEPRIS) to emit the registration of medical devices, with requirements that establish health agencies of the United States and Canada1. This decision of the Government of Mexico is aimed at enabling the Mexicans as quickly as possible to the medical equipment of last generation that are sold worldwide access. The Faculty of the Health Department to emit equivalence agreements is provided in article 161 of the Regulation of Health Supplies and will be more expeditious the entry into the Mexican medical devices market while maintaining the same level of quality, safety and efficacy that guarantees the COFEPRIS because the Mexican health authority not only review the medical devices have been evaluated and approved, in this case, by the health authorities Canadian (Health Canada) and American (FDA), it will verify the results of inspections and the documentation for manufacturing plants. The Article 194 of the General Law of Health establish2: "For the purposes of this Law, are considered as health...
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...1. Students should spend 20-30 minutes in a group review in preparation for the quiz over chapters 9, 10 and 11 (there are 30 questions). Study guides should be utilized and individual companies or the battalion as a whole should discuss each question and the answer. 2. Students should take the on-line quiz over chapters 9, 10 and 11. Password is “fireengine”. 3. Study guides for Chapters 9, 10 and 11 as well as 12 and 13 must be completed. They will both be collected on Friday May 2nd. 4. If study guides are completed, students should read and answer the Review Questions for Chapter 12 on page 203 and Chapter 13 on page 218 of their textbook. These assignments will be collected. 5. If time allows, students may begin to review all study guides in preparation for upcoming final exam. In order to grasp the ramifications of illegal drug use by public service employees and the necessity of screening for the abuse of such substances by these individuals, it is necessary to have an understanding of how illegal drugs first became a problem in the United States. While substance abuse has challenged society for centuries, the abuse of illegal drugs in the United States dates back to relatively recent history. In America, drug addiction was a problem as far back in time as the original colonies when narcotic and opiate elixirs and treatments were being exported from England. Without any form of government regulation, let alone the medical knowledge necessary...
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...The Causes of Drug Addiction For many, the subject of drug use in any way whether it be the production, the exchange or the actual use is a touchy issue. Drugs such as meth, cocaine, and crack have been around for decades and drugs like heroine have been around for centuries. Drugs such as cocaine and heroin can cause major life-altering effects on a person by impairing internal organs, limiting one's abilities and skills that would make one suitable to interact with others successfully. They produce hallucinations, anger, forgetfulness and many other adverse causes. There are countless occurrences of users of hard drugs disregarding the law and committing a crime while in the pursuit of the drug of their choice or while on the drug. Drug addiction almost always leads to criminal conduct. Illegal drug use often leads to crimes such as murder, robbery, burglaries and assaults. Without a doubt drugs and criminal behavior are closely associated. “Drug offenders account for more than one-third of the growth in state prison population and more than 80 percent of the increase in the number of prison inmates since 1985.” (Dewey) In 2013, nearly 40% 0f the inmates in the United States said they committed violent crimes to support their drug habit. Surprisingly jail time alone has had little effect on the reduction of drug addiction or in promoting recovery. A large number of users who were addicted to heroin began with prescription painkillers and only substituted heroin when their...
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...to a glass, bottle or can. However, Beyond the surface of this great invention are some shocking revelations. These Shocking Discoveries will change your whole outlook of The Coco Cola Beverage. The Basic Ingredients in a Coke soda includes : 3 grams of Coco Leaf Extract; Citric Acid, the Kola Nut ( which produces caffine a very addictive ingredient, sugar water; lime juice, vanilla and Caramel. The Story of this product began in 1885 with an alcoholic beverage called Pemberton’s French wine Coca. It was created by a Pharmacist named John Smith Permberton who was also known to be morphine Addict. The drink contained a euphoria inducing mixture of cocaine and alcohol called cocaetheulene. Therefore it is no coincidence that the name Coco Cola starts with the name of the leaf that is used to make cocaine. The drink was known as a wonderful invigorator of sexual organs but was outlawed in Atlanta...
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...drugs. The war on drugs has been the biggest and longest war in my lifetime. Although Richard Nixon is known for launching what we consider the modern day war on drugs, this war was started several years prior to Nixon becoming President of the United States. Some local laws against drugs where established as early as 1860. The first national law was the Harrison Narcotics Act of 1914. This act was to provide registration to all that dealt in the services of opium and coca leaves. Coca leaves once extracted provides the bases for cocaine. In this time cocaine was not illegal and was often prescribed by doctors to patients for ailments such as common headaches or colds. Unknowingly those patients became addicted to cocaine and opium. It was estimated that one in every 400 U.S citizens where addicted to some form of opium or cocaine in 1911 (Kandall). The act did not come without some effects. While the act was concerned about marketing opiates and cocaine openly, it also hindered physicians from prescribing the drugs and caused a lot of doctors to be incarcerated. The Harrison Act of 1914 is...
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...Shandy Walbert Thank you all for coming to listen to my speech tonight I hope you all pay close attention to what I will be discussing for it could be considered highly offensive. “I’m only going to try it once.” We’ve all seen the terrible, nightmare like commercials with the girl crying in the shower, the boy shooting up, the man pulling a gun on a woman and her baby just to get a quick high. It truly scares me to death. I have always been told how terrible drugs were and to never be near them. Yes, I knew drugs were bad but I never truly understood until the day I had witnessed it all happen right in front of me by someone I have looked up to my entire life. Methamphetamine, ice, speed, glass, and crank are all terms used to describe meth. Meth is a white or yellowish crystalline powder, or it can be crystal like, or in pill form. Some “recipes” may vary but most of the key ingredients are acetone, lithium, hydrochloric acid, sulfuric acid, pseudoephedrine, and sodium hydroxide. Out of all of the drugs in the world meth is rated one of the number one most highly addictive drug, and that is why all of the commercials say all it takes is once. Meth can do some terrible changes to your appearance. Weight loss is huge and you lose so much weight you look deathly ill. Your teeth start to rot and fall out to the point where they will crumble up like powder in your hands. Meth users bodies are typically starved of nutrients needed to maintain oneself. Hair loss, foul body...
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...drug that falls into this category is Cocaine. Cocaine can be two things; A Coca leaf that is naturally grinded into a powder like substance, or it can be made into a “Crack” rock and smoked by the user. The coca leaf is a naturally grown plant that has natural opium’s in it used for medicines such as morphine and Vicodin. In the United States, approximately 14% of the adults have tried cocaine at least one time in their life if not more. The most common way of using cocaine is to snort a line of it although it is possible to smoke it. The short term effects of cocaine can make any user want to experiment with this drug because it can be a “pick me up”. Cocaine has been said to have increased both energy as well as alertness and can put you in the greatest mood a person can ever be in. Cocaine has also been known to give the user a sense of supremacy like he or she can’t be hurt or is above any other individual. Perks like these can make any individual consider using cocaine on a regular basis. However, these are only the good perks to using the drug. Some other short term effects of using cocaine are extreme irritability, restlessness, paranoia, and bad anxiety. The approximate “high” of using cocaine last usually around 30 minutes but can last for up to two hours sometimes depending on the pureness of the cocaine. Cocaine is responsible for the most drug related hospital visits due to its long term effects. For example, the use of cocaine results in high blood pressure in the...
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...people in the western world might drink a cup of tea or coffee. The problem comes in separating the traditional everyday use of a mild stimulant with its much stronger and highly addictive alter ego, cocaine. Indeed, it could be argued that cocaine is truly “poison for the body and madness for the mind”, but should this misuse of a valuable commodity justify the complete eradication of the coca plant? Or is the coca plant a gift from Mother earth, to be cherished and appreciated? The following pages shall compare and contrast the pros and cons of the coca plants controversial existence in an attempt to gain a greater understanding of this dilemma. The opposing sides of the argument and their standpoints shall be identified. The difficulty in differentiating coca from cocaine will be examined. A comparison of the health benefits of coca verses the negative impacts of cocaine shall be made. The economic importance of the coca plant in the Andean region scrutinised. Firstly, we must identify the two sides of this argument. The Andean people believe that coca is a gift from mother earth and an integral part of their culture and way of life. The United Nations Narcotics Commission (UNNC) maintains that the coca plant is simply an ingredient for the production of cocaine and its eradicated should be given the highest priority. Bolivia is found at the heart of the struggle for the retention of the traditional use of the coca leaf. Bolivian president Evo Morales has been...
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