...1.0 INTRODUCTION Dr. Quarantelli is a widely known scholar of the social science of disasters. His first involvement in the area dates back to 1949 when he participated in the first disaster field studies in the National Opinion Research Centre (NORC) team. Quarantelli is also author and/or editor of 29 books as well as author of 101 chapters in books, 114 articles and 150 other publications mostly on disaster topics. The article chosen for this assignment was published in The Journal of Contingencies and Crisis Management (JCCM), in December 1996. JCCM is a peer-reviewed academic journal that covers all theoretical and practical aspects relating to crisis management and published by Blackwell. 2.0 ARTICLE SUMMARY The article assumes two master trends, industrialisation and urbanisation. The author discusses the likely negative and positive affects that will emanate from these trends at some stage in the future. The first trend, industrialisation, with its ever increasing development of technology, is expanding rapidly and this article provides examples on the advances in both computer technology and bio-engineering. Governments, industry and societies have an ever increasing dependence, not only on computer technology, but the linkages to other technologies and massive networks that...
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...Health and Safety Definitions of hazard Risk and control Hazards: Working practices Moving and handling – when moving people it important, risk of not moving correctly, control trained correctly understanding in how to move safely etc. Giving injections – giving injections is important to be done correctly or series damage can be done. Insure correct dosage is being given, trained in how to give safe injections etc. Infection: Damage is can do, Control procedures should always be followed by care workers there are four main causes of infection (list them). List how this can be controlled. (In book list) Hazardous waste: What it is, how it can cause harm, how to dispose it correctly Security In book Why security should be in place the risk if its not correctly. How to control. Using equipment Poor maintenance, by lack of maintain is can cause serious harm, explain risk, control regular testing on equipment. Incorrect use- from lack of training the user can cause more harm to the patient correct training is needed to reduce the risk of this happening, ensuring regular training on new staff etc. Substances Cleaning products, harm if ingested or on skin. Control store items in correct place. Handled correctly be aware and understand the hazard labels, for when you are using the items. Physical environment. Poor ventilation, harm dirty and infection air which needs to be ventilated in the car setting because of vulrable people cause form...
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...Health Hazards in the IT profession When you tell someone you are in the IT profession they usually come back with something like “oh so you get to sit around all day playing on a computer!” The truth is there are lots of risks with “sitting around playing on a computer”. Being at a desk and in front of a computer can be just as hazardous as being a construction worker or a mover for a moving company. There are health hazards that go along with sitting all day. Blood clots from lack of movement, the lighting of the computer screen which cause headaches and eye strain. With a busy work environment, often time there is no time for a nice long lunch hour which leads to grabbing something quick and usually not the healthiest on the menu. This is just to name a few of the problems with being an IT. It’s hard to believe an industry such as Information Technology can actually be hazardous to your health. Did I mention stress? Although there are a lot of physical issues that come with the IT profession, I would like to focus on the stress of the IT profession. It was not long ago that I worked in an office environment and had no idea what it took to be an “IT person”. I was one of the many that complained about how long it took to get and IT person to look at my computer to see what was wrong with it. Until now, I had no idea. With the tighter budgets caused by the economic strain, there has been a problem with understaffing in the IT field. Unfortunately, understaffing...
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...As the world evolves it creates more and more hazards that we are faced with on a daily basis. The difference between the hazards is fairly easy to separate because each has their own unique story behind them. First responders are charged with responding to these hazards however depending on the wrong place wrong time scenario an ordinary person could also be in the position to respond or worse were part of one. The first difference is the research that exists to deal with terrorism hazard versus a traditional hazard [1]. A natural hazard has had several hundreds years of research and experience in dealing with them. A tornado did not just begin last week they have been occurring for as long as man existed. These experiences as allowed man to evolve to deal with and in many cases survive the tornado. A straw hut 1000 years ago stood no chance against a tornado. Now through trial and error home owners have build state of the art storm shelters under ground to survive any size tornado. The structures may receive cosmetic damage but more times than not they will survive the attack. Unlike a terror case where they come in several shapes and sizes and likely in forms that have yet to be seen. There is little or absolutely no warning when dealing with them....
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...frequently, and worse, many kinds of hazards hit these zones. Arizona is rated the tenth state most at a risk to disasters in the US according to Huddleston (2014, June). The Yuma County and the City of Yuma are hit time to time by disasters. This area is cited as one the highest probability disaster areas in the state (FEMA, 2012). This disaster champion experiences all types of hazards as stated in FEMA (2012). Hazards categorization, the magnitude of disasters’ damage and the consequences, a case study of a Presidential Disaster Declaration and the lessons learned from all the processes, the generalization of some lessons learned from this community to other communities with similar demographics and hazards...
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...Health Care Moral Hazard “Moral hazard is a term describing how behavior changes when people are insured against losses.” Moral hazard can be entered into all characteristics of life throughout a business in internal and external affairs. Before researching about Moral Hazard we had no idea what it pertained to besides the definition. It is a widespread problem that has been growing over the past decade. We chose a Moral Hazard in health care because we feel that it is a rising dangerous conflict in the United States. In this essay we will be presenting an argument about Moral Hazard in the Health Care profession. Although there are many to discuss we will only examine one. The argument we would like to make is people are using too much medical insurance, and that’s why our costs are becoming too high. What this means is we are accepting insurance that is worth more to us than we spend to obtain it. When we know if we can’t pay the amount of money back that someone else will be paying the bill, we will use more medical insurance because the amount of money to obtain it is far below the amount of the service itself. For example, if we go to the doctors the medical insurance will pay an amount to the doctor and we pay a co-payment way less than the actual amount. In the “moral hazard” case, we’re using care that costs more than it’s worth. It can be argued that the insurer is getting ripped off. The reason this is a concern for financial market observers is, the process used...
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...Mander Centre, I came across a number of potential hazards, which could potentially cause harm within this setting. The Mander Centre is a place where many service users can go to enjoy themselves, to shop in the many stores or to go eat in the fine restaurants – the town is place to hundreds of visitors per day, using the faculties available, constantly. This is why I was surprised to see a large number of hazards which could easily harm the service users in this area. One of the first hazards I came across was a bag full of sand, which was supposed to be keeping in place protection barriers, however the heavy bag had been left in the middle of the pavement. I believe this to be a major risk, a service user could easily trip and fall over this bag, which could result in major injuries. To prevent such a thing from happening, I would simply inform a nearby builder or a police officer (who are always round town) about the situation and thus allowing it to be placed correctly. I would not attempt to do this myself, as I do not know why this was placed or where this should be placed and attempting to pick up such a heavy bag, could lead to me resulting in a back injury ; if the item is not lifted and placed properly. The second safety hazard I came across was a large box of waste pilled in front of a closed up shop. This box was over pilling and cans and cups were fallen across the floor. I believe this to be a safety hazard, as due to Wolverhampton's habit to pick up strong winds...
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...Potential Hazards in Health and Social Care Settings While working at Langdale view a residential care home, I came across many potential hazards. A hazard is anything that can cause harm to an individual. Hazards affect all the people working in that care setting including, staff, visitors and individuals, there are a lot of hazards which can be found in and around every health and social care setting. Hazards: Hazards in the physical environment The physical environment is the surroundings around you, a potential hazard that can occur from the physical environment within a health and social care environment such as a residential care home, can be poor ventilation because it is important that the air in a room is breathable an does not cause any breathing problems or spread infections. This is a health hazard because it can cause a person to become ill due to airborne infections. To reduce this risk, the ventilation should be checked regularly and windows should be opened from time to time. Lighting in rooms of a residential care home is very important as poor lightning is a hazard especially for the elderly as some may have poor vision and if there is no emergency lightning there is a risk that an elderly resident will trip over something because they cannot see properly whereas if the lighting in the room is too bright, it can cause sight problems such as weak eyesight or watery eyes when in bright light. Hazards from equipment Hazards from equipment can include anything...
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...The two factors that will be discussed that can decrease human vulnerability to natural hazards are Wealth and Age. The wealthier a person is the less effected they are by natural hazards. This is because of many reasons such as, when a natural hazard occurs like an earthquake, the class a person lives in may influence how a person is affected by natural hazards. If a person lives in a lower economic group the more vulnerable they are to natural hazards. The lower the class, the less wealthy they are and the more susceptible to natural hazards like earthquakes and volcanoes. The poor are unable to pay for new housing if there houses get damaged. They have less access to medical assistance and more than likely no education this means that they...
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...“Discuss the view that the impact of earthquake hazards depends primarily on human factors (40)”. I agree to some extent about the statement above and that human factors can affect the impact of an earthquake hazard. A hazard is an object or process that has the potential to cause harm. Ground shaking, ground displacement and flooding are some of the hazards that are produced during an earthquake. In relation to the question above the type and severity of the impact can be affected by physical factors (such as the magnitude and frequency of the quake) as well as human factors (population density and education). I will be discussing the question using the following case studies, Sichuan, Indonesia and L’Aquila. On the 12th May 2008 an earthquake occurred at 2:28pm in Sichuan because the pressure resulting from the Indian plate colliding with the Eurasian was sent along the Longmenshan fault line that runs through Sichuan. The earthquake lasted 120 seconds and reached 7.9 on the Richter scale, one of the deadliest to strike China in recent years and its effects were felt as far away as Taiwan, Thailand and Bangladesh. Although the area has a long history of tectonic activity, it seems it was not prepared for an event of this magnitude. With a population consisting of 87.26m people the death toll stood at nearly 70 thousand along with 374,000 people injured and 5m left homeless. Making this Chinas worst earthquake since 1976 when 240,000 people were killed in Tangshan. Even...
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...When creating risk assessments it’s about producing a table of which identifies all the possible hazards that could take place in the workplace. Every workplace must produce a risk assessment and by creating this you are pointing out all the risk that could take place but also putting in place steps to prevent it from happening. The process of doing risk assessments is to identify hazards and state what they are but also analysing the hazard as to what risks are involved with that hazard and what harm it could bring. Finally, stating the steps that need to be taken in order to eliminate or to control the hazard from occurring. Doing a risk assessment is really important they form an essential part because doing a risk assessment is the key to a good occupation because they help they help to create awareness of the hazards and risks. The aim of having a risk assessment is the process of trying to remove hazards and remove the risk that it accompanies and adding precaution to stop the risks from taking place. The reason as to why a risk assessment is produced is to enable the employers to take safety measures in order to protect the staffs that work in that workplace. A risk assessment is used to assess a place like hospitals , care homes , infant schools , walk in centre and many more to help reduce risks by producing a risk assessment .It helps make aware all the possible hazards and who...
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...Risk assessment P3 Assignment: carry out a risk assessment in a health and social care setting. M2: Assess the hazards identified in the health and social care settings. D1: Make a re-commendation in relation to the identified hazards to minimize the risk to the service user group. For this assignment I am going to carry out risk assessment that can occur in child nursery playground these includes: * Slide- cars, trike * water table * open gate * slippery floor, trips and fall * smaller toys laying around * banned swing IDENTIFIED HAZARD | RISK M2 | CONTROL D1 | Slide- cars, trike (broken slide, broken toys cars and broken wheels on the trike) the children can come in to contact with this toys and they get injured. | Likelihood 1 | Severity 2 | Risk 1X2 =2 | This hazard would affect the both staffs and children but mainly the children. So for this hazard to be controlled or prevented, all staffs are to looking after and supervising the children and also they should always ensure that all toys used for playing is be inspected and maintained regularly by the person in charged. Another way this hazard can be prevented or controlled is if playing toys were to be made with rubber to prevent serious injuries if the kids were to by any chance come in contact with any broken toys. Children playing outside nursery should be supervised at all times by a member of staff to ensure that the kids don’t hurt them while playing with other toys available...
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...1. (4)Implemen 6)Implementing and monitoring organisational procedures and legal requirements for identifying hazards and assessing and controlling risks • Identify the potential hazards in the organisation in accordance with WHS policies and procedures According to WHS policies and procedure the potential harzards in the company are: 1. keyboard work for long periods without a break 2. activities that involve lifting or carrying materials or equipment 3. trip hazards like trailing cords, frayed carpet or boxes in walkways 4. using a hazardous substance for cleaning 5. noise generated by machinery 6. working with sharp instruments, e.g. broken can for recycle them 7. working with or close to machinery with moving parts • Explain the steps that the organisation would take for the hazards and risks that have been reported 1) To identify the hazard- Involves finding things and...
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...serious need of repair. Project Document: Risk is a powerful force in innovative organizations for the obvious reason that it means the future outcomes of decisions are uncertain and, less obviously, because it can foster decision biases like loss aversion and over-optimism. The construction or retrofitting of a school building is a valuable educational opportunity with the potential to further strengthen community ownership of the school and demonstrate hazard-resilient techniques that can be replicated in homes and other buildings. Every school must be constructed as a safer school and existing unsafe schools must be retrofitted to be disaster resilient. The Education for All will not be achieved without the construction of safer and more disaster resilient education facilities. At a time when the frequency and magnitude of extreme climatic events is rising, a growing number of the world’s school-going children are increasingly exposed to earthquakes, wildfires, floods, cyclones, landslides and other natural hazards. For example: • The Sichuan earthquake (2008) killed more than 7,000 children in their schools and an estimated 7,000 classrooms were destroyed. • The cyclone Sidr in Bangladesh (2007) destroyed 496 school buildings and damaged 2,110 more. • The Super Typhoon Durian (2006) in the Philippines caused $20m USD damage to school, including 90-100% of school buildings in three cities and 50-60% of school buildings in two other cities. • The earthquake in Pakistan...
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...Risk prediction in the chemical industries can be presented in a way it allows easy judgemental of the acceptability of risks. This helps to reduce hazards in chemical process plant operations. Risk can be defined as the likelihood of an accident or unwanted event occurring at a particular period of time. Hazard can be a situation that can cause damage or injury. As it is known it is not possible to have ZERO risk in any operation. So it is highly important risk are identified, controlled if possible and therefore reduced. Risk Assessment is defined as the process of examining the chances of a hazard in a workplace. For example the hazards in a flare gas recovery system can be analysed for possible hazards to workers and the public. The stages of risk assessment include: * Identification of the hazard which can be based on past events. There are also tools like HAZOP, FMEA, SWIFT etc to determine any potential hazard. * Next is the frequency analysis which gives an estimate of how likely an accident can occur. In the case of a flare gas recovery system, it may be how likely is it to have the release of gas into the flare header due to equipment failure. Fault tree analysis and even tree analysis are mostly used for this estimation. They are both use to determine the probability and frequency of an incident (hazard). The results from these are used to analysis the acceptability of a particular chemical plant activity. * After frequency analysis is the consequences...
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