Premium Essay

Harvard Style Referencing

In: English and Literature

Submitted By ada001
Words 1649
Pages 7
If the author’s name occurs naturally in the sentence, only the year of publication is given:

eg This concept is discussed by Jones (1998) …

If there is no author, use a brief title instead:

eg (Burden of anonymity, 1948)

For websites, if there is no author or title, use the URL:

eg (http://www.xxxxxxx.org, 2010)

If the date cannot be identified, use the abbreviation n.d.:

eg (Labour Party, n.d.)

Page numbers should be included when there is a need to be more specific, for example when making a direct quotation. Use the abbreviation p. (for a single page) or pp. (more than one page):

eg As Kelvin stated (1968, p.100) ‘the value of…’

If referencing a secondary source (a document which you have not seen but which is quoted in one of your references) the two items should be linked with the term ‘cited in’:

eg …economic development (Jones, 2000, cited in Walker, 2004, p.53).

NB for above example of secondary sources: You would only be able to include the source you have actually read in your reference list – in the above example you could only give full details of Walker unless you have read Jones yourself. It is good practice to try to read the original source (Jones) so that you can cite and reference it in addition to the source which quoted it (Walker).

Handling Quotations in the text

Short quotations may be run into the text, using single quotation marks:

eg As Owens stated (2008, p.97), ‘the value of...’

Longer quotations should be separated from the rest of the text by means of indentation and optional size reduction, and do not need quotation marks:

eg Simone de Beauvoir (1972, p.365) examined her own past and wrote rather gloomily: The past is not a peaceful landscape lying there behind me, a country in which I can stroll

Similar Documents

Free Essay

Harvard Referencing Style

...Harvard Referencing Style BOOKS IN-TEXT EXAMPLE REFERENCE LIST EXAMPLE NOTES Single author whose name occurs naturally in the sentence In a popular study, Kadolph (2007) explained how different fibres react when approaching a flame. OR Kadolph, S.J. (2007) Textiles, 10th edition, New Jersey: Prentice Hall. Two books by the same author in the same year 2 authors As Kadolph (2007: 34) states, ‘During a burn test, cotton does not fuse or shrink from the flame’. According to Napier (1993b), a surprising number of sailors are unable to swim. Swales and Feak (2004) explore the types of essay organisation and characteristic functions. Napier, A. (1993a) Fatal storm, Sydney: Allen and Unwin. Napier, A. (1993b) Survival at sea, Sydney: Allen and Unwin. Swales, J. and Feak, C. (2004) Academic Writing for Graduate Students. 2nd edition, Ann Arbor: University of Michigan Press Fisher, R., Ury, W. and Patton, B. (1991) Getting to yes: Negotiating an agreement without giving in, 2nd edition, London: Century Business. 3 authors Fisher, Ury and Patton (1994: 36) suggest that when emotional issues cloud negotiation, ‘some thoughts are best left unsaid.’ OR ‘When anger and misperception are high, some thoughts are best left said.’ (Fisher, Ury and Patton, 1991: 36). Reference list: state the edition if not the first. In-text: put the page number for a direct quotation. Single inverted commas ‘’ are now preferred. Note the letters a and b to differentiate in-text...

Words: 1937 - Pages: 8

Premium Essay

Reerening

...Using the Harvard Referencing Style The Harvard referencing style is an author-date system very widely used around the world. Many universities recommend the use of this format system, as it offers an easy way of reading academic works and facilitating the finding of bibliographic references. The Harvard referencing style is used in almost any type of paper: from term papers, literature reviews, theoretical and empirical studies, to methodological articles, or other types of academic writings. Its main purpose is to provide an easy way of referencing sources in order to avoid suspicions of plagiarism and reinforcing the credibility of authors. Manner of referencing There are a number of sources you can cite within an academic paper: books, journals, Internet websites or newspaper articles are the most frequent. In order for the readers of your paper to pinpoint the original material, the Harvard referencing style consists of two elements, namely in-text citations and detailed references. In-text citations are the mentioning between brackets the author’s name and the date in which his or her book has been published. There are a number of rules regarding in text citations: They need to be consistently presented all through your written paper. www.academicsciences.co.uk 0203 551 6667 Custom essays, dissertations, coursework and assignments. - As stated above, in-text citations are written within round brackets, and normally found at the end of the sentence, before its...

Words: 1641 - Pages: 7

Premium Essay

Iunno

...Harvard UWS Referencing Style Guide Overview         Referencing Intellectual honesty and plagiarism About the Harvard UWS style In-text citation: Referencing sources within the text Reference list Electronic items Referencing secondary sources Different works of the same author and same year Books, book chapters and brochures      Single author Two or three authors Four to six authors     Corporate author / authoring body Edited book Chapter or article in book  Other materials        Acts of Parliament (includes bills) Australian Bureau of Statistics Brochure Government report    Legal authorities (cases) Microfiche / microfilm document Patent/ Trademark (electronic database) Podcast (from the Internet) Government report (online) Image on the Internet Lecture (unpublished) / personal communication E-book Seven or more authors No author (incl. dictionary or encyclopaedia) Chapter or article in an edited book         Standard Study guide Thesis / dissertation Tutorial / lecture handout Video recording, television program or audio recording Video or audio (from the Internet) Web page / document on the Internet Journal articles, newspaper articles and conference papers          Journal article (print version) Journal article (full-text from electronic database) Newspaper article (available in print) ...

Words: 4767 - Pages: 20

Premium Essay

Aple

...Harvard Referencing Guide Contents Acknowledging Sources................................................................................................................................................. 1 Variations in Referencing Styles within the Australian School of Business .......................................................................................................................................................................... 1 Using footnotes with in-text referencing How to Create a Reference List using a Harvard Style of Referencing ...................................................................... 1 Steps Involved in Referencing ....................................................................................................................................... 2 How to Cite References within the Text of an Assignment ......................................................................................... 2 Authors with the same surname and same publication year……………………………………………………………………2 Works with no author ........................................................................................................................................................ 3 Multiple authors ................................................................................................................................................................. 3 For a work that has more than three authors ....................................................................

Words: 6345 - Pages: 26

Premium Essay

Havard Referencing Guide

...Australian School of Business Harvard Referencing Guide Contents Acknowledging Sources................................................................................................................................................. 1 Variations in Referencing Styles within the Australian School of Business .......................................................................................................................................................................... 1 Using footnotes with in-text referencing How to Create a Reference List using a Harvard Style of Referencing ...................................................................... 1 Steps Involved in Referencing ....................................................................................................................................... 2 How to Cite References within the Text of an Assignment ......................................................................................... 2 Authors with the same surname and same publication year……………………………………………………………………2 Works with no author......................................................................................................................................................... 3 Multiple authors ................................................................................................................................................................. 3 For a work that has more than three authors ......................................

Words: 6349 - Pages: 26

Free Essay

Amir

...Student earning L Centre What is a referencing system? (Author-Date System) HARVARD REFERENCING There are many variations of the Harvard referencing style. This leaflet is based on the AGPS Style Manual (6th edn), 2002. It is advisable to check with each lecturer as to which variation they require you to use and to follow that advice for the work submitted to that lecturer. A referencing system is a standardised way of informing readers of the sources of information, ideas, graphics etc. that are used in any given work, e.g. your assignment. There are a number of different referencing systems, but those most commonly used at Flinders University are: • Harvard (an author-date system) • APA (American Psychological Association, also an author-date system) • The Note system (including footnotes and endnotes). Author-date systems use the authors’ surnames and the year of publication within the text of a work to refer to a detailed list of full references at the end of the work. The Note system uses numbers within the text to refer to details either at the bottom of the page (footnotes) or at the end of the work (endnotes). See the Student Learning Centre (SLC) brochures on the APA and Note systems for details on these systems. Referencing and academic integrity The use of a referencing system to acknowledge other people’s work, ideas and expression is integral to academic writing and academic integrity. See SLC leaflets on Academic Integrity or the 'Academic Integrity...

Words: 2227 - Pages: 9

Premium Essay

Marketing

...company operates, Competitors, Evolution of industry, Challenges to industry etc. – PRODUCTS/SERVICES BY THE ORGANIZATION Products/services/brands by the organization, details – MARKETING DEPARTMENT/FUNCTION How is the Marketing department managed organized in the organization? Who handles what responsibilities etc. • These are guiding points. You can choose your own style and structure but ensure that at the minimum these points are covered clearly. • Min. 2000 words report | Reference formally using Harvard style • Due: Mon/Tue, Oct 29/30, 2012 (as per your section’s class) Deliverable 2 2.0% – PROBLEM AREA/BEST PRACTICE You should identify a particular problem OR Best Practice which organization went through. It should be related to any area of Marketing. Briefly explain it. – BACKGROUND TO THE PROBLEM/BEST PRACTICE How it developed and all information related to the current situation in this issue is to be presented – TACKLING How it was tackled? What were the challenges? Give OWN opinion on where there was a better alternative with rationality. • These are guiding points. You can choose your own style and structure but ensure that at the...

Words: 590 - Pages: 3

Free Essay

Marketing

...Individual Assignment (50%) | Module’s Information | Module | MKT3204 21st Century Consumer Marketing (4cr) | Session | JAN 2016 | Programme | B.A.(HONS) IN MARKETING | Lecturers | Syed Izzaddin Syed Jaafar | | Email: syedizzaddin.jaafar@newinti.edu.my | Room: | Coursework Type | Individual Assignment | Percentage | 50% out of 100% | Hand-out Date | WEEK 2 | Due Date | WEEK 12 | Topic (state Company and Service) : | Student’s Declaration: | I declare that: * I understand what is meant by plagiarism. * This assignment is all my own work and I have acknowledged any use of the published or unpublished works of other people. * I hold a copy of this assignment which I can produce if the original is lost or damaged Name | ID | Word Count | Signature | 1. | | | | | Learning Outcomes Assessed: | LO1 LO2 LO3 | By the end of the course, students will be able to: Understand the factors used to identify customers. Use syndicated market research studies and targeting research to analyse the different theoretical frameworks that underpin research and inform alternative research methodologiesUnderstand and implement consumer and buyer behavior theories, models and frameworks | Penalty for late submission: | Coursework submitted up to one (1) week after the published deadline will receive a maximum numeric grade of 40%. Work submitted later than one (1) week after the deadline will be awarded a fail grade (0%)...

Words: 1331 - Pages: 6

Premium Essay

Life

...Life is full of surprises The presentation of your report must follow the generally accepted style of a research paper, including depth and breadth of discussion and analysis, language, referencing style and layout. The referencing style should follow the Harvard UTS Referencing Guide. You are expected to undertake a rigorous literature search of discovery on your chosen topic, which includes a minimum of five (5) recent and relevant academic refereed publications (which is a mandatory component of the report). The length of your report should be between 2,500 to 3,500 o undertake a rigorous literature search of discovery on your chosen topic, which includes a minimum of five (5) recent and relevant academic refereed publications (which is a mandatory component of the report). Life is full of surprises The presentation of your report must follow the generally accepted style of a research paper, including depth and breadth of discussion and analysis, language, referencing style and layout. The referencing style should follow the Harvard UTS Referencing Guide. You are expected to undertake a rigorous literature search of discovery on your chosen topic, which includes a minimum of five (5) recent and relevant academic refereed publications (which is a mandatory component of the report). The length of your report should be between 2,500 to 3,500 o undertake a rigorous literature search of discovery on your chosen topic, which includes a minimum of five (5)...

Words: 284 - Pages: 2

Premium Essay

Paper

...Citing & Referencing: Harvard Style Contents 1 2 3 4 5 5.1 5.2 5.3 5.4 5.5 5.6 5.7 1 What is referencing? Why should I reference? What should I reference? What is a citation? How do I write citations using the Harvard style? Citing one author Citing two or three authors Citing four or more authors Citing works by the same author written in the same year Citing from chapters written by different authors Secondary referencing Citing a direct quotation 2 2 3 3 4 4 4 4 5 5 5 6 5.8 Citing an image/illustration/ table/diagram/photograph/ figure/picture Citing from works with no obvious author Citing from multi-media works Citing from an interview or personal communication Tips on good quotation practice How do I write a reference? How do I write a reference list? Example of a reference list What is a bibliography? How to write references for your reference list and bibliography: Harvard style Sources of further help 6 5.9 5.10 5.11 5.12 6 7 8 9 10 7 7 7 8 10 14 14 16 Contents 17 25 11 What Is Referencing? There are many styles that can be used for referencing. When you are given coursework or dissertation guidelines, check which style of referencing your lecturer or department asks you to use. If you don’t check, and you use a style that is not the one stated in your guidelines, you could find you lose marks. This guide introduces you to the Harvard referencing style, which uses an ‘author-date’ approach. If your lecturer or department does...

Words: 4770 - Pages: 20

Premium Essay

Business

...Citing & Referencing: Harvard Style Contents 1. What is referencing? 2. Why should I reference? 3. What should I reference? 4. What is a citation? 5. How do I write citations using the Harvard style? 5.1 Citing one author 5.2 Citing two or three authors 5.3 Citing four or more authors 5.4 Citing works by the same author written in the same year 5.5 Citing from chapters written by different authors 5.6 Secondary referencing 5.7 Citing a direct quotation 5.8 Citing an image / illustration / table / diagram / photograph / figure / picture 01 01 02 02 03 03 5.9 Citing from works with no obvious author 5.10 Citing from multi-media works 5.11 Citing from an interview or personal communication 5.12 Tips on good quotation practice 05 06 06 06 6. How do I write a reference? 7. How do I write a reference list? 8. Example of a reference list 08 11 11 13 14 21 03 9. What is a bibliography? 03 04 10. How to write references for your reference list and bibliography: Harvard style 11. Sources of further help 04 04 04 05 There are many styles that can be used for referencing. When you are given coursework or dissertation guidelines, check which style of referencing your lecturer or department asks you to use. If you don’t check, and you use a style that is not the one stated in your guidelines, you could find you lose marks. This guide introduces you to the Harvard referencing style, which uses an ‘author-date’ approach. If your lecturer or department...

Words: 4908 - Pages: 20

Premium Essay

Harved Refrecne

...A Short Guide to the Coventry University Harvard Reference Style The Coventry University’s Harvard Reference Style is the recommended format for documenting all the sources you use in your academic writing. The golden rule when documenting sources is to be transparent. Ask yourself whether you could find the passage/image/publication/web site address with the information you have provided. To download a full guide on using the CU Harvard Reference Style, visit www.coventry.ac.uk/caw and follow the ‘CU Harvard Style’ links. The Harvard Reference Style is a simple referencing system used internationally by scholars and researchers. There are two elements: I. In-text citations: In the body of your paper, give the surname of the author and the date of publication. (For a web site, give the organisation as the author). Also give the page number if you quote or paraphrase. II. List of References: At the end of your paper, give full publication or internet information, arranged alphabetically by (sur)name of author so that a reader can easily locate every source. Some tutors and subject groups may require you to use an alternative referencing style. If you are unsure, ask your module tutor. It is your responsibility to find out whether your tutor requires you to use a different referencing style. Harvard Reference Quickstart Style Guide by Coventry University is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs 3.0 Unported License. Lanchester Library Learning, Research...

Words: 886 - Pages: 4

Free Essay

Effects of Gadgets to Students

...HBS CASE Guide to Harvard Referencing University of Hertfordshire Hertfordshire Business School Centre for Academic Skills Enhancement (CASE) Harvard Referencing Guide This updated guide has been produced by CASE Academic Advisers to promote accurate Harvard referencing in the Business School. Harvard referencing style has many varieties. This version has been developed to ensure conformity with the basic Harvard referencing conventions and in relation to feedback from HBS lecturers and students. Accurate referencing is ESSENTIAL because: 1) Your work must be ‘evidenced' with references to appropriate academic theory and practitioner experience. 2) Your reader must be able to see which ideas and words are your own and which are not. 3) Your lecturer must be able to check your sources and see which ones you have used to support your assertions. 4) Your lecturer needs to see if you have read and understood course material and how you have used the work of others to develop your own ideas. 5) Other readers might want to find and read some of the sources you have used. 6) If you do not reference, you might be accused of stealing the work/ideas of others - this is plagiarism. Revised: 03/10/14 1 © HBS CASE, 2014. HBS CASE Guide to Harvard Referencing You should note that Harvard is a modern ‘author-date’ referencing system and should not be used in the same document with the older numerical /footnote systems that use numbers in the text and...

Words: 8372 - Pages: 34

Free Essay

Economic Policy

...Room 221 pbrczy@ibs-b.hu The final paper must be word processed and submitted on paper and electronically as well! The submission is incomplete unless both copies are received. Incomplete submissions will not be marked at all (shall receive a mark of 0). Late submissions (max. 1 week) will be charged a -15% penalty. The project can be completed by an in-class presentation. Volunteers shall sign up for the presentation at the module leader and discuss the content in advance. Inappropriate presentations will receive no marks. Criteria of assessment The paper shall refer to at least three articles from peer-reviewed journals (accessible via the library) or academic books, other than the compulsory readings for the module. Referencing: the sources of all materials...

Words: 688 - Pages: 3

Premium Essay

Corona Beer

...Master in Business Administration Module Assignment Title Assignment Type Word Limit Weighting Student Intake Operations Management Operations Management – Critical Evaluation of Relevant Issues Report 4000- 4500 words 50% Feedback Date Issued by (Assessor) Internal Verifier Plagiarism S M A Hashmi When submitting work for assessment, students should be aware of the LSBF guidance and regulations in concerning plagiarism. All submissions should be your own, original work. You must submit an electronic copy of your work. Your submission will be electronically checked. The Harvard Referencing System must be used. The Wikipedia website must not be referenced in your work. Harvard Referencing Scenario To use operations as a competitive weapon, organisations must use its resources effectively, in a way that satisfies its customers. Operations Management is said to be common responsibility of all managers irrespective of which function they are in. A manager needs to be aware of the overall operations of the organisation to contribute well to end to end process/processes. Your Task This assignment requires you to write a report on the operations management of a chosen organisation (preferably a medium sized firm). In the report you must: a) Identify the overall input, transformation and output operations of the firm b) Identify those major operation areas that are critical to the competitive advantage of the chosen organisation c) Critically evaluate the performance of each...

Words: 1407 - Pages: 6