...PSYCHOLOGICAL SCIENCE This course aims at preparing students for a professional journey in the growing field of psychology by creating interest and developing an understanding of basic concepts of the discipline. Its major concerns include fostering capability to meet the challenges of self-discovery and effective participation in responding to the needs of society. With a vision to create a balance between society and the individual, the course intends to enable students in developing abilities needed for meeting the challenges and needs of the real world effectively. Along with it, students would also be encouraged to build a relationship with oneself, requisite for self discovery. To this end, the course emphasizes on building the conceptual foundations and acquiring psychological skills through classroom teaching/learning consisting of reflective as well as creative engagement in exercises, projects and hands on experiences. The teaching-learning of the programme would be organized through lectures, group discussions, experiential exercises, group projects, presentations, workshops and seminars. Students would be encouraged to connect to real life issues and participate in the programs and practices in the different social context. To this end practicum is incorporated as an important component in most of the papers with hands on training in the use of various research methods such as: laboratory experiments, field experiments, observation, testing, survey, interview, case...
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...Social Psychology Like many fields of psychology, social psychology is no different. From its foundation it has inspired many conflicts and different views and all the while still finds a way to add to the study of the field of psychology. The following will discuss the meaning of social psychology, how social psychology differs from other related disciplines and explains the main types of research approaches and/or methods along with their roles within social psychology. In short, the definition of social psychology is the study of the relations between people and groups. Those who specialize in this field of study normally already have specialized in fields of their own and are usually psychologists or sociologists even though both sides use both the individual and group as their units of analysis. Myers defines social psychology as, "the scientific study of how people think about, influence and relate to one another." (Myers, 2010, p. 3). This type of psychology includes how people’s thoughts, behaviors or feelings are affect by others. Social psychology does differ from other disciplines such as clinical psychology, general psychology, and sociology. Even though some of them overlap between disciplines, they each hold an alternate focus and are different in other aspects as well. To give an example of this, sociological and psychological researchers often have different goals, motives, methods, and terminology. Social psychology and sociology also have separate academic...
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...com/dictionary/psychology ull Definition of PSYCHOLOGY 1 : the science of mind and behavior 2 a : the mental or behavioral characteristics of an individual or group b : the study of mind and behavior in relation to a particular field of knowledge or activity 3 : a theory or system of psychology <Freudian psychology> <the psychology of Jung> — psy·chol·o·gist noun See psychology defined for English-language learners » See psychology defined for kids » Examples of PSYCHOLOGY She studied psychology in college. the psychology of an athlete the psychology of crowd behavior We need to understand the psychologies of the two people involved in the incident. Origin of PSYCHOLOGY New Latin psychologia, from psych- + -logia -logy First Known Use: 1653 Other Psychology Terms fetish, hypochondria, intelligence, mania, narcissism, neurosis, pathological, psychosis, schadenfreude, subliminal Rhymes with PSYCHOLOGY andrology, anthology, apology, astrology, biology, bryology, cetology, Christology, chronology, conchology, cosmology, cryptology, cytolog... [+]more psy·chol·o·gy noun \-jē\ (Medical Dictionary) plural psy·chol·o·gies Medical Definition of PSYCHOLOGY 1 : the science of mind and behavior 2 a : the mental or behavioral characteristics typical of an individual or group or a particular form of behavior <mob psychology> <the psychology of arson> b : the study of mind and behavior in relation to a particular field of knowledge...
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...Astrophysics: the study of the physics of the universe Bacteriology: the study of bacteria in relation to disease Biochemistry: the study of the organic chemistry of compounds and processes occurring in organisms Biophysics: the application of theories and methods of the physical sciences to questions of biology Biology: the science that studies living organisms Botany: the scientific study of plant life Chemical Engineering: the application of science, mathematics, and economics to the process of converting raw materials or chemicals into more useful or valuable forms Chemistry: the science of matter and its interactions with energy and itself Climatology: the study of climates and investigations of its phenomena and causes Computer Science: the systematic study of computing systems and computation Ecology: the study of how organisms interact with each other and their environment Electronics: science and technology of electronic phenomena Engineering: the practical application of science to commerce or industry Entomology: the study of insects Environmental Science: the science of the interactions between the physical, chemical, and biological components of the environment Forestry: the science of studying and managing forests and plantations, and related natural resources Genetics: the science of genes, heredity, and the variation of organisms Geology: the science of the Earth, its structure, and history ...
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...Social Psychology Definition Roberta Menlove Psy/400 October 2, 2012 Richard Johnston Social Psychology Definition Social psychology is a discipline of science attempting to guide social situations giving particular consideration to how humans interact with one another. Social psychology focuses on how individuals, in general, think about, view, influence, relate to, and affect each other. Social psychology cannot explain every social problem, however, by studying how individuals react to specific situations it does give insight into understanding many aspects such as how stereotypes are created. It also can explain behaviors such sexism, racism, why a person may behave one way in a certain situation and like a completely different person in a different situation, and even how individuals fall in and out of love (Myers, 2010). Clinical Psychology Social psychology is very similar to other psychologies, such as clinical psychology and sociology, but has distinctions of its own. For instance, one contrast between social psychology and clinical psychology is social psychology tends to focus on situational influences of “normal” behavior, whereas clinical psychology focuses on particular behaviors mainly intra-psychic influences of “abnormal” behavior. Clinical psychology is an expansive field of research within the sphere of psychology that applies psychological principles to rehabilitation, prevention, assessment, amelioration, or psychological dysfunctional behavior...
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...Social Psychology Definition Paper Douglas Cooper PSY/400 April 4, 2016 Ami Taharka Social Psychology Definition Paper How do people think about, influence, and relate to each other? These are just some of the questions that social psychologists are looking to answer. This paper will further define social psychology’s goals to elicit a richer understanding of the field. It will discuss how social psychology differs from other disciplines, such as clinical psychology, general psychology, and sociology and why those differences are important. Finally, it will examine research methods and strategies that social psychologist utilize to answer questions. Social Psychology Defined According to our text, social psychology “is the scientific study of how people think about, influence, and relate to one another” (Myers, 2010, pg. 4). It is a relatively young science, that some may confuse with sociology. Whereas sociology focuses on group dynamics, social psychology focuses more on how individuals interact with each other. At the heart of social psychology are three different constructs. These are: social thinking (what we perceive about ourselves and other, what we believe, the judgements we make, and our attitudes), social influence (culture, conformity pressures, persuasion), and social relations (prejudice, aggression, attraction and intimacy, and helping). There are several concepts that contribute to these constructs. Some of these include the following. First is that...
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...What is Environmental Psychology? Tammy Poe PSY 460 February 13, 2012 Dr. Mike What is Environmental Psychology? Environmental psychology became popular in the 1950s and 1960s, and has many aspects in psychology because of its relationship between human behavior and the environment that he or she lives in. Environment refers to an individual’s social setting, which is constantly changing. Social, educational, professional, and home settings may be different environments, and different behaviors can be seen in each environment. This paper will examine the discipline of environmental psychology while comparing two theoretical approaches to environmental psychology, and explain how research is crucial to environmental psychology. Environmental psychologist’s examines real life problems in people’s everyday life. Environmental Psychology There are different aspects of environmental psychology are problem-oriented and includes human and environmental interactions, locally and globally. A person must know and understand that human nature predicts the environmental conditions that cause behavioral problems. According to De Young, R. (1999),”The field defines the term environment very broadly including all that is natural on the planet as well as social settings, built environments, learning environments and informational environments” (para.1). Environmental psychologists can manage, design, protect, and restore environments to increase behavior, and predict the possible outcome...
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...GRADUATE DIPLOMA IN INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS AND DIPLOMACY STUDENT GUIDELINE NOTES GLOBAL POLITICAL ECONOMY MODULE Paste the notes here… Political economy originally was the term for studying production, buying and selling, and their relations with law, custom, and government. Political economy originated in moral philosophy (e.g. Adam Smith was Professor of Moral Philosophy at the University of Glasgow), it developed in the 18th century as the study of the economies of states — polities, hence political economy. In late nineteenth century, the term "political economy" was generally replaced by the term economics, used by those seeking to place the study of economy upon mathematical and axiomatic bases, rather than the structural relationships of production and consumption (cf. marginalism, Alfred Marshall). History of the term Originally, political economy meant the study of the conditions under which production was organized in the nation-states. The phrase économie politique (translated in English as political economy) first appeared in France in 1615 with the well known book by Antoyne de Montchrétien: Traicté de l’oeconomie politique. French physiocrats, Adam Smith, David Ricardo and Karl Marx were some of the exponents of political economy. In 1805, Thomas Malthus became England's first professor of political economy, at the East India Company College, Haileybury, Hertfordshire. The world's first professorship in political economy was established...
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...Abnormal Psychology Test #2 Study Guide with Answers TRUE/FALSE 1. Most people with mental disorders behave in a highly irrational or dangerous manner. ANS: F 2. People who are strange, weird, or bizarre have a mental disorder. ANS: F 3. People with mental disorders are strange, unusual, and noticeably different than other people. ANS: F 4. 5. There can be no universal definition of abnormality. ANS: T 6. Ideas about what are normal and abnormal vary over time and across cultures. ANS: T 7. Abnormal behaviors and feelings are often exaggerations of normal states. ANS: T 8. Normal behaviors can be categorized as distinctly different from abnormal behaviors. ANS: F 9. Every human being experiences at least mild versions of the feelings and behaviors that are found in mental disorders. ANS: T 10. Most mental disorders have both psychological and biological causes. ANS: T 11. If a disorder can be treated with medication, that disorder must be caused by a physical problem. ANS: F 12. Every emotional and behavior has both a psychological and a biological aspect. ANS: T 13. Cognitive therapy is based on the belief that problematic emotions and behaviors can be changed by modifying problematic thoughts. ANS: T 14. A classification system is only useful when its categories consistently and accurately fit the phenomena being classified. ANS: T 15. A classification system is only useful...
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...feL82809_ch01_002-047.indd Page 2 8/2/10 9:46 PM user-f465 CHAPTER 1 Introduction to Psychology /Users/user-f465/Desktop feL82809_ch01_002-047.indd Page 3 8/2/10 9:46 PM user-f465 /Users/user-f465/Desktop Key Concepts for Chapter 1 MODULE 1 What is the science of psychology? ● What Psychologists at Work are the major specialties in the field of The Subfields of Psychology: Psychology’s Family Tree psychology? ● Where do psychologists Working at Psychology PsychWork: Licensed Social Worker work? MODULE 2 What are the origins of psychology? ● What are the major approaches in contemporary psychology? ● What are psychology’s key issues and controversies? ● What is the future of psychology likely to hold? A Science Evolves: The Past, the Present, and the Future The Roots of Psychology Today’s Perspectives Applying Psychology in the 21st Century: Psychology Matters Psychology’s Key Issues and Controversies Psychology’s Future MODULE 3 What is the scientific method? ● What role Research in Psychology do theories and hypotheses play in The Scientific Method psychological research? ● What research Descriptive Research methods do psychologists use? ● How do Experimental Research Psychological Research psychologists establish cause-and-effect relationships using experiments? MODULE 4 What major issues confront psychologists conducting research? Research Challenges: ...
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...different theorists and their theories with explicit events and years in the history of nursing, and inform on the affinity between the profession and nursing science. This paper also includes the importance of nursing science of other disciplines such as psychology, anthropology, education, philosophy, religion and the social science. The history of professional nursing starts with Florence Nightingale, who is considered the mother of nursing science. Nightingale placed emphasis on good nutrition and hygiene, efficiency of this practice had a positive impact when this method reduced the spread of infections and made a huge difference in the survival rate of soldiers in the Crimean war in the mid -1850s. In 1859, she published her famous nursing notes “What is and what is not” Although Nightingale wrote this book with the intention to give clues to those taking care of the health of others; ("Florence Nightingale and the Crimean War," 2008) it turned out to be a great educational and role model method which is clinically used to present. And it is a great example of evidence- based practice. In 1860 in London the school of Nightingale was opened, and the American Red Cross was founded by Clara Barton in 1881 ("Nursing Theory Definition”) Abraham Maslow proposed the theory of the “Hierarchy of Needs” in the 1940s, which implies that people are motivated to fulfill basic needs before moving on to more advanced needs. Maslow’s original five - stage model includes:...
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...Discuss the ways in which coaching psychology research might advance the practise of executive coaching Coaching psychology as a practise is a relatively new phenomenon which encourages an individual to realise and ultimately develop their personal strengths and attributes. Although it is a new practice, psychologists as a whole are yet to determine an exact definition of the meaning coaching psychology. However one of the most applicable definitions to this subject matter is “Coaching maybe defined as a goal - directed multifaceted process for enhancing people, work and life and, as an industry, it has and still is experiencing rapid growth” (Brock, 2006). This essay will examine coaching psychology and how its research will benefit the development of executive coaching and how previous research can enhance this particular sector in psychology. Some of the main areas that will be explored are how positive psychological research has informed this particular area as a whole, the relationship between a coach and client, what qualities make for a good coach and how future research can improve our knowledge and the practice of executive coaching. Positive psychology despite, being considered an applied science it is an empirical science by virtue of scientific method and research. Positive psychology is imperative to the practice of executive coaching as it concentrates on utilising an executives/managers ability to improve an “individuals traits which manifest themselves as...
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...Cognitive Psychology Definition Paper PSY/340 Cognitive Psychology Dr. 07/14/2014 The cognition process study is an integral part of getting familiar with the human nature. Considering the topic of human nature, the most interesting thing to discover is the way people behave themselves, what is ascribed to the study of behavioral psychology. Nevertheless, the way people behave is fully dependent upon what people learn, what do they read, which information they process, and how does it take place. A human's behavior in different situations is just as set of theoretical and practical knowledge received in the process of cognition. All the questions regarding this topic are put under deep scrutiny by the branch of psychology, which is called the cognitive psychology. This kind of psychological studies is one of the most important, as it examines and researches not only what and who we are, but how do we acquire the features we possess. The 18th century was a harsh time for the development of psychology in the role of a scientific discipline. Towards the end of the 19th century psychology was dominated by an approach known as introspectionism. The basis of introspectionism was to study mental processes via a method of subjective self-examination. (Parkin, 2000, p. 1) In the middle of the 20th century, three general movements arose to inspire and shape a cognitive psychology. First of all, after the introduction...
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...sociology and psychology toward mental illness? Table of Contents I. Introduction P.1 II. What is Philosophy? P.2-14 i. An Introduction to Philosophyby George S. Fullerton ii. Principles of Philosophyby Rene Descartes iii. The Gift of Fire by Richard Mitchell iv. I and Thou by Martin Buber v. Philosophy: Who needs it? by Ayn Rand III. Sociology P.15-19 i. The philosophy of sociology ii. Sociology towards mental illness IV. Psychology P.20-23 i. The philosophy of psychology ...
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...Access to higher education Psychology assignment (karon Chewter 7nd March 2016) Psychology applied to health Health psychology is the study of health, illnessillness, and health care practice. Health psychology as a unique area of psychology came to the forefront in the 1970s and has since grown. (Gross.R 2005) Health psychology is an exciting and relatively new field devoted to understanding psychological influences on how people stay healthy, why they become ill and how they respond when they do get ill? It focuses on health promotion and maintenance, prevention and treatment of illness and the understanding of the biopsychosocial aspects of physical and mental illness, improvement of the health care system and the formulation of health policy (S.E, Taylor, 1995). The main areas of health psychology are stress and coping, health behaviours and issues in health. Health psychologists study such issues and develop interventions to help people stay well or get over illness. For exampleexample, a health psychology researcher might be interested in why adolescents continue to binge drink even though they know that binge drinking increases their risk of cancer and heart disease. Understanding this poor health habit leads to interventions to help adolescents stop binge drinking. The waysways, in which health psychologists try to change the behaviours, the influence of behaviourist such as Skinner and Watson will...
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