Health care and medicine in the 18th and 19th centuries also known as the Preindustrial era which lasted from the middle of the 18th century until the latter part of the 19th century and the postindustrial era, which began in the late 19th century. Both of these eras brought several aspects and characteristics that have had a major impact on shaping today’s U.S Health Care System. Some of those have been medical training, medical practice, medical institutions, medical professions, and the development of hospitals. In the late 1800s, the practice of medicine in the United States was more domestic than professional due to just learning the medical procedures. Medical training in the 18th century wasn’t received through a university instead it was received through individual shadowing and practicing with a physician. According to Leiyu Shi, “American physicians began opening medical schools, it is estimated that 42 medical schools were in operation in the United States in 1850.” If we take a look at today’s practice of medicine we can see that a lot of improvements have occurred since those centuries, medical training was provided before in able to practice medicine, and today it is still required to get the proper medical training to practice medicine with anyone. Before the 1880s, the United States only had a few isolated hospitals that were only located in large cities such as New York, Boston, New Orleans, St. Louis, and Philadelphia. In the beginning the United States was known to have really bad conditions in their hospitals, for example they were known to have horrible sanitation conditions, and poor ventilation. The first hospitals that were built by the city government were focused to treat the poor, but as the years passed these hospitals started treating the not-so-poor. During the 18th and 19th centuries the medical institutions had several names for