...1994 The Occupational Safety and Health Act 1994 (OSHA 1994) is the overall legislation in respect of safety and health and the current law on Factories and Machinery Act 1967 (FMA 1967) shall be maintained as the technical aspect of safety legislation. (Tan K.H., 1995) The Occupational Safety and Health Act 1994 (OSHA 1994) which is based on the concept of self-regulation places the responsibility to ensure safety and health of workers on those who create the risk (the employers) and those who work with the risk (the employees). This legislation was made considering the fact that the Factory and Machinery Act 1967 only covers occupational safety and health in the sectors consist only 24% of the nation's total man power, while OSHA 1994 would cover 90% of the nation's total man power. (Azahar, 2013) The Occupational Safety and Health Act 1994 encourage constant active consultation and co-operation between employers and workers in the fulfillment of each other's duties and responsibilities in relation to Occupational Safety and Health. The Act's objectives would be achieved through a new approach which revolves around the conviction that a workplace will have an excellent chance of attaining a good standard of Occupational Safety and Health if it has a good Occupational Safety and Health management system supported by the workplace's top-level management. This Act was gazetted on 25th February 1994 and may be cited as the Occupational Safety and Health Act 1994 (Act 514)...
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...of solar power come from one place. That is the lack of infrastructure in place to support it. That is the source of the argument about whether to user solar power and how much to use it. On one side people will argue that solar power can’t support our power needs. It costs too much to implement, and isn’t reliable enough. On the other side people will argue that solar power is free to use. If we invest more in infrastructure and research new, more efficient energy storage technologies, then the price for implementation can be brought down. These are the reasonable arguments that both sides make, however also have those with extreme views on the issue. There are some that will not consider any alternative energy solutions, because they are making money off of what is in place already. They implement roadblocks in the way of alternative energy solutions, and sometimes buy up patents and never use them. Those that hold the extreme view for alternative energies believe that everyone should stop using fossil fuels, and use only alternative energies. Many believe that we should spare no expense to getting new energies in place. Some even believe that we should take a step back, and trying using less energy. They believe that we should try to integrate more into our environment. They look at the past and say “Hey, we used to live this way.” They forget about the advances we have made because of our modern society. There are good against both for and against solar power, and alternative...
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...National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Jump to: navigation, search NIOSH logo The National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) is the U.S. federal agency responsible for conducting research and making recommendations for the prevention of work-related injury and illness. NIOSH is part of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) within the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. NIOSH is headquartered in Washington, D.C., with research laboratories and offices in Cincinnati, Ohio; Morgantown, West Virginia; Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania; Denver, Colorado; Anchorage, Alaska; Spokane, Washington; and Atlanta, Georgia.[1] NIOSH is a professionally diverse organization with a staff of 1,400 people representing a wide range of disciplines including epidemiology, medicine, industrial hygiene, safety, psychology, engineering, chemistry, and statistics. The director of NIOSH is John Howard. The Occupational Safety and Health Act, signed by President Richard M. Nixon, on December 29, 1970, created both NIOSH and the Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA). NIOSH was established to help ensure safe and healthful working conditions by providing research, information, education, and training in the field of occupational safety and health. NIOSH provides national and world leadership to prevent work-related illness, injury, disability, and death by gathering information, conducting scientific...
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...UNION BUDGET 2012-13 16 March 2012 INTRODUCTION The Indian Government finds itself in an unenviable economic position at the current moment. First, the tight monetary policy adopted by the RBI in the past months has led to a dip in GDP growth rates, from the 9% figure projected in the previous budget to a modest 6.9%. Second, there has been an increase in the fiscal deficit, which can be explained by lower than expected revenue collections from taxes (due to slowing growth), low disinvestment and spectrum sale revenues, and the growth of subsidies leading to an increase in government expenditure during FY 2011-12. India’s fiscal deficit during FY 2011-12 was 5.9%, far above last year’s budget estimate of 4.6%. Third, given the current volatile political scenario, the government has to project a pro-common man image. Budget 2012-13 appears to be a realistic budget, balancing the objectives of financial prudence, GDP growth and populist measures. Most of the policies put forth in this budget were along expected lines. And, the initial response from the stock market supports the same. Fiscal prudence The finance minister clearly outlined measures the government is taking to increase its revenues, including increasing the service tax rate to the pre-stimulus level of 12%, increasing excise duty to 12% and setting a disinvestment target of Rs. 30,000 crore for the year. This budget’s big idea was the introduction of systems to enhance the simplification of tax laws, increase...
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...MarketDefinition The healthcare providers sector is valued as total expenditure on healthcare in each country. This includes final consumption spending on healthcare goods and services. Goods and services in this sector include inpatient, outpatient, long-term medical care, medical goods including pharmaceuticals and supplies, and collective services such as administration requirements. Public spending (e.g. by national and local governments, social security schemes) and private spending (e.g. payments made by private-sector health insurers and individual out-of-pocket expenditures) are both included. Any currency conversions used in the creation of this report have been calculated using constant 2010 annual average exchange rates. For the purposes of this report, Asia-Pacific comprises Australia, China, India, Indonesia, Japan, New Zealand, Singapore, South Korea, Taiwan, and Thailand. ResearchHighlights *The Chinese healthcare providers sector is expected to generate total revenue of $303.9 billion in 2011, representing a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 15.9% between 2007 and 2011. *The outpatient care segment is expected to be the sectors most lucrative in 2011, with total revenue of $106.4 billion, equivalent to 35% of the sector's overall value. *The performance of the sector is forecast to decelerate, with an anticipated CAGR of 11% for the five-year period 2011 - 2016, which is expected to drive the sector to a value of $512 billion by the end...
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...Describe how health and safety legislation, policies and procedures promote the safety of individuals in a health social care setting. 1- The food safety Act 1990 This Act is created to guarantee that all food is delivered safe to be consumed, from where they come from till the place where it will finally be purchased. Also the Act states that all food premises must be inspected by authority officer (is an environmental health or trading standards officer) who have power to enter food premises to investigate possible offences, to inspect and make sure that the premises is safe for commercialization of food. In case of any doubt the authority officer has the power to take samples of food to detain suspect food or seize the premise. The Act also states that it is illegal to add substances in the food as ingredients when preparing food; all food must be labelled in ways that the client can understand it easily. If the premise or organisation in case thinks that The Authority Officer was wrong in his decisions, the premise has the right to appeal against such action and entitlement to compensation. All food stores must be registered with the local authorities. The local authorities are contained in Statutory instrument 1991 N∘. 2825 2- Manual Handing Operations Regulations 1992 (MHO) This regulation was made, because most of injury cases are caused by poor manual handling operation. Many thousands of people working within the Health and Social Care sector has to take...
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...corners on safety is strong. The penalties for employees who raise safety concerns are deemed to be ‘unco-operative’ can be severe, as North Sea Oil workers have found to their cost over many years. By contrast the penalties for employers who flout the law on safety are generally derisory, however, there is extensive health and safety law in the UK, in particular the Health and Safety at Work Act 1974 and, more recently, the transposing into domestic legislation of important European directives. There is also a regulatory agency, the Health and Safety Executive, HSE, which is supposed to enforce the legislation and which is itself responsible to the overseeing body, the Health and Safety Commission, HSC. The question is how far the UK system of health and safety protection for employees at work is now threatened by the government’s deregulation programme. Trade Union s and Health and Safety Since the mid 1970’s the trade union movement has played a pivotal role in health and safety at the workplace through the system of trade union appointed safety committees and safety representatives. Section 2(4) of the Health and Safety at Work Act, under which safety committees were established provided for the appointment of safety representatives by ‘recognised trade unions’ (that is, by independent trade unions that the employer recognised for the purposes of collective bargaining on terms and conditions of employment). Section 2(5) of the Act required the election of safety representatives...
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...competitive business environment. This report is about to research the global marketplace for the business sector and develop a revised strategic and tactical marketing plan. I define our marketing goal as “the diversification of the business” by entering into the market as a construction contractor in both target markets 1 and 2 i.e. House building and Infrastructure. The marketing objective focuses on the efficient service and quality by keeping the market’s demand into consideration. To fulfil our objectives company will follow different strategic approaches like cost-leadership, mixed strategy depending upon the target market demand and strengths of the company. The reason for selecting House building and Infrastructure construction as the target market is the past and forecasted growth and the growing demand in these sectors in coming years which provides ample opportunity to do business and gain profit and market share. Situational Analysis: Company profile: Speedy Hire PLC (www.speedyhire.plc.uk and www.speedyhire.co.uk) is the UK’s number one provider of tools and equipment for hire. The company operates from more than 350 depots in the UK and the Republic of Ireland. Speedy was traditionally focused on tool hire, but now also has complementary businesses specialising in portable accommodation, lifting, surveying, compressed air systems, pumping and power generation equipment. The company also offers a range of temporary fencing for hire. Speedy Hire Direct, established...
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...Risk management in the health care in the past risk management and quality improvement job was separate in the health care organization. Even though, the job function may have been different the goal was the same. As up today they have close the gap to provide a better, and safety quality patient care. Rationale What is risk management any way not everyone has the same meaning. It can be define as such Risk management is a process for identifying, assessing, and prioritizing risks of different kinds. Once the risks are identified, the risk manager will create a plan to minimize or eliminate the impact of negative events. A variety of strategies is available, depending on the type of risk and the type of business. Outline Risk Management and Patient Safety: The Synergy and the Tension Integrating Risk Management, Quality Management, and Patient Safety into the Organization Benchmarking in Risk Management Risk Management Strategic Planning for a Changing Health Care Delivery System Using Never Events to Reduce Risk and Advance Patient Safety Governance and Board Responsibility to Assure Safety in Health Care Organizations 1. Introduction What is the goal or the idea behind risk management one of their focus is to reduce the financial risk other areas that may seem not important is the regulation. One of the principal issues facing health care risk management is governmental regulation. Over the last few decades, there has been a growing public...
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...1. Introduction What is the goal or the idea behind risk management one of their focus is to reduce the financial risk other areas that may seem not important is the regulation. One of the principal issues facing health care risk management is governmental regulation. Over the last few decades, there has been a growing public demand for accountability in health care delivery. The consequent tightening of governmental regulation has led to a greater allocation of an organization's resources to regulatory compliance. Some states, including New York, enacted stringent incident reporting requirements for hospitals, requiring additional staff to investigate and prepare such reports. Additionally, competition among hospitals has also fostered a greater concern over the community's perception of quality of care. Many hospitals have had to compete harder for patients as inpatient lengths of stay decrease and more procedures are performed on an outpatient basis. Risk management in the health care In the past risk management and quality improvement job was separate in the health care organization. Even though, the job function may have been different the goal was the same. Managing risks is the quality of services provided & the safety of patients, their careers & visitors. To manage risks to staff & subsequent risks to service quality. To manage risk of failing to meet national & local priority targets to manage risks to the efficiency of services...
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...EFFECTS OF OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH AND SAFETY ON JOB PERFORMANCE ABSTRACT Ocuupational health and safety have great importance in the employees work environment because now a days human resource is the most valuable asset that an organization does have and the existance of bad occupational health and safety environment greatly affect the job performance of employees. In this study the policies regarding occupational health and safety, health hazards associated with the job environment, employer’s responsibility for having good occupational health and safety measures are discussed. Purpose of the study is to know the effects of occupational health and safety on job performance, the lack of health and safety measures at workplace and how health hazards reduce job performance of the employees. Data was collected from different sources, sampling techniques were applied to the data collected and analysis was done through different quantitative tools thus recommendations and conclusions were drawn from that. Introduction: The purpose of this paper is to revise the effects of occupational health and safety on job performance of the employees’ i.e. how health hazards at occupational environment affect the employee job performance. Employees at work environment are out in the open to many of the health and safety hazards. The human resource is the most valuable asset at workplace because its effective and efficient use can result in higher level of performance in other areas of the...
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...unions and employees (who may participate or not in unions and other bodies affording workers’ representation). The phrases “labour relations” and “industrial relations” are also used in connection with various forms of workers’ participation; they can also encompass individual employment relationships between an employer and a worker under a written or implied contract of employment, although these are usually referred to as “employment relations”. There is considerable variation in the use of the terms, partly reflecting the evolving nature of the field over time and place. There is general agreement, however, that the field embraces collective bargaining, various forms of workers’ participation (such as works councils and joint health and safety committees) and mechanisms for resolving collective and individual disputes. The wide variety of labour relations systems throughout the world has meant that comparative studies and identification of types are accompanied by caveats about the limitations of over-generalization and false analogies. Traditionally, four distinct types of workplace governance have been described: dictatorial, paternalistic,...
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...INTRODUCTION KENGEN (Kenya Electricity Generating Company Limited) is the leading electric power generation company in Kenya, producing about 80 percent of electricity consumed in the country. The company utilizes various sources to generate electricity ranging from hydro, geothermal, thermal and wind. Hydro is the leading source, with an installed capacity of 766.88MW, which is 64.9 per cent of the company’s installed capacity. KENGEN has a workforce of 1,670 staff located at different power plants in the country. With its wealth of experience, established corporate base and a clear vision, the company intends to maintain leadership in the liberalized electric energy sub-sector in Kenya and the Eastern Africa Region. HEALTH AND SAFETY. Health and safety (HS) is a cross-disciplinary area concerned with protecting the safety, health and welfare of people engaged in work or employment. The goal of occupational safety and health programs is to foster a safe and healthy work environment. As secondary effects, Health and safety may also protect: - ➢ Co-workers ➢ Family members ➢ Employers ➢ Customers ➢ Suppliers ➢ Nearby communities and other members of the public who are impacted by the workplace environment as well as reduce medical care, sick leave and disability benefit costs. Health and safety aims to protect workers form discomfort and physical injury at work. Providing a healthy and safe environment in which to work is now a legal requirement in...
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...public sector security and natural disaster management, the challenge of involving the public in preparedness planning, the lack of an effective partnership with the business community, cuts to funding, and questions surrounding the evolving organizational structure of the nation’s emergency management system. Such obstacles need to be overcome if emergency management activities are to be successful in the years ahead. It takes the help from government and private and sectors such as federal, local, state, Department of Homeland Security, National Infrastructure Protection Plan to share analysis, alerts and threats with security related infrastructure. Government and private sectors to share information and to develop and establish protective actions before a disaster and to prevent a disaster most importantly to have a plan after the disaster. Critical infrastructure is the physical and cyber systems and assets so vital to the United States that their incapacity or destruction would have a debilitating impact on our physical or economic security or public health or safety. Instituting effective cooperation with international security partners, as well as high-priority cross-border protective programs such as the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO). The United States has developed a homeland Infrastructure threat risk analysis center to monitor everyday operations to make sure there is no threat. Federal agencies and our nation's critical infrastructures such as power distribution...
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...through motivation. Therefore, it is necessary to understand the interconnection between motivation, incentives and performance. In the last ten years organisational behaviour has become a key topic on strategic business development among managers (Harris & Hartman, 2002ii) to reduce employment absences, low performance, staff turnover and poor customer service. MOTIVATION IN THE PUBLIC SECTOR Motivation is a difficult trend which can be influenced by many internal and external sources and has been theorised by many academics. There are as many philosophies as there are opportunities, therefore success can be achieved through implementation, evaluation and correction of different theories. In early 1990, Perry and Wise proposed the concept of Public Service Motivation (PSM). The writers explain that public servants hold a combination of values, aptitudes and interests (Perry & Wise, 1990iii) that adapt better in an organisation that “do good for others and shape the wellbeing of society“ (Perry & Hondeghem, 2008iv) than to a capitalist organisation. As a result, employees on public sector need less motivation and incentives than private employees, because working in a non-for-profit organisation...
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