...of another person's work” • secondly to allow you and whoever is assessing your work to be able to easily trace the original source if need be. You need to refer to your sources in two places- • in the body of your work • in the list of references at the end. What follows shows you how to do this for various types of material: books, journals and electronic resources, preceded by a section on how to deal with quotes. The Harvard system of referencing is used for printed sources. At present, this does not cover electronic sources, but we will be using a commonly used set of guidelines for the latter. Please read through the handout, and try the practical exercises in Parts 1.3, 1.4 and 1.5 1.2 Using Quotations The following guidance on using quotations applies to all forms of material – books, journals and electronic items. It is appropriate to use quotations to support or illustrate points you wish to make in your assessed work, but they should be used relatively sparingly, and should be as brief as possible. The Harvard system requires you to use the author’s name, and then in brackets the year of publication and the page number on which the quote appears. Quotations of more than two lines in length should be indented. Note the use of the colon as well as to mark the boundary between your own words and the...
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...The author–date (Harvard) style This chapter explains some of the more common applications of the author–date (Harvard) style of referencing. It is based on the Style manual for authors, editors and printers, 6th edn, 2002, pp. 188–208 and pp. 220–32. You should always check your unit guide and/or with academic staff (unit chair, lecturer or tutor) to make sure that this is the recommended style for your unit. Note that some units, courses and disciplines use variations of the style described here. You must reference all material you use from all sources and acknowledge your sources in the body of your paper each time you use a fact, a conclusion, an idea or a finding from someone’s work. This establishes the authority of your work and acknowledges the researchers and writers you have drawn upon in your paper. It is necessary to cite your sources each time you: • reproduce an author’s exact words (quote); that is, copy word for word directly from a text. Page numbers must be included in the in-text citation when quoting directly. • use your own wording (summarise or paraphrase) to explain or discuss what someone has said. Page numbers should be provided if the summarised or paraphrased material appears in specific pages or sections of a work. If you copy an entire table, chart, diagram or graph or if you take only some of the data contained in such sources, you must provide a reference. Sources such as journals, books, encyclopedias, computer programs and software, information...
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...2010 Edition 1 A GUIDE TO REFERENCING with examples in the Harvard style A GUIDE TO REFERENCING with examples in the Harvard style RMIT International University Vietnam 2010 Edition 1 Learning Skills Unit RMIT International University Vietnam 702 Nguyen Van Linh Blvd. District 7, HCMC, Vietnam Tel: +84 8 3776 1300 Fax: +84 8 3776 1399 Website: www.rmit.edu.vn Acknowledgements The following RMIT Vietnam lecturers and staff assisted with this project: Christopher Barker Christopher Leute David Feliz Dominic Mahon Robert Hollenbeck Oanh, Pham Thi Hoang Tin, Nguyen Minh Tri Thuy, Le Mong Thank you very much for giving so generously of your time. Robyn Keech Coordinator, Learning Skills Unit February 2010 A softcopy of this referencing guide is available on Blackboard. TABLE OF CONTENTS INTRODUCTION………………………………………………..…………….… 5 I. Which referencing style should I use?........................................................................... 5 II. Why must I cite and reference my sources?.................................................................. 5 III. What is plagiarism?........................................................................................................ 5 IV. Is there plagiarism in sources on the Internet?.............................................................. 6 V. What is paraphrasing?................................................................................................... 6 VI. What is summarising?........
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...5 1.6 2 3 3.1 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 Issues associated with dates Multiple authors (et al. or and others) The Harvard system: style options Books Electronic books Journal articles Newspaper articles Websites Theses and dissertations Blogs and wikis Social networking sites Personal communications Conference proceedings Maps Audiovisual resources Visual resources Performance Parliamentary information Legal references Standards and patents Market research reports Further support and help 3 6 6 6 6 8 8 8 9 9 16 18 23 24 24 25 26 27 29 30 31 34 38 39 42 44 45 45 Return to contents 2 Introduction Welcome to the 9th edition of Citing References This guide has developed into a resource that offers recommendations and practical examples for intext citation and referencing using the Harvard system. Accurate citation and references are both cornerstones of good academic writing and you will be directed by your tutors to adopt the style used by your particular course or module. If you need advice about what method to use, contact your tutor. There are many methods of citation and this guide outlines aspects of the Harvard system guidelines given in BS ISO 690 (British Standards Institution 2010). Examples of Harvard style citations and references are highlighted. You may find that some of the examples in this guide are available to you via Library OneSearch. They are, however, illustrative and should not be seen as recommendations. Why cite at...
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...Mohammed Rafi 1 Mohammed Rafi Mohammad Rafi Background information Born Origin 24 December 1924 Kotla Sultan Singh, Punjab, British India Indian Died 31 July 1980 (aged 55) Mumbai, Maharashtra, India Genres Indian classical, ghazal, playback singing Occupations Hindi and Punjabi playback singer Instruments Vocalist Years active 1944–1980 Mohammad Rafi (Urdu: ,عیفر دمحمHindi: मोहम्मद रफ़ी; 24 December 1924 – 31 July 1980), was an Indian playback singer whose career spanned four decades.[1] He won a National Award and 6 Filmfare Awards. In 1967, he was honoured with the Padma Shri by the Government of India.[2] In a career spanning about 40 years, Rafi sang over 26,000 film songs.[3] His songs ranged from classical numbers to patriotic songs, sad lamentations to highly romantic numbers, qawwalis to ghazals and bhajans, and from slow melancholic tunes to fast and melodious fun filled songs. He had a strong command of Hindi and Urdu and a powerful range that could accommodate this variety.[4] He sang in many Indian languages including Hindi, Konkani, Urdu, Bhojpuri, Oriya, Punjabi, Bengali, Marathi, Sindhi, Kannada, Gujarati, Telugu, Maghi, Maithili and Assamese. He also recorded a few English, Persian, Spanish and Dutch songs. An article in Times of India, published on 24 July 2010 sums up his voice as, "If there are 101 ways of saying "I love you" in a song, Mohammed Rafi knew them all. The awkwardness of puppy love, the friskiness of teen romance, the philosophy of...
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...Harvard UWS Referencing Style Guide Overview Referencing Intellectual honesty and plagiarism About the Harvard UWS style In-text citation: Referencing sources within the text Reference list Electronic items Referencing secondary sources Different works of the same author and same year Books, book chapters and brochures Single author Two or three authors Four to six authors Corporate author / authoring body Edited book Chapter or article in book Other materials Acts of Parliament (includes bills) Australian Bureau of Statistics Brochure Government report Legal authorities (cases) Microfiche / microfilm document Patent/ Trademark (electronic database) Podcast (from the Internet) Government report (online) Image on the Internet Lecture (unpublished) / personal communication E-book Seven or more authors No author (incl. dictionary or encyclopaedia) Chapter or article in an edited book Standard Study guide Thesis / dissertation Tutorial / lecture handout Video recording, television program or audio recording Video or audio (from the Internet) Web page / document on the Internet Journal articles, newspaper articles and conference papers Journal article (print version) Journal article (full-text from electronic database) Newspaper article (available in print) ...
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...Citation Guide 2 0 1 1 – 1 2 A CA DE M IC YEA R Copyright © 2002–2011 by the President and Fellows of Harvard College. All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means without permission of the Harvard Business School. Harvard Business School must reserve the right to make changes at any time affecting policies, fees, curricula, courses, degrees, and programs offered (including the modification or possible elimination of degrees and programs); rules pertaining to conduct or discipline; or any other matters cited in this publication. While every effort has been made to ensure that this publication is accurate and up to date, it may include typographical or other errors. If you have any comments about this guide, please contact rreiser@hbs.edu or infoservices@hbs.edu. Printed November 2011. Table of Contents Citation Conventions About This Guide.............................................................................................................................................. 5 Purpose of Citations .......................................................................................................................................... 5 What to Cite ...................................................................................................................................................... 5 Types of Citations: Footnotes, Source Lines, and Bibliographies .........
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...Life is full of surprises The presentation of your report must follow the generally accepted style of a research paper, including depth and breadth of discussion and analysis, language, referencing style and layout. The referencing style should follow the Harvard UTS Referencing Guide. You are expected to undertake a rigorous literature search of discovery on your chosen topic, which includes a minimum of five (5) recent and relevant academic refereed publications (which is a mandatory component of the report). The length of your report should be between 2,500 to 3,500 o undertake a rigorous literature search of discovery on your chosen topic, which includes a minimum of five (5) recent and relevant academic refereed publications (which is a mandatory component of the report). Life is full of surprises The presentation of your report must follow the generally accepted style of a research paper, including depth and breadth of discussion and analysis, language, referencing style and layout. The referencing style should follow the Harvard UTS Referencing Guide. You are expected to undertake a rigorous literature search of discovery on your chosen topic, which includes a minimum of five (5) recent and relevant academic refereed publications (which is a mandatory component of the report). The length of your report should be between 2,500 to 3,500 o undertake a rigorous literature search of discovery on your chosen topic, which includes a minimum of five (5)...
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...KgepEKGPKMRTEFPVKCM,GLORK, Fully referenced essay Referencing is a vital part of producing high quality work, and the sources which you choose to cite can make a dramatic difference to your final grade. Your essay writer dedicates a large proportion of the writing time to locating the best sources for your essay. Our Essay Writing Service offers a choice of referencing styles. Standard options are Harvard, Oxford, OSCOLA, footnotes, APA, BMJ, Chicago, MHRA, MLA, Open University, Turabian and Vancouver. We also provide options for orders where no referencing is required and alternative referencing styles; we simply ask that you provide an attachment detailing your requirements. We also appreciate that there are university-specific variations to the common referencing styles and are happy to follow any referencing guide that you provide, to ensure you get exactly the style you want. Tailored to your level of study Our Essay Writing Company has a wide variety of writers with experience of writing and teaching across a broad range of academic levels. No matter whether you're studying at undergraduate, Masters, PhD, Diploma, GCSE or A-Level, we will find a writer capable of writing work to your stated level. Every order is designed to be appropriate for your level of study and is written and guaranteed to the grade which you order. Your writer will change their use of language to be appropriate for your level of study and level of English. This means that if English isn’t your...
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...Note: The following excerpts from the MLA Formatting and Style Guide refer only to the most common kinds of sources you will be consulting for your research paper. For other sources not covered in this handout, kindly refer to the MLA 7 Formatting and Style Guide found at the Online Writing Lab of Purdue University, which can be accessed at: https://owl.english.purdue.edu/owl/resource/747/1/. MLA Works Cited Page: Books When you are gathering book sources, be sure to make note of the following bibliographic items: author name(s), book title, publication date, publisher, place of publication. The medium of publication for all “hard copy” books is Print. Basic Format The author’s name or a book with a single author's name appears in last name, first name format. The basic form for a book citation is: Lastname, Firstname. Title of Book. City of Publication: Publisher, Year of Publication. Medium of Publication. Book with One Author Gleick, James. Chaos: Making a New Science. New York: Penguin, 1987. Print. Henley, Patricia. The Hummingbird House. Denver: MacMurray, 1999. Print. Book with More Than One Author The first given name appears in last name, first name format; subsequent author names appear in first name last name format. Gillespie, Paula, and Neal Lerner. The Allyn and Bacon Guide to Peer Tutoring. Boston: Allyn, 2000. Print. If there are more than three authors, you may choose to list only the first author followed by the phrase et al. (Latin for "and others")...
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...Steps for Writing a Term Paper LIBRARY GUIDE A TERM PAPER is a concisely written, documented paper of reasonable length in which a student identifies, analyzes, interprets, and draws conclusions from the facts and opinions of other people. A term paper requires a student to obtain information from a variety of sources (i.e., special subject indexes, encyclopedias and dictionaries, reference books, scholarly journals, books, and newspapers) and then place it in logically developed ideas. There are nine steps in writing a term paper, which will be illustrated with brief examples. Step 1: Select a Subject Step 2: Narrow the Subject into a Topic Step 3: State the Objective Step 4: Make a Preliminary Bibliography Step 5: Prepare a tentative Working Outline Step 6: Take Notes Step 7: Prepare a Final Outline Step 8: Write a Draft Step 10: Prepare Final Copy STEP 1: SELECT A SUBJECT To select a subject for a term paper, ask yourself the following questions: • • • • • Am I interested in the subject? Is the subject appropriate for my class? Is the subject too broad? too limited? Is the subject manageable in terms of length and deadline for completing the paper? Is the subject likely to be covered adequately in books, journals, or newspapers? your answers should be YES to most of these questions. Try to choose a subject you are interested in and will enjoy researching. In some courses, your instructor may give you a choice from a list of suggested topics. If you do not have a choice...
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...Steps for Writing a Term Paper LIBRARY GUIDE A TERM PAPER is a concisely written, documented paper of reasonable length in which a student identifies, analyzes, interprets, and draws conclusions from the facts and opinions of other people. A term paper requires a student to obtain information from a variety of sources (i.e., special subject indexes, encyclopedias and dictionaries, reference books, scholarly journals, books, and newspapers) and then place it in logically developed ideas. There are nine steps in writing a term paper, which will be illustrated with brief examples. Step 1: Select a Subject Step 2: Narrow the Subject into a Topic Step 3: State the Objective Step 4: Make a Preliminary Bibliography Step 5: Prepare a tentative Working Outline Step 6: Take Notes Step 7: Prepare a Final Outline Step 8: Write a Draft Step 10: Prepare Final Copy STEP 1: SELECT A SUBJECT To select a subject for a term paper, ask yourself the following questions: • • • • • Am I interested in the subject? Is the subject appropriate for my class? Is the subject too broad? too limited? Is the subject manageable in terms of length and deadline for completing the paper? Is the subject likely to be covered adequately in books, journals, or newspapers? your answers should be YES to most of these questions. Try to choose a subject you are interested in and will enjoy researching. In some courses, your instructor may give you a choice from a list of suggested...
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...researchers use to guide them; these standards build trust not just by the honesty of a researchers work but also in their integrity in the method that they use. Without ethics a researcher’s process could prove to have great ramifications. Ethical business researcher’s core value is responsibility and honesty. Researchers are aware of who can be affected should their work not be of the highest quality. Research is used for and is relied on for such things as product safety or as a guide in a particular market. Every step that is taken in the research process begins with the information that is gathered, documented, and even published so deviations may be within the law but are considered to be unethical practices. It is through researchers that new developments are made and may lead to better insight in things that others have already shed light and gathered information on. It is not uncommon for some researchers to taster between what is ethical and what is considered unethical. A psychology professor and scientist from Harvard University by the name of Marc Hauser had crossed the line between what was ethical and what was not. In an article that the Harvard Crimson ran September 2012 it stated that after a two year federal investigation, the Office of Research Integrity found this former Harvard psychology professor had doctored results of his research and was accused of 6 counts of research misconduct, lying about his data, and misrepresenting research methods in his Harvard lab in research...
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...Gates are two incredibly successful people. They both created commencement speeches for Harvard University that discussed their failures, their drive to help others, and their successes. These two speeches were both inspiring and motivating. When we take a look at Oprah Winfrey, we can see how incredibly successful she has become over the years. She had a 25 year run on her own television show, a magazine, and she currently has her own television network. Along with Winfrey’s success, she has had many failures. She did not allow those failures to define who she is; instead she used them as motivation. “And when you do I want you to know this, remember this: there is no such thing as failure. Failure is just life trying to move us in another direction” (Winfrey, 2013). In her commencement speech to the Harvard graduates, she used this quote to remind the graduates that they will fail but to not lose the motivation to succeed. She wants the graduates to use their success to help others, especially those who are less fortunate. When you think of Bill Gates, you may think there is no way the co-founder of Microsoft has ever failed at anything. Well, you’re wrong! Gates was a student at Harvard University but what you may not know is that he is a college drop-out. While he attended Harvard, he created numerous pieces of computer software but he considers dropping out of Harvard to be one of his biggest failures. As a software developer for Microsoft, he wanted...
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...architecture and its aesthetic qualities. Harvard Square, located in Cambridge, Massachusetts, is no different. Centrally located within Harvard University, it is evident the Square mimics the university’s attractive Georgian architecture. Other influential characteristics can be seen in the Square’s efforts for preservation, like Out of Town News, which gives the Square its own local character. These architectural qualities influence visitors’ behaviors to use the space to their own benefit through the use of impulse buying, triangulation, and different seating arrangements. Harvard Square not only provides a historic place for individuals to shop, dine and congregate, but also an opportunity to find their own center in a large, impersonal city. Is it possible that a certain color of brick or position of wall can manipulate a person’s behavior? As strange as it sounds, this influence can be seen in an area situated in the middle of an Ivy League campus that contains several clothing stores, a large underground train station, and restaurants. This “heterogeneous” area, known as Harvard Square, despite its age, is still considered unique and upbeat place within a historic, elite university. Since the heart of the Square is shaped like a triangle, different parts of Cambridge touch this area. For example, on the side of Massachusetts Avenue are Harvard University and its historic Harvard Yard. On the other side, locals, visitors, and Harvard students enjoy shopping areas and restaurants...
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