...ABC Pronunciary American English Pronunciation Dictionary Mary Gretchen Iorio Charles E. Beyer Vocalis Ltd. Copyright © 2001 Vocalis Ltd., Waterbury, Connecticut USA All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or any other form, without prior written permission of the publisher. Published by: Vocalis Ltd., 100 Avalon Circle, Waterbury, CT 06710 USA ISBN# 0-9709948-0-X Library of Congress Catalog Card Number: 98-90574 Printed in the U.S.A. Table of Contents Introduction ............................ pages 4-5 Letters of the alphabet ........... pages 6-83 R-controlled vowels ................ pages 84-89 Vowel digraphs ....................... pages 90-93 Consonant digraphs ............... pages 94-103 Consonant blends .................. pages 104-105 Silent letters ........................... pages 106-107 Vowel contrasts ...................... page 108 Consonant contrasts .............. page 109 Practice sentences ................. pages 110-111 Pronunciation key ................... pages 112-113 CLICK HERE Introduction English is one of the most widely-spoken languages in the world today, necessary for international business, cultural and travel purposes. The English language has a rich vocabulary and flexible grammar use. However, its pronunciation can be challenging at times because of the many complexities. ABC Pronunciary, an American English...
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...cosmetic dentistry A smile itself gives happiness to a man. A beautiful smile depends upon the teeth inside the mouth. The order or shape of teeth disturbed by accidents or by nature to someone. The word cosmetic dentistry is used to refer to make the appearance of teeth in a better way. It involves bonding, caps, removal of affected teeth and the abnormal structure of gums, teeth whitening, adding or removal of dental materials. Cosmetic dentistry in Dallas had many experienced doctors. Generally it will take twenty one to thirty five days to make a smile beautiful. But in Dallas it will take only seven days. It will save our money and time. They provide a dental bridge in case of missing teeth. In the olden days dental filling or false tooth would be fixed in the material of gold or amalgam. It will make an artificial look and not beautiful. But cosmetic dentists in Dallas use porcelain and a combination of porcelain with some other metals. It resembles the same as original. Whitening is the common treatment in all cosmetic dental...
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...toothpaste and Aqua fresh. They are both toothpastes which are advertised mostly on television and they differ in the way they are both aired. Aqua fresh toothpaste is highlighted as the only toothpaste that a family will need and they endorse in a way that all people with families should use Aqua fresh toothpaste. Sensodyne is toothpaste for sensitive teeth and it is dentist recommended and it is approved by the Kenya Dental Association. Both advertisements run every day on television and every company is trying hard to win consumers interest in terms of their product consumption. As much as it is healthy for people to brush their teeth with toothpaste, the way these products are advertised brings controversy in the society. People have different test and preference when it comes to sensitive products like toothpaste. Aqua fresh advertisement uses a family to endorse its product. The message accompanied by this product is; “what every family needs.” They portray their product to be the best for every family and they encourage parents to buy Aqua fresh toothpaste for r their families. Sensodyne toothpaste is for sensitive teeth and dentist recommended. Experts who are doctors are used in endorsing sensodyne toothpaste. The message that makes people think it’s the best toothpaste is where they say that it is recommended by the Kenya Dental Association. Many people are persuaded to change their toothpaste to sensodyne. They use charts to demonstrate on how sensodyne treats tooth...
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...“SELECTION AND ARRANGEMENT OF ANTERIOR TEETH FOR PREDICTABLE ESTHETICS AND FUNCTION IN COMPLETE DENTURE PROSTHESIS CONTENTS 1. INTRODUCTION 2. HISTORY 3. FACTORS CONSIDERED FOR DESIRED ESTHETICS FOR CONVENTIONAL COMPLETE DENTURE PROSTHESIS 4. SELECTION OF ANTERIOR TEETH 5. ANTERIOR TOOTH ARRANGEMENT AND PLACEMENT 6. PRINCIPLES OF TEETH ARRANGEMENT FOR ANTERIOR TEETH 7. GUIDELINES FOR TEETH ARRANGEMENT AND PLACEMENT FOR ANTERIOR TEETH 8. EVALUATION OF ESTHETICS 9. CONCLUSION 10. BIBLIOGRAPHY INTRODUCTION Esthetically and functionally acceptable complete dentures should not differ from natural teeth. Therefore, the selection and arrangement of artificial teeth is an important concern in complete denture construction. Several factors have been proposed as aids for artificial tooth selection and arrangement and numerous methods have been devised for evaluation of reliable esthetic factors in determining artificial tooth form and dimensions. Denture esthetics is defined as “the cosmetic effect produced by dental prosthesis which affects the desirable beauty, attractiveness, character and dignity of the individual.” The subject of esthetics, however, has always been a grey area in dentistry. It is not a totally scientific and objective description, nor is it hundred percent an art form. Denture esthetics is a blending or combination of the art form and the science of prosthodontics. As such it is not...
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...about 10 years, having been to several emergency dental appointments in the meantime. The patient has all permanent dentition excluding the upper left first molar, upper right second molar and both lower third molars which had all previously been extracted. The patients DMFT score is 9, the patient has 4 missing teeth and 5 amalgam restorations there are no obvious signs of decay at this present time. Her history of erosion is low due to the patient having a low intake of acidic drinks and the patients suffers sensitivity around her lower anterior teeth. Her periodontal health is poor with scores of 3 in each quadrant, her oral hygiene status is also poor, the patient has periodontal disease with gross calculus deposits around lower anterior teeth. The GDP has refered the patient on to me the application of fluoride varnish on all molar teeth to arrest/prevent any caries. The GDP would also like me to give the patient oral hygiene instructions to help improve her periodontal health. Overview of care Episode I began by explaining to the patient what the purpose of today’s visit was, and that I was going to apply fluoride varnish to all her molar teeth in each four quadrants, I then asked the patient had she ever heard of fluoride varnish, she replied no I then explained that the benefits of using fluoride varnish include helping to strengthen...
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...Valley, Switzerland Modern Swiss were Losing Their Health The Healthy People of the Outer Hebrides Gaelics on Modern Foods are Losing Their Health Genetics and Tooth Decay Aborigines of Australia Nutritive Values of Diets Compared Fat-soluble Vitamins and Activators Mantesh Why Tooth Decay with Modern Civilization? Weston Price's Tooth Decay Curing Protocol Dr. Price's Protocol Summarized Chapter 2 References CHAPTER 3 MAKE YOUR TEETH STRONG WITH FAT-SOLUBLE VITAMINS How Teeth Remineralize 101 Hormones and Tooth Decay Cholesterol The Miracle of Vitamin D Vital Fat-Soluble Vitamin A Cod Liver Oil Heals Cavities Weston Price’s Activator X More Fat-Soluble Vitamin Sources: Bone Marrow, Brain, Kidneys, and Glands Organs from the Water Fat-soluble Vitamin Summary Chapter 3 References CHAPTER 4 REMINERALIZE YOUR TEETH WITH WISE FOOD CHOICES The Town without a Toothache Deceptive Labeling Pasteurization Kills Milk Obtaining Raw Milk Good Soup Heals Your Teeth Blood Sugar Sweeteners Protein for Your Teeth Protein Assimilation...
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...ail.comIntroduction * In year 200 the toothpaste market stood as huge as Rs. 2,200-crore by value * Colgate revitalized Cibaca which was acquired by Colgate in 1994 from Ciba Geigy as Colgate Cibaca in 2000 to act as a price flanker for the company * In no time Colgate Cibaca became the 4th largest selling brand in paste category by gaining whopping 50% market share * To add to the positives of Colgate Cibaca it became a brand to reckon with despite the absence of an intensive communication strategy and support. This shows the inherent strength in the offerings that Colgate Cibaca promises to offer to its consumers * The brand Colgate Cibaca was blessed to have been provided with an excellent platform comprising sales and distribution channels courtesy the company’s flagship brand Colgate Dental Cream * The falloutof the above strategy lies in the fact that Colgate Cibaca relied heavily on trade level activities and below the line strategies for its success The Task Our task is to provide a comprehensive communication strategy to take forward brand Colgate Cibaca without cannibalising mother brand Colgate. The strategy will cover the following * Target Audience * Consumer understanding * Positioning * Communication and creative strategy * Media strategy Target Audience We have decided to define our target audience using three tools or methods. Geographic Given the value bundle that Colgate Cibaca promises to offer, the maximum...
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...Fluorides reduce decay by increasing the strength of teeth. Sodium fluoride is the most commonly used fluoride. Sodium perborate is used as a tooth whitening ingredient. Most toothpastes contain the preservative p-hydrozybenzoate. Water is also used for dilution purposes. The Manufacturing Process Weighing and mixing • 1 After transporting the raw materials into the factory, the ingredients are both manually and mechanically weighed. This ensures accuracy in the ingredients' proportions. Then the ingredients are mixed together. Usually, the glycerin-water mixture is done first. • 2 All the ingredients are mixed together in the mixing vat. The temperature and humidity of vat are watched closely. This is important to ensuring that the mix comes together correctly. A commonly used vat in the toothpaste industry mixes a batch that is the equivalent of 10,000 four-ounce (118 ml) tubes. Filling the tubes • 3 Before tubes are filled with toothpaste, the tube itself passes under a blower and a vacuum to ensure cleanliness. Dust and particles are blown out in this step. The tube is capped, and the opposite end is opened so the filling machine can load the paste. • 4 After the ingredients are mixed together, the tubes are filled by the filling machine. To make sure the tube is aligned correctly, an optical device rotates the tube. Then the tube is filled by a descending pump. After it is filled, the end is sealed (or crimped) closed. The tube also gets a code stamped on it...
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...Odontogenic Tumours Odontogenic tumours are generally considered rare in all species. However, precise epidemiological data are not available for the dog and cat. One of the main reasons for this is the continuing confusion regarding the true nature of some of these lesions. In many surveys the so-called epulides, which are localized swellings on the gingival margin and which constitute a variety of pathological entities, are either grouped together or excluded. Recent findings indicate that many epulides are odontogenic tumours. Another reason is the fact that many clinicians do not routinely submit epulides for histopathological examination, thereby introducing bias in the studies based on archival material. An accurate assessment of the nature of the condition is a prerequisite for therapeutic decision-making. It is therefore important to understand the biology of odontogenic tumours. CLASSIFICATIONS Odontogenic tumours have traditionally been classified based on the presence or absence of the phenomenon of induction. To understand the classification based on induction, it is important to consider the reciprocal interactions of epithelial and mesenchymal tissues during odontogenesis. The epithelial dental lamina invaginates to form the enamel organ. The inner enamel organ epithelium consists of the pre-ameloblasts. The mesenchymal odontoblast precursors migrate to the basement membrane and eventually make contact with the pre-ameloblasts. The pre-ameloblasts then induce...
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...category is low. The branding activities done by various brands has created awareness for this category. The customers now are choosing a brand that fulfils their dental requirements and liking. The competitors are giving value propositions such as strong teeth, complete germi check, freshness and all round protection, Himalaya could not position itself correctly in the mind of customers. Following are the reasons why: * It did not communicate the differentiating point and benefits of Himalaya dental cream. * The commercial advertisement was not convincing. It could not get the audience to try the product. VALUE POSITION SUGGESTED The brand should communicate the characteristics of its product to educate the audience about its benefits. The value position can be “Dental protection in a herbal way with Himalaya” The advertisements could portray that the Himalaya dental cream cures dental problems of swelling of gums, tooth decay, and bad breath using the ayurvedic ingredients like neem, meswak, pomegranate, etc. PTO Q7 | Brand | Value Proposition | Value Proposition Conveyed | Product Category | HUL | Closeup | Freshness, Confidence | Freshness | Freshness | | Pepsodent | Healthy Teeth and Gums, Prevents Cavities, Fights Germs | Prevents Cavities and Fights Germs | Overall Oral Health | Colgate | Dental Cream | All round Decay Protection | Decay protection, No. 1 brand | Overall Oral Health | | Total 12 | Germ Protection | | Overall...
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...Introduction: ¬Periodontium accredit to the specialized tissues that surround and support the teeth, and maintains them in the maxillary and mandibular bones. Periodontium is the anatomic assemblage of tissue, investing and supporting the tooth. The word comes from the Greek terms peri-, means "around" and -odons, means "tooth."1 In actual sense it means that which is "around the tooth". It provides the abutment all-important to advance teeth in function. The capital functions of periodontium is it provides attachment of teeth to the bone and to one another, adjustment to the changes due to ageing and wear, defense against noxious substances in oral cavity, resistance towards masticatory forces. It consists of four arch apparatus namely: gingival,...
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...The Narrative Essay The narrative essay is simply a complete account of an incident or incidents contained in one cohesive essay. The narrative essay is useful when writing an incident report, such as an automobile accident or a criminal action. By far, one of the best uses of the narrative is when introducing the thesis for a longer work, i.e. a research paper. Your audience for this essay is your fellow classmates and the teacher. Assignment Write a narrative essay, the purpose of which is the serve as evidence for the position you have taken on an issue. The issue in the sample essay is how the writer lost his teeth. The essay must be a minimum of 380 words and no more than 400 words. You will superscript the number of the comma rule that justifies it over each comma. When you turn in your final draft, you must turn in a minimum 100-word, process paragraph expressing what you learned as a result of this assignment. Learning Objectives • To format documents correctly in accordance with MLA; • To understand the structure of a narrative paragraph; • To understand your own unique voice (syntax and tone); • To eliminate sentence fragments, run-ons, and comma splices; • To eliminate point of view errors; • To eliminate verb tense errors; • To eliminate punctuation errors – commas; • To have fun. The Narrative Structure A narrative is a story, and like a story has a definite underlying structure. The parts of a narrative are the situation, conflict...
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...like 6:00 ó clock, it would be nice Secretary (Tita): Okey, perfect on Wednesday it’s fine. Second act The day’s appointment Patient (Karen): Hi I have an appointment at 6:00 ó clock Secretary (Tita): oh, well, let me check….oh, here it is 6 o’clock Patient (Karen): (laugh) can I come in to the consult? Secretary (Tita): I have to tell to the doctor and her assistant that you are here, and could you wait a few minutes please? (stand by) Secretary (Tita): Okey, they are ready to attend to you. Third act Asistent (Monse): hi, come in Dr (Luis): hello! good afternoon, how are you? Patient( Karen): well, I’m good, but I have a problem in a tooth Dr( Luis): okey, so take a sit and relax, I check you, and I will check your teeth, while, my asistent ask you a few a personal questions. Asistent (monse): so what’s your name? Patient(Karen): Karen Vieyra Viñas Asistent( Monse): how old are you? Patient(Karen): 20 years old Asistent(Monse): have you had systemic diseases at the moment? Patient( Karen): no I haven´t Asistent (Monse) :is the first dental consultation? Patient (Karen): no it’s not. Dr( Luis): okey, open the mouth please…..oh, you have decay, so I have to treatment., to resolve your problem. Asistent( Monse): how can I help you dr ? Dr(Luis): yes I need my instruments that are in this box, bring it to me please. Asisten( Monse): take it, anything else. Dr( Luis): no, it’s ok...
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...The extra-oral exam includes an observation of Rangi’s demeanor and general state of health. As mentioned before, observation should commence as soon as the patient enters the clinic and this should be continued while taking the history as already discussed above. Careful observation aids identifying risk factors for disease. For example, I will note changes in the skin, lips and general appearance as this will give me clues about nutrition and general health. I will observe if Rangi is breathing through his mouth or nose as a study by Nascimento-Filho, Mayer, Pontes, Pignatari, and Weckx (2004) have shown that mouth breathing may increase the risk for caries not only of the anterior teeth but also of the posterior teeth since desiccation of oral hard and soft tissues increases the numbers of Streptococcus mutans, a known pathogen for dental caries....
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...damaged or filled in the past. Dental crowns are an excellent choice to protect these more delicate teeth while giving an excellent cosmetic result, but occasionally they can cause problems that may lead to you seeking out emergency dental care. My dental crown has fallen off! Dental crowns can fall off for multiple reasons, including trauma to the tooth, dental decay or eating particularly hard or chewy foods. If your crown falls off try to locate it, as your dentist may be able to reattach it. Keep it in a clean, cool and safe place. Make an appointment to see your dentist and let the receptionist know what has happened. It's important to...
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